What harsh conditions do businessmen on the Silk Road need to overcome?

Mountains and rivers are far away; Bad weather; Robbers haunt; Different treatment of different nationalities and countries; Language barriers, etc.

Due to the harsh natural environment on the road, thieves frequently appeared on the ancient Silk Road. They usually walked together, led by caravan leaders, and ran around the Silk Road in the form of caravans.

The fundamental reason why businessmen from ancient countries were able to overcome hardships and resolutely embark on the ancient Silk Road was the power of free trade and the truth inspired by the "invisible hand".