Chapter 1
1. Text analysis:
There are two teaching difficulties in this lesson. The first is how to let students understand a great painter’s professional appreciation of the beauty of bridges. The second is how to connect the beauty of the bridge with the examples cited in the article, and it cannot be taught as an art appreciation class. The main method I adopt is to divide it into paragraphs and levels, and then guide students to find similarities in different levels, trigger thinking through comparison, and thus grasp the meaning of the beauty of the bridge. Naturally, some pictures were selected during class, but they were mainly used to give students an intuitive feeling. After all the lectures were finished, several works of Mr. Wu Guanzhong were displayed to correspond to the description of the beauty of the bridge in the article.
2. Teaching objectives:
1. Understand the content of The Beauty of the Bridge by comparing key sentences and combining with old knowledge.
2. Analyze the role of the examples given in the article by dividing levels and comparing reading.
3. Teaching preparation:
Relevant paintings of Mr. Wu Guanzhong
4. Teaching process:
1. Introduction:
Feng Yansi, the great poet of the Southern Tang Dynasty, has two extraordinary words: "The wind on the independent bridge fills the sleeves, and the people in the new moon of Pinglin return." The lonely figure, waiting hard, the clothes blown by the breeze, Pinglin, The new moon constitutes a desolate and extremely poetic picture, and the center of this picture is the small bridge. The small bridge is the most common image in poetry. It has always attracted the attention of poets of all ages and must have its own unique beauty. Mr. Wu Guanzhong is a great painter. He describes the beauty of the bridge from the perspective of a painter. He can also give us inspiration and let us discover the unique beauty of the bridge.
2. Divide the levels and understand the beauty of the bridge.
(Students divide the full text into levels and summarize the content about the beauty of bridges in the text)
Tips:
(1) This article also follows the "total-score-total" "Write with the structure of ", find out the examples in the text, and you can clearly divide the levels. (1-3, 4-7, 8)
(2) What is the beauty of the bridge that the painter focuses on? What does the author prefer to connect bridges with?
Summary:
"How beautiful the bridge is! 'Little Bridge, Flowing Water and Houses' certainly has the beauty of poetry, but in fact it is more formal beauty of painting."
< p> "The structure of the stone arch bridge itself is beautiful... but it is due to the various formal functions of the bridge in different environments.""Any image that plays a key role in composition and connection , in fact, it has the beauty of a bridge."
(3) What does the author mean by "formal beauty" specifically? (Students read the following and analyze the meaning of key sentences)
① "Line and block surface form a contrasting beauty" (The contrast between line and block surface also appears in ancient poems, such as "Desert" The solitary smoke is straight, the sun is setting in the long river",)
②The bridge is "rich in formal changes, and it is also the medium between lines and surfaces. It is a bridge that communicates the transformation of forms between lines and surfaces." (Similarly, the bridge is located on the river, connecting the houses on both sides, and also connects the lines and surfaces, and there are more changes)
③"Round bridge openings (surfaces), square bridges Stones (surfaces) and arc bridge backs (lines)" (The bridge itself has a contrast between lines and surfaces, and connecting different lines and surfaces makes it appear more "harmonious and appropriate"
④"In different environments The author does not appreciate the bridge alone, but pays attention to the role of the bridge in what? (role in different environments) The bridge can connect different lines and surfaces, what is its role in the environment ? (Connecting different images)
⑤ From this we can find out, what does “formal beauty” here mainly refer to? (Change, connection) The “key role of composition and connection” mentioned at the end of the article, “ "Composition" refers to the composition of a changing picture, and "connection" refers to the connection of different images, which exactly corresponds to them. It's just that the author has expanded a step here and believes that no matter what form, painting, poetry, prose..., as long as it plays a role This function has the "beauty of the bridge". So, how does the author explain the beauty of the bridge? What examples does he give?
3. Analyze examples and appreciate the beauty of bridges.
(1) Summarize the examples in 4-6 and pay attention to the environment where these bridges are located.
4 Wuzhen. Stone bridges in dense reeds, stone bridges with thin willows blowing in the Jiangnan countryside, long bridges in vast lakes, and wind and rain bridges in mountainous areas.
Supplement: ① "Even if you can't see the waning moon in the morning breeze," The author here uses the words from "Yulin Ling" by Liu Yong, a great poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, "Where can I wake up tonight? Willow bank, dawn wind and moon". This poem also describes the scene of separation. The protagonist imagines that he is separated. After that, I had no choice but to go on the road and woke up from the wine. I was accompanied by only the breeze, a new moon and the fluttering willows on the shore. The author here points out that even if there is no "morning wind and waning moon", only the willows and the small bridge are enough to make people fascinated. .
② "Wind and Rain Bridge" is so named because there are corridors and pavilions on the bridge to protect it from wind and rain. It is located in a mountainous area with many rapids and waterfalls.
5. The bridge (Hongqiao) in the picture* of "Along the River During Qingming Festival", the small bridge in the crop field, the rope bridge in the precipitous environment
6. Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Qiantang River Bridge, Straight-line bridge on Chengkun Road
Supplement: ③Chengkun Road is the railway from Chengdu to Kunming. It is located in the southwest mountainous area, and the railway has to pass through many steep mountain canyons.
(2) What is the relationship between the four examples in 4 and are they put together?
Tip: When describing the environment, the author often repeatedly emphasizes the characteristics of the environment, finds recurring words, and summarizes the characteristics of different environments. Let’s look at the bridge again and see what its relationship is with the environment.
①The reeds in Wuzhen are "dense" and "airtight". The bridge "breathes a breath of comfort" and "constitutes a sharp contrast." "Contrast" means contrast. What contrast? (Dense)
②Thin willows in the countryside, "floating silk" and "slender hairspring". Bridge, "hard stone". There is also a contrast between the two. What contrast? (Soft and hard)
Supplement: The "soft and hard" here can also refer to the softness and hardness of emotions. To be nostalgic and reluctant to leave is to show the soft side of the heart. If you have no choice but to separate, you must "harden" your heart. The line "In the past, when I was gone, the willows lingered; now when I think about it, the rain and snow are falling" expresses the contrast between "soft and hard" emotions. Because it contains this kind of emotion, it makes people "*".
③The lake is "vast", "water and sky are the same color", "simple and bright", empty and somewhat monotonous. What does the "crouching dragon-like" long bridge bring to the lake?
Tip: What is the difference between taking a boat and walking on the bridge? (You can see the scenery in the bridge cave)
The author said that at this time, he was "satisfied as if he had read an epic poem." "Epic" has two characteristics, one is that it must be of sufficient length; There must be rich content. Does Long Bridge have these two characteristics? (The long bridge has enough length, and different pictures can be displayed in each bridge hole. The 53 holes are 53 paintings. These paintings will also change due to changes in the sky, water surface, light, and ships. They are also rich in content)
What is the contrast here (dense, but just the opposite of the stone bridge in Wuzhen)
④ In mountainous areas, "mostly rapids under the bridge" and "falling springs". What are people doing on the Wind and Rain Bridge? ("Stop and admire", the Fengyu Bridge can protect you from wind and rain, so people will naturally stop here.) What is this contrast? (Motion) Why does the author use the word "fight" to describe "painters and photographers"? (Corresponding to "stop", it also forms a contrast between movement and stillness. At the same time, it also shows that it is very difficult for them to find a suitable angle to express the beauty of this contrast between movement and stillness. Of course, this is also their bounden duty.)
< p> ⑤To summarize, what relationship do the four examples show between the bridge and the environment? (Contrast) The contrast between the bridge and the environment changes the picture. This is an important part of the "formal beauty" of the bridge.(3) What is the relationship between 5 and 6, and what does it illustrate about the beauty of the bridge?
Tips: 5. The author is appreciating the beauty of the bridge; 6. The author explains how to express the beauty of the bridge through his own practice. Notice how the two stanzas are connected.
①Watch a partial scene of Hongqiao in "Along the River During Qingming Festival". There are people on the bridge, boats under the bridge, and dense shops on both sides, and the focus is the bridge. Why can "the development of contradictions" "contribute to the development of drama"? (The development of contradictions will inevitably involve many characters, and many related events are intertwined at this moment.) Similarly, bridges are also connected to many images. How does the author point out its role? ("Overlapping and interlacing of images") In 6, how does the author describe his efforts to find "overlapping and intersecting" images? (“Looking for points, lines, and surfaces that complement, echo, and extend the straight lines of the bridge.”) Similarly, because he could not find an angle that could “set off, echo” the Liuhe Pagoda and the Qiantang River Bridge, he was unable to compose the picture.
Supplement: An accident actually occurred under Hongqiao. Ships in the canal cannot be turned around, and this ship rushed to the other side and was obviously out of control. Someone on the bridge threw down the rope, and someone on the boat tried to catch the rope, all in an attempt to control the boat, but failed. The canal is equivalent to the highway in ancient times. There should be a pier under the Hongqiao Bridge. There was already a constant flow of people. At this time, it attracted the attention of many people and formed the center of the picture.
②A vast crop field with only crops is indeed a bit monotonous. What images are associated with the bridge? (The water under the bridge contains duckweeds and weeds, and they also flow with the water, breaking the original monotony. Therefore, the author uses the word "pierced" to show that the bridge connects different images and breaks the monotonous scene. ) The author said that "painters love to listen to the singing of bridges in silent places", "like children looking for excitement".
How does a bridge sing? (Those images are the notes of the bridge, breaking the monotony and bringing "liveliness" to the environment)
③The cable bridge is just a line, where does its vitality come from? ("The precipitous environment gives birth to the life of the bridge", and "the contrast of various lines" gives the rope bridge vitality) Similarly, why does the straight-line bridge on Chengkun Road "sometimes appear dangerous and beautiful, and sometimes dangerous but not beautiful" "? (Can you find the "various lines" that set it off)
④How many times does the author use "search" and "search" in these two sections? ("They are looking for bridges" and "looking for..." are all looking for different images related to the bridge) Therefore, on Chengkun Road, the author "looks forward and backward" and is also looking for images that can complement the straight bridge. Wire.
⑤5 and 6, one focuses on theory and the other on practice, but they both show the role of bridges in connecting different images.
(4) What does the author want to illustrate by citing the example of Magpie Bridge at the end of the article? (The Magpie Bridge has a good image and meaning. It can also connect ancient myths and the good wishes of people in ancient and modern times. The flying magpies also make the bridge full of changes. Although it does not exist in reality, it still has the beauty of a bridge)
4. Expand with examples to appreciate the beauty of the bridge.
The phrase we mentioned at the beginning of the class is "The wind fills the sleeves of the independent bridge, and the people return to the new moon in the flat forest." The small bridge in the poem not only connects different images, but also brings about changes in the picture - - The person on the independent bridge is calm, but the longing in his heart is intense; although the person does not move, but when he says goodbye, he walks away from the bridge and his eyes follow him, but he is also moving. The bridge of the poem also changes the picture, connects different images, and also has the "beauty of the bridge". It is precisely because of this unique charm that bridges have attracted the attention of literati and painters throughout the ages.
Part 2
Textbook analysis This article involves painting and life. It is an intriguing essay. The article is rich in meaning, the description is vivid and exciting, and there are many novelties. It is suitable for appreciation. Read aloud. In reading aloud, the understanding of the text, the appreciation of the beauty of the text, and the exploration of the meaning of the text are penetrated, and the aesthetic education of truth is penetrated.
Student Analysis
Since this article involves some knowledge about painting, and the expression of some sentences does not conform to the convention, students may not understand it very well. In addition, this unit is mostly explanatory texts. , and this article is somewhat explanatory, and students will also have some doubts about the style, so more explanations should be provided in class.
Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge objectives:
Understand why the author loves bridges. Savor the beautiful and meaningful language of this article.
2. Emotional goals:
Cultivate students to face the storms of life and face life optimistically.
3. Ability goals:
Cultivate students’ ability to appreciate and discover beauty.
Key points and difficulties in teaching
Taste the language of this article. Understand the author's aesthetics.
Teaching process
1. Introduction of new lessons
Draw a circle on the blackboard and ask students to tell what they can imagine from this circle. Introduction words: Different people have different attitudes towards different things. The same circle has different opinions. It is the same tree. What the painter thinks of is the beauty it gives people; what the businessman sees is how much it can sell; the carpenter. What a piece of furniture can be made into is seen; and a bug sees what it tastes like. Both are bridges. What ordinary people see is that it provides convenience for people to travel; as a bridge expert, Mao Yisheng sees its characteristics and its status in bridge architecture; and how does a painter see it? ? We read "The Beauty of the Bridge" together to see how the painter Wu Guanzhong viewed bridges.
Provide thinking questions:
1. What is the main content of the text?
2. What is the beauty of the bridge in the author’s eyes? Answer with the sentence pattern "The beauty of the bridge lies in."
(Teacher’s guidance: After reading the second paragraph, I found that the beauty of the bridge lies in the formal beauty of the painting.)
Clearly: the beauty of the bridge lies in the stone bridge The combination with the dense reeds brings a special feeling to people; the beauty is in the moving scenery created by the cooperation between the stone bridge and the thin willows; the beauty is in the long bridge that breaks the monotony of the background, full of aura and life; the beauty is in the form formed by the wind and rain bridge Unique; the beauty is that it can use the overlapping and interlacing of images to form a rich picture; the beauty is that it cooperates with the water waves under the bridge to compose music of shape and color; in short, the beauty of the bridge lies in its blending, contrasting and echoing with the surrounding scenery. , pay attention to the matching of points, lines, and surfaces; it contrasts with the surrounding scenery without losing harmony; the beauty of the bridge has different aesthetic effects in different environments.
3. In order to illustrate the beauty of bridges, what examples does the author give? Four.
4. Which sentence in the article is the central sentence of the article. (It is estimated that there are more than two answers, and the teacher should comment appropriately.)
5. Choose your favorite sentence and talk about why. Teachers should guide students to pay attention to the language beauty of articles.
6. What are the differences between this article about bridges and "Chinese Stone Arch Bridge"?
7. Can you describe the most beautiful bridge you have ever seen?
The last question is an open question. Students can say as much as they can. The teacher cannot force it.
This article is an explanatory essay. The beauty of bridges can actually be regarded as the beauty of life. Isolated and monotonous things are difficult to constitute beauty, and life has its ups and downs and many changes. Perhaps this is the inspiration of universal significance that we can get from it.