The poem is divided into five sections. According to the "Northern Expedition", that is, the journey from Fengxiang, the seat of the imperial court, to Zhangzhou, the seat of Du Fu's family, Meng En's anxiety when he returned home to visit relatives and bid farewell to the imperial court was described in turn. What I saw on my way home and the feelings caused by it; When I go home, I will be reunited with my wife and children. Concerned about the domestic national situation, put forward suggestions on how to borrow the Uighur army; Finally, he reviewed the gratifying changes of the imperial court after the Anshi Rebellion, and expressed his confidence in the future of the country and his expectation for Su Zongzhongxing. This poem, like the letters in the above table, states the date, year and month. I would like to call it "Minister Fu", and I will abide by the Minister's Day and be loyal to my feelings. Let's talk about the anxiety of leaving the job, the impression of the journey, and the situation at home, not to mention the gains and losses of national policies, and sum up the hymn. This kind of structure conforms to etiquette, fulfills the duty of admonition, and is logical, but it sees beauty and thorns. It is not difficult for readers to see that the poet adopted Chen Qingbiao's thought because of his ideological accomplishment of "serving Confucianism and guarding officials" and his creative requirement of "never leaving his false body", which also reflected his deep feelings of solidarity with the country and the people.
"Gan Kun is scarred, when will you worry?" Sad to break mountains and rivers, deeply worried about people's livelihood, this is the theme repeatedly lamented by the whole poem, and it is also the main feature of the poet's self-image. When the poet set foot on his way home in the boundless twilight, he deeply realized that the country was in danger and there was no leisure in the ruling and opposition parties. A loyal exhorter should not leave his post, which is also against his own heart. Therefore, he was worried, uneasy and in a trance. It is because of his concern for the country and people that he crossed fields, climbed hills and crossed the battlefield at night. He saw the reality of war trauma and suffering, thought of the ups and downs of life, and worried about the mistakes of generals and the suffering of the people. In a word, he was devastated, worried, anxious, and had a difficult road. He deeply hopes that the emperor and the court can understand all this and learn this lesson. So after he returned to China, although he enjoyed family reunion, he realized the bitterness of a feudal scholar-bureaucrat in the war years. He can't forget the days when he was detained by the rebels in Chang 'an, but he still cares about state affairs, considers policy gains and losses, and is eager to get a dinner for you. It can be seen that the theme that runs through the whole poem is worrying about the country and the people, and the image of the poet is mainly such a loyal feudal scholar-bureaucrat who cares about the country and the people.
"In Taoyuan, Myanmar, I feel sorry for my poor life experience." The poet thinks that Taoyuan people avoid troubled times and deeply sighs that life experiences are difficult. This is a personal emotion interwoven with the theme of worrying about the country and the people, and it is also an important feature of the poet's self-image. Emperor Su Zong asked him to go home to visit relatives, but in fact he refused and left him in the cold. The poet knows this, but he has no choice but to express his feelings. He described, discussed and described the extraordinary privilege of the emperor's return: being able to have leisure to visit relatives and enjoy the autumn scenery at the time of national disaster and casualties, and being fortunate to have a family reunion. All this violates his patriotism and love for the people, making him laugh and cry, embarrassed and embarrassed. Therefore, when he saw the wild fruits clustered on the mountain, he couldn't help feeling that the rain and dew were together, but the fruits were bitter and sweet. Life is the same in the world, but the safety experience is different; He himself is determined to choose the difficult road and suffer for it. So when he came home, the poet saw his wife and children's impoverished life, hungry and thin figure, realized the thoughtfulness of his wife and beloved son, and the innocent girl in front of his father, and recalled all kinds of experiences since he left home to rush into the disaster, so he couldn't help turning a bitter taste into the joy of life and gathering. Here, another kind of situation and personality of the poet, the image of a poor and caring little civilian, is vividly displayed.
"Huang Huang Taizong Industry has established a great reputation!" I firmly believe that the foundation of the Tang Dynasty is solid, and I hope that Tang Suzong can be revived. This is the ideological belief and aspiration that runs through the whole poem, and it is also the poet's political position and starting point. Therefore, although he faced up to the bitter reality of national wars and people's casualties, although he was treated with rejection and neglect, and although his family lived a cold and hungry life, he did not lose heart because of this, let alone escape from reality, but insisted on the righteousness and the overall situation. Encouraged by the improvement of the situation, he actively thought about the gains and losses of decision-making, carefully reviewed the historical development after the incident, emphatically pointed out that the incident caused the treacherous court official to swing and analyze, enthusiastically praised the loyal minister's achievements in eliminating traitors, expressed the people's patriotic will, and praised the national foundation laid by Emperor Taizong, thus showing his ardent expectations for Tang Suzong to revitalize the country. Due to the limitation of class and times, the poet's social ideal is only to restore the achievements of Emperor Taizong and beautify Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, without mentioning Tang Suzong at all. However, it should be admitted that the poet's patriotic thoughts and sentiments have reached the height of the times and stood in the forefront of the times.
To sum up, this long narrative poem is actually a political lyric poem. He is a loyal feudal scholar-bureaucrat who cares about the country and the people, a civilian who struggles for life and cares about his family and the people, and a patriotic Long song who upholds the righteousness and takes care of the overall situation. From the artistic point of view, it is natural and appropriate to write mainly by fu, because it not only expresses emotions and ambitions through narration, but also clearly expresses ideological tendencies. Indeed, like an article by Chen Qingbiao, it is eloquent and Long song sighs. However, it is realistic and well-founded. From the beginning to the end, what I saw and heard, pointed to things one by one, and commented on them, that is, on-site lyric, which gave full play to the advantages of Fu and embodied the content. However, in order to express thoughts and feelings more vividly, and because some thoughts and feelings are not suitable for direct expression, various metaphor methods are flexibly used in the poem, even if the narrative is vivid and meaningful, it will not be boring; It also makes the language concise and compact, avoiding procrastination. For example, when the poet climbed the mountain, he described the spring eyes of soldiers drinking horses, the terrain of Zhangzhou countryside, and the sudden "tiger" and "pale cliff", which contained feelings and sustenance, and readers themselves could understand it. Another example is that the poet summed up the counter-insurgency situation at that time by observing the astronomical phenomena, which is actually a kind of competition. The weather is getting better, it is necessary to dissipate, and it is suddenly enlightened, indicating that the rebels have failed; However, the arrival of the evil wind shows the poet's attitude towards the Uighur army. By analogy, if you use straight Chen, it will be complicated and poetic, which is no different from chapter and table. Therefore, the poet's method of giving priority to Fu and combining metaphor with interest is just suitable for expressing the grand historical content contained in this poem, and also shows the poet's extremely high talent and skillful skills in poetic art, which is enough to write such a "deep, depressed and frustrated" Chen Qingbiao with poetic genre. Zhu Po's Poems: Han Tui's "South of the City" says: "Red corrugated eaves tiles, yellow leisure are door scales" ...... It looks like two things without names, which makes people think, such as walking in the autumn night or walking in the village. Park Shao-ling's poem "Northern Expedition" said: "It is either red as cinnabar or black as lacquer." This also means that the fence you see falling in autumn and winter is quite labor-saving than returning it.
Shilin Shihua: Long stories are the most difficult. Before Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were no ten rhymes in poetry. Guy often makes people go against their will and doesn't throw himself into the narrative at first. To Lao Du's Shu Huai and Northern Expedition, the writing style is very poor, such as The Biography of Taishigong Gong Ji, which is a masterpiece in ancient and modern times.
Tangzi's Record of Western Literature: The ancient authors didn't intend to make words at first, so-called things happen for a reason. For example, in Du Zimei's Northern Expedition, it is also true that "red as vermilion, or black as lacquer, rain and dew are wet, bitter and bitter". Articles are like writers' books.
Chuancun Poetry: Nan Shan written by Han Tui is modeled after Du Fu's Northern Expedition.
Cold Zhai Night Talk: The poem "Beizheng" knows the monarch and ministers in general. Loyalty and righteousness, fighting for autumn colors, is also commendable.
Qian Xi Shi Yan: Sun Xin always said that Lao Du's poem "Northern Expedition" was better than his poem "Nanshan". Wang Pingfu defeated the Northern Expedition with the poem Nanshan, but he could not agree. At that time, there were few valleys, so he said, "If you are skillful, the northern expedition is not as good as Nanshan;" If the events of the book generation are reflected in the national style, elegance and praise, then the Northern Expedition is essential, while Nanshan is not exhausted, but it is harmless. " The theory of these two people has been decided.
Yang Qiuyun: ... Du Fu said that "Tianwu and Zifeng are upside down in bean brown", and both of them cleverly talked about the poor.
Liu Yun: Long poems are indispensable. There is another cloud: when you are upset, take your time with the wind. This is a great interest (under the sentence "Everyone is happy in Qingyun"). Liu Yun: The spirit of the "Northern Expedition" has been fully demonstrated. Why can't others talk about their embarrassment, and they are ashamed to talk about it ("How can we talk about physiology after years in a hut?" For a while.
Poetry: DUZH's Northern Expedition and Shu Huai are all long narratives. However, the highest person still has the legacy of Han people, and the flat person is Yuan. It starts with nothing.
The return of Tang poetry: Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: Just like writing, it is very old and qualitative (under Du Zi's sentence). Entering the journey afterwards is the second best thing. Often running around in sadness and silence, he has a very carefree attitude and looks at the scenery carefully (under the sentence of "still life"). The next paragraph says that beginners' wives and concubines don't feel sad or happy, don't laugh or cry, don't swallow or spit, are not busy or idle, and they are hard to say in their mouths and can be seen in their eyes (under the sentence of "complement"). Four sentences is already a charming poem (under the "messy" sentence). Children's voices can't say, and they suddenly enter the "supreme dust" paragraph, which should be the meaning of the first paragraph, and they are deeply worried. Who believes in hunger and poverty, has this idea! His writing style is fantastic, and if there is concern, if there is no concern, if there is no episode, if there is an episode, it is unpredictable (under the "supreme" sentence).
Liu Chenweng said, "Let's suffer together and bear fruit together", which is naturally indispensable for a long speech. Even a few words of "disability as a foreign body", I was worried enough to stab the wind calmly and my interest increased greatly. Wu Shanmin said: Nature and magic are simple; Describe the itinerary and the real scenery is nuanced. "Make-up can also solve color" ("bud" is called "color"). It's funny to see this old-fashioned diligence! After all the hardships, I suddenly wrote a scene to watch. Several people clapped their hands and fell down. Very handsome knot.
Du Yi: Changli's Nanshan rhymes like a poem; Shaoling's "The Northern Expedition" is a poem, but he can't help it. ..... "Nanshan" is exquisitely crafted, grotesque, unique, and outstanding in ancient and modern times. However, it is indispensable, indispensable, and it is very hard to learn, and it is not necessary to learn. It has never been divorced from the habits of literati. The Northern Expedition is an elegant song, and there were many poets in ancient times. That is to say, Han Zhi's "going to Jiangling" and "sending three bachelors" can be regarded as a wild goose.
Tang Poetry Express: The beauty of brushwork is unprecedented in ancient and modern times (under the sentence "boundless"). Very good at drawing (under the sentence "I can do it")! There is also this leisure to dye, which shows the beauty of words (under the sentence of "Dance of Heaven"). The situation is as shown in the figure (under the sentence "ask questions"). Long and tearful, dripping with tears, suddenly the child is gurgling, and suddenly the old man is pouring water, which looks like Sao, history and monument. As Fu Weng said, it is as good as "elegance" and "ode".
Du Shijie: The whole poem of the Northern Expedition relies on his sudden change of pen to make abrupt sentences, which is unique. "Gu Yan" ("Gu Yan") is a painting in Pingyuan. It is written that the realm is not far, but it is not close. It is within reach, and it is not done overnight. That's great. Suddenly turned out the "supreme", abrupt gesture (under the "supreme" four sentences). The words "bleak" and "lonely" are wonderful, evil and extremely useful (under these four sentences).
Chu Bai' an's poetry criticism: orderly romantic, neither fish nor fowl, lesbian miscellaneous, straightforward. I don't know why, the feelings of home and country, mixed feelings of sadness and joy, accompanied him to grow up and become an ancient prose, independent and even.
"The Biography of Teachers and Friends": (Wang Shizhen answered) The May 7th speech has two bodies: pastoral hills and valleys, learning from Tao Wei; Feelings of bedding, when learning Du Zimei's "Northern Expedition" and other articles.
Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties: It has the power to drive out heaven and earth, and it is a method of comparing words with things. Comparing things with things definitely does not occupy space. Unprecedented, self-contained five words, have to be a great sandwich. The person who asks about the family is the master of things; Those who are angry and dangerous are the masters of meaning. From the emperor, Taizong knot Love is on the line, hope to save it, have a spine, and be loyal to it. The feeling on the road, the sadness and joy of getting home, the trivial details, the extravagance and the poor feelings will never be lost. Yan Yu said that Li Du's poems are like golden pheasants breaking the sea, crossing the river like incense, overlooking the suburban island generation, and there are insects singing among the grass, otherwise! ..... After the middle Tang Dynasty, only Li Shangyin's poem "Western Suburb" had this kind of wind power, and few people knew it. Li Yindu said: its talent is overwhelming, its strength is overwhelming, its dignity is extremely dignified, its triviality is extremely trivial, its complexity is like a thousand households, and its simplicity and sadness urge the column. Yuan Henan said that it has a generation of ups and downs, which is in the same strain as abundance, elegance and praise. Can be described as literacy.
Tang Poetry: A famous travel note (under the sentence "I am good"). What I see below is a terrible scene (under the eight sentences of "ostrich"). When I got home, I talked about trivial things. From the poem Dongshan, I realized that "there is a bitter gourd, and the black is in the chestnut salary" (under the six sentences of the Chart). When I got home, I felt sad and happy, but the lyrics had not been written yet. Suddenly, I entered the "supreme dust" and suddenly had a sudden connection. Others don't have this kind of pen power (under the six sentences of "supreme") "Emperor" and "Taizong" knot, acceptable (under the four sentences of Yuanling). Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, there has been no such thing, and Shaoling has been written specially, which is the poet's first big article.
Zhang Shang Ruoyun: Any writing that is extremely urgent and busy, and tends to convey the spirit in extremely unimportant and idle places, is the method of "the setting sun shines again", and only old Du Can does so. For example, in the passage of Qingyun and Youshi, others are not extensive in business and practice, so why bother? This fairy is different. Liu Yun: "Don't smell the decline of summer sounds, praise yourself." Don't talk about Zhou, don't talk about my sister's happiness. This ancient prose is too wonderful to make mistakes. Since stereotyped writing prevailed, no one has solved this method. After all this time, the situation is still complicated and can't be solved. The so-called "there are good and bad articles" is also true.
"Idle Garden Poem": This poem has a large pen, a fine pen, a spare pen, a police pen, a pen, a pen, a change and a spirit. If you can't change your pen, the situation will be smooth. It's really lengthy.
Comments on Shi Chao Shi Ba: Zhang Yun: This is similar to the sentence "Walking on the battlefield at night". As far as you can see on the road, it's best to show the charm of Fengshen Xiaosa (under the sentence "It's still black"). Zhang Yun: This passage tells the story of my return home, which is full of fun and artistic conception (under the sentence of "upside down").
Servant Poems: Ode to the Past and Northern Expedition are two ancient rhyming poems, which were developed by Wen Xi's Sorrow. Future generations have no such talent, knowledge, situation, support, and can't make decisions. However, it doesn't matter if the sun opens and the yin closes. Extremely increase your writing ability, read it a hundred times and get what you want.
An Outline of Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties: "wuyue: In his grief, he suddenly turned to something quiet and pleasant. This is called the change of discipline (under the sentence" Qingyun "). Jiang Yue: Suddenly, the power of thousands of people (under the sentence of "New Return"): I suddenly entered current affairs, and my pen power was unparalleled (under the word "Supreme"). Wuyue: From this moment to the end, the momentum is like a rainbow, full of vitality (under the "miserable" sentence). Wuyue: The weather is amazing, and language has the potential to pull out of the earth (under 12 sentences in the ILO).