Wei and Jin Dynasties: Lu Ji
Travel more, the mountains and rivers are vast.
Give full play to the policy of worshipping mountains and be peaceful and obedient.
I feel sleepy when I think about it at night.
He leaned against Song Yan, listening to the bell of hate.
The clear dew falls on Su Hui, and the bright moon shines brightly.
I can't sleep with a pillow and want to shake my clothes.
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This poem is about the scenery Lu Ji saw on his way to Luoyang and his own mood. But the writing is slightly different.
The whole poem is lyrical and tortuous, with concise and fluent sentences, beautiful and sad style, vivid image, profound implication, beautiful and moving, and endless charm.
"Travel more, mountains and rivers are wide. Zhen Ce Barachiel, the case is straight. " The first sentence is still very close to this poem. Lu Ji's journey from Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai), the hometown of Wuxian County, to Luoyang is, of course, "a long journey". All the way across Qian Shan, the mountains and rivers are so slender and broad. Sometimes the poet drives the horse up the hill with a whip, and sometimes he walks slowly on the grassy flat ground with a reins in his hand. From this mountain, this water, this mountain and this plain, we can imagine the hardships of the poet's long journey. Therefore, it not only describes the scenery along the way, but also reveals the poet's travel-stained suffering. However, the scenery in this poem is different from the last one. In the first ten sentences of Song of Eternal Sorrow, the scenery rhetoric along the way is exquisite and the layout is grand; There are only a few sentences in this poem, which has been forgotten. This meticulous and slightly written way makes people feel very unique.
"I hold a shadow at night and think about it." To rest at night is to sleep alone with a shadow, and to get up in the morning and go back on the road with sadness. Write the poet's loneliness, loneliness and sadness. These complex feelings are of course caused by the poet's yearning for his loved ones and nostalgia for his hometown, and are likely to be mixed with worries about the future. The previous poem said: "On a long road, we always stumble and sob to bid farewell to our loved ones. I'd like to ask my son what he is, because the whole world is going to treasure me. " Sobbing farewell to one's parents and obsessing over the "world network" should be the concrete content of this complex emotion. Liu Xizai's Outline of Literature and Art in Qing Dynasty said: "There were many literary talents in the Six Dynasties, but few elite talents. There are talented people, such as Lu Jiwen, and so are his poems. From his language, we can see the sentence "West". These two poems are not only neat in antithesis, but also very particular in the use of verbs "Bao" and "title", which are excellent sentences in Lu's poems.
"I leaned against the rock and listened to Mrs. Heng." After a long walk, I stopped to dismount and rest on the steep cliff, listening to the Thai voice. Here, further write the loneliness and hardship of the poet's journey. Resting on the rock, no one talks, only listening sideways is very peaceful, which shows his loneliness. Calling the autumn wind "hate Taiwan" depicts the autumn wind with the poet's emotional color, showing his melancholy mood. This detail in the poet's travel life reminds readers of the scenery along the way described in the previous poem: "The road is long, and the wild road is deserted. There are many mountains and rivers, and the forest is sleepy. Tiger roars at the bottom of the valley, and chickens crow at the top of the tree. In hentai, the night flows, and the solitary beast is in front of me. " The description of the empty and horrible atmosphere along this road helps readers to understand the loneliness and hardship of the poet.
"Clear dew falls, bright moon He Lang. I can't sleep on the pillow, but I want to shake my clothes. " It means: the night is dripping with white light, ah, how clear the moonlight is! Touching the pillow on the moon, I can't sleep, put on my clothes and daydream alone. This is a scene of staying overnight on the way. "Clear dew", elegant and clean, beautiful and simple, has been appreciated by predecessors. At the end, the sentence of "caressing the pillow" shows the poet's restless mood and has endless aftertaste. Lu Ji, a famous general of Wu State, has always been ambitious. He said in "Song of a Hundred Years": "When you stand at the age of 30, you will be successful, and you will be upset. You can carry the tripod and dry the clouds." Lu Jin's Biography said that he "was defeated, but his ambition was difficult." But when he was twenty years old, the state of Wu perished. In the tenth year of Taikang (289), I entered Romania with my brother. Whether its future is good or bad is difficult to predict, so his heart is uneasy and very uneasy.
Lu Ji said, "Poetry is beautiful because of love." (Wen Fu) This is the characteristic that poetry pays attention to lyricism and diction. This theory of poetic sentiment is different from the Confucian theory of poetic expression. In Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian thought that "non-poet's intention" (Volume 7 of Ancient Poetry Source) was actually a new change in poetry since Wei and Jin Dynasties. As an "English of Taikang" (Zhong Rong's Preface to Poetry), Lu Ji's poems have the characteristics of "the radical strategy is lofty and lofty, obeying rough cases", "lying in the shadows at night, thinking about the future", gorgeous rhetoric, steady duplex, "clear dew falling in plain splendor" and so on. Lu Ji's poems are good at refining language, writing scenes and expressing feelings, and have the artistic effect of blending scenes.
Creation background
Lu Ji's grandfather Lu Xun was the prime minister of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, and his father was a fu family. After the downfall of the State of Wu, he left his hometown of Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai) in Wu Xun County with his younger brother Lu Yun in the tenth year of Taikang (289), that is, at the age of 29. He wrote two poems, Going to Luo Dao Zhong Zuo, on his way to Luoyang.