Teaching objectives
1. Learn the appreciation method of new poetry, and comprehend the beauty of music, image and architecture through gradual and in-depth reading.
2. Appreciate the images and language in Farewell to Cambridge, and experience the poet's deep affection.
Teaching focuses on the appreciation method of new poetry.
Teaching difficulties lead students to read their own unique understanding from poems.
Teaching method This is the first new poem that senior one students learn in senior high school. The teaching of this course aims to cultivate students' interest in appreciating new poetry, get a preliminary understanding of the basic knowledge of appreciating new poetry and learn the skills of feeling the language and artistic conception of new poetry. To this end, the teaching of this poem adopts the following methods:
1, Knowing People and Commenting on the World: Xu Zhimo's short and rich life experience and emotional course are closely related to his aesthetic pursuit of poetry and the feelings expressed in this poem. Xu Zhimo's position in the eyes of others is similar to that of Cambridge in Xu Zhimo's mind. On the one hand, guiding students to understand Xu Zhimo is helpful to deepen their understanding of the context of poetry, and can also find the metaphorical meaning of Cambridge complex in poetry.
2. Introduction to reading: The image used in this poem is elegant and soft, full of traditional cultural connotations, and the artistic conception created by it is bright and intoxicating. In the teaching process, teachers guide students to pay attention to the special connotation of images and taste the poet's feelings contained in artistic conception.
3. Comparative appreciation: As a farewell poem, this poem can be compared with the farewell poems of classical poetry in terms of farewell object, farewell emotion and farewell atmosphere. The unique artistic charm of this poem can be understood through comparative appreciation.
teaching process
First, your understanding of Xu Zhimo.
Show the photos of Xu Zhimo and ask the students to talk about his understanding of Xu Zhimo.
1, Xu Zhimo's emotional journey: People familiar with Xu Zhimo praised his character and conduct, saying that he was naive and sincere, regardless of fame and fortune, enthusiastic and selfless, lively and funny, and Xu Zhimo laughed everywhere. The wind of his life basically comes from three directions, namely, three women with completely different personalities: Zhang Youyi, Lin and Lu Xiaoman. Women are the source of Xu Zhimo's inspiration and his tragedy. Xu Zhimo's life was extended by three women who loved him in different ways: Zhang Youyi became self-reliant, continued to serve her father-in-law, raised her son, and set up a fashion company and a women's bank in Shanghai, which was the first in fashion. Lin collected the fragments of a crashed plane, which has been treasured to this day, and proposed to set up a "Zhimo Award" to encourage literary youth. Lu Xiaoman wore plain clothes all her life, and she was confined to social places. Editing and publishing the Complete Works of Xu Zhimo became her only wish.
2. Xu Zhimo's life experience: Xu Zhimo (1897 ~ 193 1) is a modern poet and essayist. Famous Zhang Yi, pen names Nanhu, Yun Zhonghe, etc. Haining, Zhejiang. 19 18 went to the United States to study banking. 1920 went to England to study for a doctorate at Cambridge University. During this period, Xu Zhimo met Lin and had a wonderful time studying abroad. He can attend classes and read books at will, enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides of the Hekang River, or row boats in the river and indulge in nature. 193 1 year 1 year 1 year 65438+9 years, I flew from Nanjing to Beiping, because of the fog, I hit a mountain near Jinan, and the plane crashed and died.
3. Xu Zhimo's poems
Play clips of the songs "Accidental" and "I don't know which direction the wind blows", and play "Sianna La-For Japanese Girls". Then ask the students to talk about the poems they read in Zhimo.
Second, read poetry for the first time and talk about feelings.
Situation creation: Just as Xu Zhimo, who died young, is the eternal treasure of three women in his life, so is life in Cambridge and everything about Cambridge.
Farewell to Cambridge records the poet 1928' s emotional experience of returning to England in autumn. Cambridge, or Cambridge, is the seat of the famous Cambridge University in Britain. Everything about Cambridge has long left a good impression on him. Now I want to say goodbye to it, and thousands of tender feelings and feelings come to my heart. He Kanghe's water awakened the long-dormant passion in his heart, so it became this masterpiece handed down from generation to generation.
Please feel free to read this poem. What is your biggest feeling after reading it?
Thirdly, study and appreciate poetry again.
1, reading guidance: enjoy reading with music, let students read first, then read with the model, and students can find the gap.
Athena Chu: You (xìng), you (lán), you (pàn), you (ù), you (gāo).
Tone: soothing and deep.
Rhythm: soft, harmonious and repetitive.
Rhyme: every stanza rhymes, and changes from stanza to stanza rhyme.
2. Content discussion-reading poets
There are many places worth discussing in the content of new poetry, such as the use of language, the creation of artistic conception, the change of emotion, the arrangement of structure and so on. Now, please choose a study topic and study the text carefully. During your study, write down your feelings in your notebook at any time. After reading, the students communicate.
The question can be subdivided into: (1) Which words or sentences do you think reflect the author's ingenuity?
"Show off": The graceful posture swaying with the current is relaxed in the poet's eyes and seems to be waving a welcome. "Swinging" shows the deep affection and loveliness of oil grass with anthropomorphic techniques.
Return from Wandering: Listen to the call of the soul and follow the footsteps of the past at will. The word "returning to Cambridge" not only shows the author's attachment to Cambridge, but also shows the poet's natural and unrestrained style, and also leaves room for imagination for readers.
"Sedimentation": in line with the word "crush", I revisited my old place, my personnel have changed, and my ideals and wishes of that year are faintly visible. The word "precipitation" contains memories of the past and also implies helplessness to reality.
The words "gently", "quietly" and "silence" are used at the beginning and the end respectively: "gently", "quietly" and "silence" create an atmosphere of silence and farewell. "Gently" focuses on the objective state, while "quietly" focuses on the subjective intention, which shows that the poet is unwilling to disturb He Kang's original tranquility and beauty, and even more shows his love for Cambridge.
Two figurative sentences: the golden willow by the river is the bride in the sunset; Precipitate a rainbow-like dream.
Anthropomorphic technique: Summer insects are also silent for me.
(2) The objective scenery of the world is called "object image". When the image appears in the poem and becomes the image written by the poet, it is full of the author's emotion, and the "image" becomes the "image". (objective image)+(subjective emotion) = image. This poem expresses the author's feelings through a set of images, so the atmosphere and artistic realm it sets off are called artistic conception. What images appear in this poem? Which image do you like best?
Images include clouds, golden willows, soft waves, green grass, starlight and other natural scenery. Liu Jin. Why not say willow, green willow but golden willow? The willows in the sunset are full of attachment tenderness. In the eyes of China people, willow trees have a very close relationship with parting. He chose the most beautiful moment of the willow tree and compared it to the bride. Even the shadows are brilliant. The bride is the most beautiful moment in a girl's life. This shows the position of Cambridge in Xu Zhimo's heart.
Green grass green grass is just ordinary water grass, still in the mud. Why is Xu Zhimo willing to be such an aquatic plant? Soft mud reminds people of the delicate and smooth mud, and it is also very cute, which makes people want to be close; Aquatic vegetable oil makes you feel its vitality intuitively; The word swagger expresses the happiness and relaxation of aquatic plants. This image of water grass swaying in the soft waves symbolizes the poet's happy life in Cambridge.
Summer worm. Even insects play an important role in this quiet and affectionate artistic conception. It seems to know the poet's voice and no longer sings for him on summer nights. In the lover's pen, insects will report spring, "I know that spring is warm tonight, and insects are new through the green screen window"; Flowers and birds will cry, "petals flow like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness." "Summer insects are silent for me, and silence is Cambridge tonight" is similar to the poem above.
(3) What are the cultural traditions of colorful clouds, golden willows, green grass and over the rainbow in classical poetry?
"the bright moon is hard to meet, and the colorful clouds are easy to disperse" is a description of the beauty and stubbornness of Qing literature; "Golden boudoir full of flowers and willows, going to Huang Liang for a long time" describes the pure and kind Spring Festival; "shepherd's purse is not neat, and it flows around. My fair lady, ask for more happiness. "
Soft and fluttering shepherd's purse is used to describe a gentle and graceful woman. Farewell to Cambridge always intentionally or unintentionally chooses colorful, quiet and soft images to express strong female feelings, which may be related to the poet's infatuation with his alma mater, Cambridge, and his mother's love, and may also be related to the poet's subtle influence on China's traditional culture.
(4) In the process of recalling the past and bidding farewell to Cambridge, what kind of ups and downs did the author's feelings experience?
From the beginning, "Coming Gently" laid the author's reluctant love for Cambridge, and the two paragraphs of "Golden Willow" and "Green Grass" expressed his infinite attachment to Cambridge. There is a rainbow-like dream in Byron Lake. You can vaguely imagine the great ambitions of that year, but these have now become dreams, which makes people feel disappointed. Both "Return to the Pole" and "Let the Singer Shine" fantasize that life in Cambridge will be relived again, and the poet's feelings will be promoted to the highest point; But in a blink of an eye, I returned to the phenomenon. "It suddenly occurred to me that this was a night of breaking up." I returned to my heart with infinite melancholy. The attachment to Cambridge runs through.
3, empathy, read yourself.
Romain rolland said, "No one ever reads, only people read themselves, find themselves or check themselves in books". When reading poetry, we often can't help but think of our similar feelings, our familiar life, our society or the times we are experiencing, and then resonate with the author mentally. What kind of yourself do you read from this song Farewell to Cambridge? Please tell me what impressed you most about this poem.
For example: "don't take away a cloud" is free and easy;
Goodbye Liu Jin's shyness and joy in the sunset;
Disappointed sadness. Wait a minute.
Fourth, compare appreciation and structural reorganization.
1, the ancients said, "An addict is just someone else". Parting makes our life full of sadness and attachment, and also makes many things beautiful. Parting is also the eternal theme of literary creation. Looking back at the classic poems we have studied, what is the most unforgettable parting poem in your memory? How is A Farewell to Cambridge different from them?
Students recite famous sentences in parting poems;
-Wang's "Yishui gives someone a stunt": "This place is different from yan dan, and a strong man breaks his wrist. In the past, people were gone, and today the water is still cold. "
When he sent the viceroy to Shu, he said, "The two officials are parting, and they say goodbye. However, as long as China maintains our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor. "
Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Inn: "It's cold and rainy at night, and it's clear to see the guests off in Chushan. If relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other, a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot. "
Li Bai's "To Wang Lun": "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore. Taohuatan is deep in thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun. " Wait a minute.
In this poem, (1) the object of farewell is transferred from the human world to the clouds in the sky, which jumps out of the stereotype of "holding hands and looking at each other with tears" or greeting and reminding, giving people a fresh and elegant feeling.
(2) The poet created a special atmosphere of separation. This poem only paints the scenery without imitating the sound, creating a silent environment with lightness, quietness and silence, eliminating the heavy feeling brought by sadness when leaving, and adding elegant elements.
(3) Unique image choice. Generally speaking, when a poet leaves Cambridge, someone will see him off. Poets will also see tall buildings and traffic in their eyes and hear the roar of machines in their ears. However, the poet did not absorb all this in the camera. The special images of expressing feelings written in the poem are natural scenery such as clouds, golden willows, soft waves, grass and starlight, which avoid fireworks and give people a fresh feeling.
2. In this poem, the most quoted verse is "I waved my hand gently,/bid farewell to the clouds in the western sky." "I waved my sleeve/didn't take away a cloud." Have we ever seen "waving" in the Tang poems we studied? Please recite Tang poems with "Bo".
Li Bai bid farewell to his friends, with blue mountains in the north and white water in the east. Here we say goodbye to each other, and you, like losing your father, are floating in the wind and traveling far away. Floating clouds are like wanderers, like wandering, and the sunset slowly goes down the mountain, which seems to be nostalgic. With a wave of his hand, he will be separated from now on, and his friend on horseback will carry him on a long journey, blowing a long wind, as if reluctant to leave. Now please copy A Farewell to a Friend and rewrite A Farewell to Cambridge into a five-character poem. Reference answer: Say goodbye to Cambridge in the sunset. In the evening, the clouds are as red as fire, the golden willows are swaying in the shadows, the blue waves are rippling with rainbow dreams, the stars are swaying and the songs are long, and the summer insects are silent.
blackboard-writing design
Say goodbye to Cambridge again
Xu zhimo
Leave sadness and old dreams behind.
Love the beauty of ═ ═ ═ ═ ═ ═ ═.
(Joy, attachment) (image, language)
(Note: The blackboard design should be concise and implicit. "Love" and "beauty" are not only Xu Zhimo's life pursuit, but also the most important impression given by the poem Farewell to Cambridge. Xu's love for Cambridge is reflected in the joy of reunion and the attachment of parting. The image and language of this poem give people beautiful enjoyment. What haunts the poet's mind and poems is the lingering sadness and old dream of parting. )
Reference card
1, about Zhimo
Liang Qichao said: "Xu Zhimo laid the foundation of China's new poetry." Hu Shi said: "His outlook on life is really a kind of' simple belief', with three characters: one is love, the other is freedom, and the third is beauty. He dreams that these three ideal states can be combined in one life, which is his' simple belief'. The history of his life is only the history of his pursuit of this' simple belief'. "
2. Cambridge as I know it.
"The spirituality of Cambridge is all on a river; I dare say that He Kang is the most beautiful water in the world. "
"My vision was opened by Cambridge, my thirst for knowledge was touched by Cambridge, and my self-awareness was given to me by Cambridge."
3. Other famous poems
"Accidental" Xu Zhimo I am a cloud in the sky, which occasionally projects into your heart-you don't have to be surprised, let alone happy-and disappears in the blink of an eye. You and I met in the dark sea, you have yours, I have mine, direction; It would be better if you remember, but you'd better forget the light released at this meeting!
Shian Nora-Japanese girl
Xu Zhimo's evaluation is the gentleness of bowing his head (observe carefully and seize the most representative moment). Like a hibiscus out of water, I am too ashamed to enjoy the cool. Take care of yourself and take care of yourself. There is a sweet sadness in that treasure-(complex emotions. ) Annola! (take care of the problem, helpless, cherish, cherish. )