Since the early Tang Dynasty, paying attention to the close aspects of rhythmic rhetoric has been integrated with the ancient style of expressing bold feelings, and rhythm and lyric complement each other, reaching the perfect state of "paying equal attention to temperament and character" and becoming the symbol of the formation of poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Section 1 Landscape poets such as Wang Wei and Meng Haoran
1. Memory: Wang Wei's life.
Wang Wei, Chinese characters and strokes. He was also an official and a hermit. He was gradually promoted in his later years, but he had no intention of career honor or disgrace.
Understanding: The artistic features of Wang Wei's pastoral poems and his Autumn in the Mountains.
The pastoral poems of Wang Wei, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, created the poetic scene of Ming Xiu, in which there are paintings in poems and poems in paintings.
One. Completely integrate the beauty of nature with the beauty of artistic conception, and create a pure and beautiful poetic realm that is inseparable like a hidden mirror flower.
Two. The beauty of ethereal tranquility is the crystallization of Wang Wei's pastoral poems. He is good at capturing the light and color of natural things in dynamics, and shows extremely rich colors and layering in his poems.
In the fresh, quiet and vibrant natural landscape, the poet feels the endless fun of life, and the spirit sublimates to the ethereal and clear realm. The beauty of nature and the beauty of artistic conception are completely integrated, creating a pure and beautiful poetic realm that is inseparable like a hidden mirror.
Simple application: the influence of Zen on Wang Wei's poems and the ethereal and quiet beauty of his secluded poems. Twenty poems in Wang Wei's Collection of Wangchuan.
The spiritual realm of meditation wisdom has a great influence on the creation of landscape poets such as Wang Wei. When they are used to the quiet nature as the object of meditation and rest, so that the creation of landscape poems has a unique vision, Zen is often expressed through the realm of poetry.
Linked with the experience of meditation, Wang Weiduo likes to write about the feeling of sitting alone, combining the silence of meditation with the aesthetic experience of mountains and rivers, and reflecting the quiet Zen in the description of Qing Hui.
The famous Twenty Poems of Wangchuan is a group of poems written by Wang Wei when he lived in seclusion in Wangchuan in his later years. It reveals the poet's feelings of self-indulgence and loneliness, and makes people feel a peaceful state of mind completely free from worldly fatigue. Only the intuitive impression of loneliness and synaesthesia makes the beauty of nature hard to say.
2. Remembering: Meng Haoran's life.
Never be an official. He was invited to Chang 'an to make friends with Wang Wei, Zhang Jiuling and others, and began to make friends with many poets.
Interpretation: The artistic features of Meng Haoran's landscape poems, as well as his Dongting Lake for Prime Minister Zhang, Xiao Chun and Sleeping in Jiande.
Natural plainness is the style feature of Meng Haoran's landscape poems.
A Gift from Dongting Lake to Prime Minister Zhang has a sense of luxury. The realm of poetry is vast and the momentum is growing.
"Chunxiao" is about the feeling of Chunxiao, improvisation and carving. Poetic language is natural and pure, which is reflected in the program.
Night Sleeping in Jiande describes the "guest worries" of boating at sunset, which constitutes a plain and clear poetic realm in Ming Xiu.
Simple application: The style of Meng Haoran's landscape poems is plain and natural, and he works hard without seeking work.
One. Landscape pastoral poetry is close to life, and words such as "Yu" and "I" often appear in poetry.
Two. His boat songs give people the feeling of washing the secular, purifying emotions, pure language and poetic Ming Xiu, and show the beauty of indifferent and pure landscape to the fullest.
Three. Natural plainness is the style feature of Meng Haoran's landscape poems. Although there are neat even sentences in his poems, which are carefully described and carefully used, they are not intended to be a model mountain, but words that come to mind at the moment.
Four. Poems are mostly written in a single line, with one breath muddy and no trace of description; Beauty flows away naturally, diluting leisure, and working without looking for a job.
Different features of Wang Wei's and Meng Haoran's pastoral poems.
Although both Wang Wei and Meng Haoran are representative writers of pastoral poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, their creation and artistic style are different because of their different living environment and temperament.
One. Wang Wei's pastoral poems have ethereal beauty, creating a poetic scene of Ming Xiu with "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". Pursuing the realm of "no self", loneliness. Meng Haoran's pastoral poems are plain and natural, and do not seek work. Closer to one's own life, words such as "Yu" and "I" often appear in poems. The description of scenery in poems is often a part of his living environment, which has the characteristics of improvisation and real carving.
Two. Meng Haoran's poetic language is natural, pure and beautiful, which seems to be more simple than Wang Wei's poems and closer to the realm of Tao Yuanming's extravagant poems.
Three. Wang Wei's folk songs are good at expressing the quiet beauty of empty mountains, while Meng Haoran's boat songs show the indifferent and pure beauty of mountains and rivers.
In the second quarter, William Wang, Wang Changling, Cui Ying and other heroic poets
1. Memories: William Wang and his two Liangzhou poems.
William Wang was an early scholar among the heroic poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and his life was very dissolute after he became an official. Poetry is extremely vigorous and powerful, full of wine and broad-minded writing.
2. Memorization: Wang Changling and his four-line poem "Out of the fortress", one of the two (Qin Guan He Guan).
Wang Changling, a heroic poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poem is great.
Understanding: Wang Changling's frontier poems and his poem Seven Joining the Army.
His works are either bold and handsome or thoughtful. Because Wang is generous, seven words are longer than five words; And profound thinking, pay attention to practice, but also suitable for short chapters rather than long chapters. In order to make up for the limitations of the text, he created a series of seven poems, that is, seven poems for joining the army. This group of poems is clear and meaningful. When it is combined with heroism, it is even more tragic and passionate. Clear and firm, soft and healthy, vigorous and strong, are the divine products in the seven unique rules.
Understanding: Wang Changling's gift is another poem "Parting Xin Jian at Furong Inn".
After being demoted, his mood changed. Influenced by the scenery of Wang, Meng and the south, his poetry style in his later years tended to be elegant and lively, but there was still a clear and bright voice. Farewell to Xin Jian in Furong Inn writes about his thoughts by sending friends away, and describes his nobility by saying "Bing Xin is in the jade pot", with implicit meaning and distinctive style.
Simple use: Wang Changling is the epitome of the four great wonders.
One. Frontier poems are extraordinary. In addition, he also wrote a series of poems about frontier affairs, namely, the famous Seven Musts of Joining the Army. It is a masterpiece in the four-line chapter.
Two. Farewell poems are also excellent. In his later years, the poetic style tends to be simple and lively, but there is still a clear and hearty tone.
Three. The works about women's life are also excellent.
Four. Wang Changling, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, is a master who specializes in the Four Musts. No matter what theme he writes and what feelings he expresses, his style is diversified. No matter whether he is high-pitched and cheerful, depressed and sad, vigorous and ups and downs, or cold and sad, there is always a pure and beautiful beauty. There is always a pure beauty in his seven wonders.
3. Memory: Cui Ying and his poem The Yellow Crane Tower.
Cui Hao is known as "talented without scholar". The symbol of his poetic style change is the poem Yellow Crane Tower.
Simple application: Cui Ying's poem The Yellow Crane Tower is regarded as the representative work of the Seven Laws of Tang Dynasty.
Although this poem is not very harmonious, it is a variant of the law poem, but it is known as the masterpiece of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty. Cain's author used swaying ancient songs to enter the dharma. This ingenious and clumsy structural system, which is both archaic and rhythmic, not only facilitates the expression of heroic spirit, but also makes harmonious sentences more clear and obscure, forming a superb poetic realm with high artistic conception.
4. Memory: Li Qi and his frontier poem "An Ancient Warsong". I'm not proud of my career. This poem reveals extreme desolation and sadness.
5. Memorize: Li Jie's poem "Listen to Dong Playing the Clarinet".
Describe the bitterness and sadness in Hu voice. The tragic temperament of the north is successfully combined with the mysterious and strange taste of the south, creating a poetic artistic conception that is beautiful, mysterious and powerful.
Section III Frontier Poets such as Gao Shi and Cen Can
1. Memories: Gao Shi's life, frontier fortress shogunate experience and poetry creation.
Gao Shi, the word Duff. I had a hard life in my early years and had a curtain call experience. Later, he was the only poet who was appointed as a senior official in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Most of his frontier poems were written during the frontier fortress trip and the curtain. Most of them are seven-character poems or long-form five-character poems, which combine cutting-edge knowledge, observation and thinking with fame and ambition. They are calm and desolate with reason, but their tone is impassioned.
Understanding: The ideological, emotional and artistic features of Gao Shi's frontier fortress poem Ge Yanxing.
The thoughts and feelings expressed in Ge Yanxing are extremely complicated, both praising the heroic spirit of the man who thinks he is running wild in the world and deeply sympathizing with the pain brought by the war to the families of conscripts. On the one hand, it is a tribute to the soldiers' fighting and selfless spirit, on the other hand, it is a dissatisfaction with the general's crowing before the account. Although this poem uses a lot of parallel prose, it is not famous for its gorgeous literary talent, but for its ups and downs, heroic temperament and powerful strength.
Simple application: Gao Shi's frontier poems are characterized by style, temperament, generosity and tragic, and winning by strength.
One. Gao Shi's frontier poems are written according to the poet's actual life experience in frontier fortress, and most of them use long-tune five-character ancient poems, which are desolate and sad, but the tone is impassioned. His generosity and pride in frontier work often make his poems look vigorous and powerful.
Two. Gao Shi's poems are full of chest language, spirit and backbone. His quatrains related to joining the frontier fortress are also dignified and magnificent.
2. Memory: Cen Can's life, frontier life and poetry creation.
Cen Can's two trips to the northwest frontier are the most significant feats in his life. The poems written in The Second Frontier are all representative works of his frontier poems. Characteristics of poetry creation: strange language and strange meaning.
Interpretation: The Journey to the West, the representative work of Cen Can's frontier poems, and his artistic style.
Snowy night, the wind roared, flying sand and stones. The terrible climate environment in these frontier deserts has become a spectacular scenery that sets off heroism in the poet's impression, and it is a wonderful beauty worthy of appreciation.
Simple application: the artistic features of Song of Snow, the representative poem of frontier fortress.
This poem is full of strange feelings, the most magical is the image of "pear flower", which is the illusion that snowflakes turn into pear flowers. It not only embodies the optimistic spirit of the soldiers guarding the border, but also makes the scenery at the border more magical and magnificent.
Comprehensive application: the different artistic expressions of Gao Shi and Cen Can's frontier poems: the reasons why Gao Shi and Cen Can called each other.
Display content difference:
One. Gao Shi reflects more practical problems than Cen Can. His poems surpass many contemporary poets in reflecting reality. His poems are full of emotion and powerful, with a tragic beauty.
Two. Cen Can's description of frontier fortress scenery and folk customs surpassed Gao Shi's. The poet enthusiastically praised his impression of military life, frontier fortress scenery and folk customs, and described the magic and magnificence, which greatly enriched and broadened the description theme and content range of frontier fortress poems.
Artistic differences:
One. Gao Shi combined his personal knowledge, observation and thinking with his fame and fortune ambition, with a sense of calm in desolation and sadness, but his tone was impassioned.
Two. Cen Can's poems are full of emotion, paying attention to feelings and impressions, romantic imagination, elegant description and feelings for the scenery.
Three. Gao Shi's seven-character songs mostly use regular sentences and parallel prose, but they win with ups and downs, deep temperament and strong bone strength. Cen Can's seven-character quatrains are full of ups and downs, and his posture is very flexible.
Reason: Both Gao and Cen were poets who were famous for frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. They have the same experience and similar poetic style. In Du Fu's poems, Gao and Cen were first called together, and later Yan Yu also called Gao and Cen together.
3. Memory: Wang Zhihuan and his poems in Heron Villa. Poetry and painting are magnificent, reflecting the lofty and cheerful minds of scholars in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Understanding: The artistic features of Wang Zhihuan's two Liangzhou poems (The Yellow River is far above the white clouds).
In the spectacular, it is sad, generous and bold, but restrained and affectionate, and its deep and vigorous place is similar to Gao Shi's poems.