The unified version of the eighth-grade Chinese textbook is designed into six units, of which the fourth unit is an activity-based inquiry unit, and the third and sixth units are ancient poetry units. The layout is consistent with the first volume for eighth grade, and two units are locked for the study and interpretation of ancient poetry. This volume has a larger amount of classical Chinese reading and a longer length, so the requirements for students in terms of memorization and dictation are higher.
Judging from the specific content, the first unit is "Folk Customs". The content includes two lecture texts, "She Opera" and "Back to Yan'an", and two self-read texts, "Ansai Waist Drum" and "Lantern". The writing in this unit is "Imitation". On the basis of studying the famous works of this unit, students should be trained to imitate. I have imitated phrases and sentences before, and now I have a further requirement to imitate the famous articles. Of course, this requires During the reading process, take students to experience the language features and highlights of famous articles. In the first unit of study, the focus is on allowing students to grasp the author's comprehensive use of multiple expression methods, analyze the text, and feel the emotions behind the language given by the author. Therefore, in the teaching process, we should focus on clearly explaining the expression methods and functions to students in the first and second lectures. What is important is the teaching of methods. In the third and fourth lessons of self-reading, it can be used as training content for students to complete, thus connecting the reading of the text with the training of composition.
The second unit is the "Science Popularization Explanation" unit. The writing in this unit is "The Sequence of Explanation", and the contents of the four lessons are all expository texts. The fifth lesson "The Language of Nature" can be said to be a model of expository writing. The sixth lesson Asimov's two short essays "Dinosaurs Are Everywhere" and "Squashed Sand" allow students to gain popular science knowledge from them. At the same time, training in explaining methods should be carried out here. Pay attention to clarifying the order of explanations in the article, understanding the principles explained in the article, learning basic methods of analysis and reasoning, and stimulating students' interest in scientific inquiry. Therefore, when teaching this unit, the writing skills and the order of explanations should be infiltrated into the article, so that students can appreciate the learning and apply it to their own compositions to practice and apply what they have learned.
The third unit is the "Classical Chinese and Beautiful Essays" unit. The three "notes" of "Peach Blossom Spring", "Little Rock Pond" and "Hezhou" are all famous works. "Guan Ju" and "Jian Jia" in "The Book of Songs" are even more examples of beautiful classical Chinese writing. We need to let students understand the content, feel the natural beauty and happy life in ancient poems and articles, feel China's exquisite and unique craftsmanship, and unique craftsman spirit, let us feel and understand the thoughts, tastes, and wisdom of the ancients, and be influenced and infected by beauty. This unit requires students to recite the poems repeatedly and learn to analyze and accumulate exquisite classical Chinese language while understanding the main idea and connotation of the poems. The writing of this unit is "Learning to Write Post-Reading Reflections", which has been trained as early as the first volume of seventh and eighth grade students. Therefore, it is now necessary to further standardize the writing skills of post-reading reflections for students as a key writing training.
The fourth unit is the "Activity Exploration" unit. This unit learns speech words, allowing students to perceive the content of speech words, grasp the characteristics of speech words, and understand the types of speeches. After learning these in the text, students can apply the skills learned in their own writing and learn "Writing Speeches" draft". This unit will hold a practical activity - a speech competition, to implement the skills students have learned into their own speeches. In addition to the skills of writing speeches, students should also be guided to pay attention to their appearance, posture, expressions, and body language during their speeches. etc.
The fifth unit is the "Natural Scenery" unit, which includes four texts: "Hukou Waterfall", "At the Source of the Yangtze River in Gradandong", "Climbing Mount Blanc" and "A Drop of Water Passing through Lijiang". In the course of studying the text, learn about the motherland’s landscapes, humanities and historical sites, and feel the author’s emotions. As the saying goes, "Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles." Traveling is also a way to understand the world and is another form of reading. Therefore, when teaching this unit, we should focus on learning the characteristics of travel notes, grasp the author's travels and the angles and methods of describing scenes, and pay attention to taste, appreciation and accumulation of language in order to guide the writing of travel notes in this unit.
The sixth unit is also a classical Chinese unit, but the focus is on "philosophical feelings", and the selected texts are all traditional famous works. Among them are the desire for freedom, the expectation of learning life and an ideal society, such as two chapters of "Zhuangzi" and two chapters of "Book of Rites"; there are cries of injustice, such as Han Yu's "Ma Shuo"; there are cries of people's livelihood sufferings Sympathy, such as "Three Tang Poems". Studying this unit requires accumulating classical Chinese notes and cultivating a sense of literary language on the basis of repeated reading. What's more important is to learn the ancient people's reasoning skills, experience their life insights, and get ideological enlightenment and emotional edification.
In addition to texts and writing, this textbook also includes two oral communication sessions. The first unit has an oral communication "coping". We usually provide oral training before class, and we need to provide students with on-demand skills regarding coping. The fifth unit also has an oral communication "Extemporaneous Speaking". For oral classes, oral training must be put into practice. When speaking and speaking, students are in different states, emphasizing the importance of impromptu speech. Therefore, in class, we must decide what to say and how to say it according to the specific background and occasion, and decide according to the time. People, things, scenes, objects, and emotions are used as the entry point to make your words appropriate and appropriate, but they must always be the focus of training.
This textbook has an introduction to classics, with the midterm exam as the boundary. There are readings of classics in the first half of the semester and in the second half of the semester. In the introduction to "Letters from Fu Lei", students should learn the method of selective reading, and practice it by independently reading "Sophie's World" by Jostan Judd and "12 Letters to Youth" by Zhu Guangqian. In the second half of the semester, "How Steel Was Tempered" mainly trains students to excerpt and take notes. Regarding self-recommendations, "The Ordinary World" by Zhong Luyao and "The Biography of Celebrities" by Romain Rolland also require students to read, make simple excerpts and take reading notes to develop good reading habits.
There are eight extracurricular ancient poetry recitations in this volume. Before the mid-term exam, there are "Demonstration of Bauhinia", "Presenting Du Shaofu to Shuzhou", "Looking at Dongting Lake and Presenting to Prime Minister Zhang", and after the mid-term exam there are " These eight extracurricular ancient poems, titled "Poshan Temple Houchanyuan", "Farewell to Friends", "Bu Suanzi·Huiyuan Residence in Huangzhou Ding", and "Bu Suanzi·Yong Mei", all require students to understand the content of the poems and be able to recite and write silently. In addition, this textbook also designed three comprehensive studies, namely "Advocating Low-Carbon Life" in the second unit, "Wandering in the Ancient Poetry Garden" in the third unit and "Peace is the Most Precious" in the sixth unit. It is necessary to ensure that practical Provide guided learning for students. Practice the concept of "from life to learning" in Chinese learning, so that students can realize the usefulness and practicality of learning Chinese.
The content of the teaching material design includes intensive lecture texts, self-reading texts, writing, oral communication, comprehensive learning, extracurricular ancient poetry recitation, classic reading and activity exploration sections. There are many design sections and rich content, so In the teaching process, we must teach students in accordance with their aptitude, adjust teaching methods according to the content of the teaching materials and the actual situation of students, choose a teaching method that is most conducive to students' acceptance and learning, and strive to be based on the basics, extend beyond the classroom, learn methods, and benefit for life.