Creative background:
This poem was written by Du Fu in Qin Zhou in the autumn of 759 AD. In September this year, during the Anshi Rebellion, An Lushan and Shi Siming led troops from Fan Yang to the south, captured Bianzhou and entered Luoyang in the west. Shandong and Henan are at war. At that time, Du Fu's younger brothers were scattered in this area, and because of the war, there was no communication, which made him feel intense anxiety and yearning.
Thoughts and feelings:
During the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu was displaced from place to place, suffering hardships and worrying about the country and the people, which was really filled with emotion. As long as you touch it gently, many things will flow out from the bottom of the pen together, so the common theme of homesickness is written out by sadness and frustration.
Memories of Brother Du Fu in the Moonlight Night of Tang Dynasty
The drums of the defenders cut off people's communication, and a lonely goose was singing in autumn in the frontier.
The dew turns to frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!
Brothers are scattered, and no one can ask about life and death.
Letters sent to Luoyang city are often not delivered, and wars often do not stop.
Translation:
The drums on the garrison building cut off people's communication. In autumn, a lonely goose is singing.
Starting from tonight, I entered the Millennium solar term, and the moon in my hometown is still the brightest.
Brothers are scattered, and life and death are homeless.
Letters sent to Luoyang city are often not delivered, not to mention frequent wars.
The first verse of this poem is abrupt and untidy. The title is Moonlit Night, but the author did not start from the moonlit night, but first described a picture of Autumn in Frontier fortress: "Wanderers smell drums to herald battles, and geese sing autumn colors." Write down what you see when the road is broken; Look at the drums and geese, and write down what you hear. It's sad to see and hear. The heavy and monotonous drums and the lonely geese on the horizon not only did not bring a trace of vitality, but made the already desolate frontier fortress more desolate and silent. "Broken Pedestrian" points out the social environment, indicating that wars are still frequent and fierce, and roads are blocked. The two poems play up a strong sad atmosphere and point out the background of "moonlit night".
Parallel connection point. "He knows the dew will be frost tonight" not only describes the scenery, but also points out the season. It was on the night of the Millennium Festival. It's clear and full of dew, which makes people feel chilly. "The moonlight at home is how bright!" It is also a landscape painting, but it is slightly different from the previous sentence. What the author writes is not completely objective, but incorporates his own subjective feelings. It's a bright moon in the world, and it makes no difference. Determined to say that the moon in my hometown is the brightest; It is obviously the author's own psychological illusion, so we must be so sure, there is no doubt about it. However, this technique of taking illusion as truth makes people feel reasonable, because it profoundly shows the author's subtle psychology and highlights his feelings for his hometown. These two sentences are also very skillful in refining sentences. All they want to say is "tonight is white" and "the moon in my hometown". Only by changing the word order, the tone is particularly vigorous and powerful.
The last two couplets are written casually, which seems to have nothing to do with remembering my brother, but they are not. Not only writing "Looking Back at the Moon", but also listening to drums, geese and cold dew make the author feel sad and nostalgic. Therefore, I remember every word of my brother, and every word is affectionate.
The transition from full moon to lyricism is very natural. Moonlight often makes people daydream, and it is easier to evoke homesickness. The poet has a special taste in his heart today, far away from chaos, on this cold moonlit night. Where will you go? Anxiety is mixed with melancholy, and the tone is particularly painful. "Oh, my brothers, lost and scattered, what is my life without you?" The last sentence said that the two brothers are separated and live far apart; The next sentence says that home is gone, life and death are unpredictable, heartbreaking and touching. These two poems also summarize the common experiences of people in the An Shi Rebellion.
The caudal and cervical joints further express inner worries. Relatives are scattered everywhere, but they often don't send books at ordinary times, not to mention frequent wars and unpredictable life and death. Implication, infinite affection.
The whole poem is well organized, coordinated from beginning to end, with distinct levels and rigorous structure. If you don't fight, you will have, if you don't go, you will remember your brother when you look at the moon, if you are homeless, you will not be able to deliver books, and if you leave, your life and death will be unknown. Homesickness and homesickness are sad and depressing.