Jia Dao went to Beijing (Chang 'an) for an exam. One day, riding a donkey, walking and reciting poetry, suddenly two words:
"Birds inhabit trees by the pool, and monks push the moon down the door."
Jia Dao thinks these two sentences are not bad. But I don't think the word "push" in the next sentence is good enough: since the door under the moon should have been closed at night, I'm afraid it can't be pushed open, it's better to change it to "the monk knocks at the door under the moon". Thinking of this, he repeatedly said "the monk pushes …" and "the monk knocks …", and his right hand unconsciously followed the performance: he stretched out his hand for a while, and then raised his hand to knock. At this time, Han Yu, a famous literary giant, "Jing" and "assistant minister of the official department" happened to pass by here, and then held a ceremonial ceremony, crowding round. According to the rules at that time, pedestrians must avoid when big officials pass by, otherwise they will commit crimes. Jia Dao was lost in his own poems at this moment, but he didn't realize it. When he approached, it was too late to escape. He was immediately caught by the police officers and brought to Han Yuma. When Han Yu asked why, he not only didn't blame Jia Dao, but praised his serious creative attitude. Regarding the words "push" and "knock", Han Yu hesitated for a moment and said, "knock" is better. "
So they rode side by side and talked about some questions about poetry writing. Since then, we have been friends.
The idiom "thoughtful" came into being because of this story. Later, it was called "scrutiny", which described the repeated study of words and the careful use of words.
Jia Dao's above poem, see "Li Ning Ju You", is five laws, and the whole poem is as follows:
Living in seclusion with few neighbors, grass enters the wasteland.
Birds are freely perched in the trees by the pool, and monks are knocking at the door.
Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks.
I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date.
Su Shi is closely related to Buddhism. Su Shi's contact with Buddhism can be traced back to his youth at least. Su Shi's poem said: "Jun (Su Zhe) followed my teacher's grave and was funded by Sakyamuni." Two books after the Postscript of Luancheng Volume XXI and Bai Letian Collection also said that he "learned to read the scriptures and meditate", while Su Dongpo had a special liking for Zen, which had a far-reaching and enduring influence. The unhindered and fatalistic life philosophy of Zen enabled Su Dongpo to maintain an unimpeded, positive and optimistic belief in all kinds of hardships. Therefore, he has a high reputation for Zen in "Dongpo lay man stays in Longguang for a while": "The two shots of Longguang bamboo won are held by ten thousand people in Lingbei. A drop of grass in the bamboo rises to the 18 beaches of the Xijiang River. "
Su Dongpo made extensive friends with Zen masters all his life, and many Zen masters kept close relations with him. Suzhou and Hangzhou are Su Dongpo's second hometown, where he lived for seven or eight years. Suzhou and Hangzhou not only have beautiful scenery and developed economy, but also have outstanding people and talented Zen masters. Su Dongpo forged a deep friendship with them. He once said, "There are many monks in Wu Yue who meditate, and those who do good deeds are often nineteen" (Dongpo Zhi Lin, Volume II). This is not brave words. The Zen masters Su Dongpo met in Suzhou and Hangzhou are Qingshun, Shouquan, Zhongshu, Daozhen, Kejiu, Chuiyun, Sicong, Huisi, Huailian, Shanben and Daorong. Thanks to Dongpo's constant wisdom and the inspiration of all his monks and friends, his understanding of Buddhism was by going up one flight of stairs, and the wonderful things they left behind became an eternal story. Among them, many cases between Dongpo and Fo Yin Zen Master are the most widely spread in later generations. ...
Fo Yin was born in a rich family, and later became a monk because of the emperor's will. Su Dongpo met Fo Yin when he moved to Huzhou and crossed Jinshan. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou and began to read a lot of Buddhist classics, thus establishing a closer friendship with Fo Yin.
One day, two people were traveling together in Hangzhou. Dongpo saw a steep mountain peak and asked Jackson Fo Yin, "What is this mountain?"
Fo Yin said, "This is Feilai Peak."
Su Dongpo said, "Since I'm here, why not fly?"
Fo Yin said: "It is better to be quiet than to move."
Dongpo asked again, "Why be quiet?"
Fo Yin said, "You are safe when you come."
Later, when they arrived at Tianzhu Temple, Su Dongpo saw the Guanyin Bodhisattva in the temple holding a rosary, and asked Fo Yin, "Since Guanyin Bodhisattva is a Buddha, why does she still hold a rosary? What do you mean? "
Fo Yin said: "rosary is only used to recite Buddha."
Dongpo asked again, "What is the name of the Buddha?"
Fo Yin said, "It's just the Buddha's name of Guanyin Bodhisattva."
Dongpo asked again, "He is Guanyin himself. Why does he want to read his own Buddha name? "
Fo Yin replied, "That's because asking for help is better than asking for help! . "
One day, Fo Yin's Zen master went to the altar, and Su Dongpo heard that he also attended. The seats are full, and there are no vacancies. When the Zen master saw Su Dongpo, he said, "Everyone is full. There is no room for bachelors here. "
Dongpo immediately replied to the Zen master: "Since there is no place to sit here, I will take the Zen master's four or five aggregates as my seat."
The Zen master said, "Bachelor! I have a question for you. If you can answer, then the body of my old monk is your seat. If you can't answer, then your jade belt will stay in this temple as a souvenir. " Su Dongpo agreed.
Fo Yin, the Zen master, asked, "There are four empty spaces, but there are five aggregates. Where should a bachelor sit? "
Su Dongpo was speechless.
Color body consists of four fallacies. The lines are impermanent and fleeting, and we can't sit here without eternal reality.
Dongpo's jade belt was lost in Fo Yin Zen Master, and it is still preserved in Jinshan Temple.
On one occasion, Su Dongpo and Zen master Fo Yin traveled and walked together. Fo Yin suddenly said to Su Dongpo, "Your riding posture is very solemn, like a Buddha."
Su Dongpo replied, "You are wearing a black cassock and riding on a horse looks like cow dung."
Fo Yin said with a smile, "What comes out of my mouth is Buddha, and what comes out of your mouth is dung."
The waiter couldn't help laughing when he heard the conversation.
In the eyes of the enlightened, both Buddha and cow dung are self-pure. Dongpo and Zen master Fo Yin often echo each other, laughing and cursing, solving cases and teaching future generations.
When people talk about Su Dongpo and Zen, they like to list his legendary stories with Fo Yin, but they ignore that Su Dongpo wrote many poems about Buddhism and Zen. These poems are beautiful, unique and insightful. It can be seen that Su Dongpo is a man of true cultivation. Otherwise, you won't be demoted four times, and you can still maintain an optimistic and heroic attitude towards life.
The great Zen master in ancient times also affirmed Dongpo's enlightenment, for example, the great Hui Gaozong Zen master gave a high affirmation. Bai Zi, one of the four eminent monks in the late Ming Dynasty, even thought that Su Dongpo's writings had opportunities for enlightenment everywhere. As long as you understand the mystery in the poem, you can be enlightened like "boiling the snow". Master Gong Li, a contemporary monk in Taiwan Province Province, also said: "Su Dongpo is an enlightened person, but few people can understand!"
After the Song Dynasty, many of Su Dongpo's poems were regarded as works of post-enlightenment by many Zen masters, such as the famous three poems of Lushan Mountain.
"Wangling side is the peak, and the distance is different;
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I'm only in this mountain. "
"Lushan misty rain Zhejiang tide, not to hate;
We'll be fine when we get there. It's misty and rainy in Lushan Mountain, Zhejiang Province. "
"The sound of the stream is a long tongue, and the mountain is unclean;
When the night comes to 84 thousand, how will you mention yourself like a man tomorrow? "