Three Comments by Chen Kuying on Yu Guangzhong (1) Several Times of Drifting A Record of the Ups and Downs of Mainland Literati in Taiwan Collect this book Font size -+ Chen Kuying originally taught in the Department of Philosophy, National Taiwan University. On December 4, 1972, he, Wang Xiaobo and some students imitated Li Bai's concern for the country's strong unification and held a "Nationalism Symposium" at National Taiwan University to promote China's unification and other ideas, and were later arrested. After his release, he was unable to teach or work. He published "Existentialism", "Philosophy of Zhuangzi", "The Tragic Philosopher Nietzsche", and "Ancient Voices". He gave people the impression of "a fierce liberal". After years of silence, he became famous after publishing a series of articles commenting on Yu Guangzhong. There is no personal grudge between Chen Guying and Yu Guangzhong. Ten years ago, they were both the authors of "Wenxing". Yu Guangzhong seemed to give people the impression that he was also a liberal democrat. However, after the publication of "The Boy Who Cried Wolf", Chen Guying changed his view and took a closer look at all his works. He found that there were many problems, the most important of which was Indulging in decadent consciousness and nihilistic emotions, comprador consciousness and self-expansion in the pathological life of capitalism. There is no trace of his concern for others or any concern for social groups in his works. After he arrived in the United States, he saw the towering Empire State Building, thousands of miles of highways, and thousands of miles of grassland. He was immediately shocked by the material civilization there. Looking back, he thought of China's poverty, which gave rise to a national inferiority complex; and because of the longing for The identity of the United States has been hindered, and it has become more and more humiliated towards its own nation-state, so a series of words that humiliate the motherland have appeared. 21 After having these views, Chen Guying wrote "Three Comments" in succession as a reader: "Comment on Yu Guangzhong's Decadent Consciousness and Eroticism" 22, "Comment on Yu Guangzhong's Exile Mentality" 23, "Three Comments on Yu Guangzhong's Poems" 24, and published as "Such a Poet Yu Guangzhong" 25. Regarding the article "The Wolf Is Coming", Chen Guying agreed with Xu Fuguan: This is a drop of blood thrown to the writer. This cannot be explained simply from "anti-***": "In fact, his real motivation for writing "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" was just because a group of new writers affected the market for his works and attracted their readers; Just to protect his own interests, he did not hesitate to use means to persecute new writers. To put it bluntly, that's all." 26 But in his overall evaluation of Yu Guangzhong's poetry, he did what Xu Fuguan did not do: "Yu Guangzhong's poetry. "It not only pollutes our national language, but also seriously pollutes the minds of young people." The article gives a large number of examples, pointing out that Yu Guang's Chinese language is like "a Latin shrug", "I am very Latin", " It's really hard for you, Signorina." "I bowed to her, very Italian." This kind of foreign language is caused by the author's excessive admiration for foreign countries. 27 There are numerous such examples in Yu Guangzhong's poems. Chen Guying analyzed and criticized "The Starry Sky is Very Greek" and "Beautiful Dismemberment" under the title of "Case of Language Pollution", and pointed out that the deeper roots of his language corruption are just like Yu's own confession. : "I am a sick spider in the wind"; "I have become a spiritual cripple"; "The soul of a masochist". If this kind of "masochistic symptom" is not treated in time, you can imagine what will happen to it. Chen Guying also said that his works spread a large number of extremely unhealthy gray thoughts and decadent emotions. As for his admiration for foreign countries, his soul wanted to "marry San Francisco" and he would be proud to be buried in Westminster Abbey in England when he died... Although he often said that he missed China, when he compared China with the United States, he compared us Poverty is shameful, and they despise it like this: "China, China, you are a shameful disease", you are a "dishonorable" mother with "syphilis". When criticizing Yu Guangzhong's poems, Chen Guying also used a humorous approach: Yu Guangzhong dreams all day long. According to his own words, "I often dream when I wake up" ("Legends of Lotus"), "I dream with my eyes closed, I dream with my eyes open" ( "Percussion"). Of course, his favorite thing is the "golden dream" ("Stalactites"). "I fell asleep with a velvet memory of the past", so he "dreamed of a king" - "the king of heaven", a "king of blue eyes". The "king" he dreamed of was "blue-eyed." From this, one can imagine what his heart is going to be. 28 After Chen Guying’s excerpting method, Yu Guangzhong became a “mental patient” suffering from “sleepwalking”. Therefore, Chen Guying diagnosed Yu Guangzhong as “an inevitable reflection of the abnormal psychology of the ‘desperate aristocratic’ poet”29, which is logical. . Regarding Yu Guangzhong's "exile mentality", Chen Guying said: Taiwan's intellectual circles, struck by the pain of the times, have developed two mainstream mentality in recent years: one is the ZTE mentality, and the other is the exile mentality. The rejuvenation mentality is to face reality and seek reform of unreasonable phenomena; the exile mentality is to escape from reality (including escaping into pornographic entertainment), which has evolved into the trend of toothbrushism. 30 Chen Guying thought that Yu Guangzhong had been addicted to false fame for a long time. If he didn't give him a try, he wouldn't wake up. One of his intentions in commenting on Yu Guangzhong is that he hopes that through the review of Yu's works, he can reflect on the faults of his past writings and go back in time to explore new steps. 31 Therefore, Chen Gu should be more energetic when writing the second comment, making an overall review of Yu Guangzhong's poems to see how decadent and boring the poet was and how he humiliated the motherland.
He wrote: He said that in Taipei, “This city really soaked in more than a dozen springs/Springs that are not springs, soaked again and again/I feel so wronged when I think about it/Or the so-called spring/In the end it’s nothing. That’s what it is; some wounded memories/some desires and dust.” "Soaked and soaked" is a self-description of his attitude towards life; "Some injured memories/some desires and dust" is a statement of the content of his life. "Soaking for more than a dozen springs" means that for more than ten years he was just wasting his time in "soaking"; the days of "soaking" are his floating mentality caused by his lack of roots and sense of loss. During his more than ten years in Taiwan, he had "some injured memories", "some desires and dust", and even lamented that life was "suicide in stages". This is exactly the life portrait of a "fugitive aristocrat". As for his sense of grievance, it is obviously untrue... 32 Chen Guying also wrote that out of the corner of his eye, he suddenly remembered that in Taiwan, "in winter, not a single piece of snow falls/but we are not warm on the island" and "compared to the United States" "Taipei is a baby" and "Taipei is so miserable, it feels like a black and white film." He also believed that Chinese culture was a "culture that feeds on surplus fish" and he wanted to "burn a thick copy of the Twenty-Four Histories to get some warmth." He said, "China, China, you have an incurable stomach disease", "China, China, you are making me prematurely old." ". Here Chen Gu still uses syntax excerpts, regardless of the main purpose of the full text and the context. In this way, it is easy to conclude that Yu Guangzhong neither loves Taiwan nor China. In fact, as Uncle Yan Yuan said, to some official patriots, Yu Guangzhong's words about "incurable stomach problems" were the discouraging words of a "defeatist". However, Yu Guangzhong dared to write these words on paper to bear spiritual witness for himself and many other people. This is brave and patriotic. Yu Guangzhong is a true patriot (at least that's the expression in this poem). He loves China deeply and feels deeply, so deeply that he almost despairs: "China, China, you drive me crazy." He added: " China, China, you are making me prematurely old." Undoubtedly, the first half of "Knocking Music" is full of national humiliation and shame. However, there is a change later in this poem - "My blood vessels are tributaries of the Yellow River/China is me, I am China", which shows that Yu Guangzhong's national heart is not only not dead, but also as angry and fierce as a volcano. 33 Uncle Yan Yuanshu said that the changes in Yu's poem were very important, but Chen Guying deliberately ignored them when "extracting sentences", which fooled the readers to a certain extent.
Chen Guying’s Three Comments on Yu Guangzhong (2) The Ups and Downs of Literati from Mainland China to Taiwan for Several Times Collection This Book Font Size -+ Of course, Chen Guying’s articles are not without merit. He believes that modern poetry including Yu Guangzhong The language "flows into the bizarre and incomprehensible", and he also has the unique insight to point out that the pseudo-romanticism of "Legends of Lotus" has unexplored aspects. However, Chen Guying lacked literary skills and did not know much about the artistic rules of poetry, so he often misread Yu Guangzhong's works. In the process of deductive reasoning, his "Yu Guangzhong Theory" was often taken out of context, generalized, and even spliced ??together Yu Guangzhong's poems for the needs of his own argument. This would inevitably misinterpret the original meaning of Yu's works. The evaluation obtained in this way is of course It won't be fair. Regarding Yu Guangzhong, Chen Guying is still suspected of being labeled randomly. For example, "Soul Marries San Francisco", the original text is this: The swinging bread basket feeds most of the United States. Whitman, Sandburg, and Mark Twain have been sung here. I have been sung in the uneasy era. Eliot's dying wasteland breathes the greenness of youth after the death of the old and the grass. From here, the land is green to the foot of the Rocky Mountains, so the young ears and drunken ears are turned sideways to the west bank to beat the music of Bob Dylan's melody. Sideways Ginsberg and Ferlinghetti From Wichita to Berkeley Lower Eliot Rise Whitman, Nine Muses, Marry San Francisco! 34 As Huang Weiliang said, in the 1960s, Ginsburg emerged in San Francisco on the West Coast of the United States, and the new generation of poets seemed to have brought over the trend of the American poetry world. The Nine Muses are the Greek goddesses of poetry. "Nine Muses, Marrying San Francisco" refers to this thing in the American poetry world. Yu Guangzhong did not marry San Francisco because his feelings for China were too deep and strong. He is connected with China. China makes him unhappy but also makes him happy. The poem "When I Die" (1966) also says: When I die, bury me, between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, with my head on my head, white hair covered with black soil, in China, the most beautiful and motherly country35 Here , Chen Guying was not proud to be buried in Westminster Abbey in England, but he was proud to be buried between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. China is "the most beautiful and motherly country". There is no trace of worshiping foreigners! As for "Suffering from syphilis, she is still a mother", Chen Guying only saw "syphilis" but not "mother". A mother who is seriously ill is still a mother. This is an emotion of deep love and deep hatred. The word "syphilis" cannot be used to make an issue. After Chen Guying's article was published, it attracted a round of applause. Kong Wuji's "A Historical Contrast" 36 compared the mood of overseas students a hundred years ago with Yu Guangzhong's mentality of admiring foreigners and lamented that "in today's Taiwan" there are people who "put themselves at the feet of all outsiders." Tian Dian's "I Also Talk About Yu Guangzhong"37 criticizes Yu Guangzhong's motives and mentality from another angle. Han Jue's "Ode to a Poet in Bed" 38 uses "epigrams" from Yu Guangzhong to write two limericks.
However, there are also opposing voices. For example, Wu Wangyao attacked Chen Guying and criticized Yu Guangzhong for using nothing more than a set of terms specific to the other side of the Taiwan Strait. 39 He believed that to deal with different opinions, "If wooden sticks are not enough, use iron rods." 40 This kind of wooden stick is more Iron-rod criticism repeats the mistakes of Yu Guangzhong's "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" and is also a form of intimidation to rural writers. Chen Guying also has close friends in Hong Kong. In addition to reprinting Chen Kuying's book, Hong Kong leftists also have some applause words like this: Read carefully the poems of Yu quoted in Chen's book, I don't think anyone can make any defense for the latter's comprador decadent consciousness. They fully demonstrate the despicable faces and bad habits of traditional Chinese literati (who also serve as cultural thugs). After reading it in one breath, I suddenly changed my view of Chen. He showed us an intellectual in adversity, full of fighting spirit and the spirit of being independent, not flattering the powerful, and daring to speak for the people. In one sentence, it is worthy of our applause and cheers. 41 This kind of evaluation is obviously an emotional reaction. The publication that published this article was deeply influenced by the ultra-left ideological trend of the "Cultural Revolution" in mainland China. The vulgar tendency of such articles can also be seen from the end of the article: "Supplementary note: I would like to express my gratitude to the design of "Such a Poet Yu Guangzhong" Pay tribute to Mr. Yang Guotai on the cover of the book. Good job! You are so brave!" If Yu Guangzhong's "Wolf Crying" is based on ideology, then Chen Gu should treat others in their own way. He conducted a moral judgment on Yu Guangzhong, departing from the purport of literature, to prove that there was something wrong with Yu Guangzhong's "head" and that he was not qualified to examine other people's "heads". The example of Chen Guying and Yu Guangzhong's extreme writing battle between positive and negative, which is far away from local literature, fully proves that this debate "is a war with no intersection in literary opinions, but a confrontation between two opposing ideologies."
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