First, the beauty of hollow plane form
The form of hollowing out comes from carving technology, which originally refers to carving graphics or characters that penetrate the material on the support. This technique was widely used in various artistic design fields in the later period, from two-dimensional plane decorative painting to three-dimensional landscape display device, from small packaging structure creativity to huge architectural appearance design, from traditional handicrafts to modern design daily necessities. The aesthetic value of hollowed-out form lies not only in the expression of materials, but also in its adherence to the law of formal beauty, the expression of formal aesthetic feeling of artistic works and the promotion of visual aesthetic height. The relationship between the picture and the bottom is the most basic content in graphic design. Let's discuss several forms of hollowing out the bottom of the picture in two-dimensional graphic visual modeling.
1. Relief hollowing out
In the hollow modeling of figures and bottoms, the first form of expression is to carve through the background of the work, that is, the bottom part. After through-carving, the image shows the visual effect of "hollowing out the positive line", and the preserved picture pattern elements show the contrast between square and circle, the big and small in shape, the sparse and dense in arrangement, the high and low, the far and near relationship, and the elements are also separated from each other. Compared with traditional graphic design, this form of expression is unique and aesthetic. Divide the surface area of the work so that the bottom of the picture is separated, the reserved part is the picture, and the cut part is the bottom. Part of the figure protrudes forward and the bottom is depressed backward, thus creating a relief aesthetic feeling.
2. Layered hollowing out
The second form of expression is to design the hollowed-out part into drawings, commonly known as "hollowed-out negative lines". Its specific operation method is to "cut" some parts of the plane, thus producing some decorative graphics and characters. Part of the picture is concave backward and the bottom is convex forward. The sense of superposition on the plane and the sense of visual depth bring a sense of space on the two-dimensional plane.
3. Empty the actual situation
The third technique is the inversion of the picture and the bottom and the existence of * * * *. Under the influence of * * * outline, the clarity of "figure" and "bottom" is weakened, the contrast between them is weakened, and even they are transformed into each other. In this transformation process, it is easy to produce visual confusion. "Figure" and "bottom" form a pair of contradictory bodies of unity of opposites, which are interdependent and form a kind of beauty of truth and falsehood.
Second, the design significance of hollowing out
1. Visual guidance
When human eyes are observing, their visual characteristics determine that they are used to paying attention to the edges of graphics in a certain range, and hollowing out design makes use of this important characteristic of human vision. After the processing of "carving" is completed, the image of "emptiness" appears on the plane, and a "gap" appears, that is, this "gap" forms the edge inside the plane. Paying attention to the visual characteristics of edges makes the "gap" area become an extremely important or even the only visual focus in graphic design pages. For example, in poster design, based on this characteristic of human vision, designers usually arrange the information points to be expressed mainly near the "gap" of the page. At this time, hollowing out is not only a simple form of expression, but also plays an eye-catching role, making the information to be conveyed in the design more eye-catching
2. Psychological interest
This is especially obvious in book binding design. The process of hollowing out makes the reading of books more interesting, and also makes the communication between books and readers smoother. When reading, the reader is like a treasure hunter, searching for the following pictures and texts through the hollowed-out places on the page. Curiosity is human nature, and it is full of the pleasure of discovery in the process of seeking and being sought alternately.
Step 3 decorate the image
After hollowing out the page, the "carved" graphic shape becomes softer, more layered and more aesthetic. The hollowed-out graphics break through the limitation of regular geometric graphics, and can carve rich and accurate shapes at will according to the needs of performance. Straight lines and curves are interlaced with each other, and the edge of the figure fluctuates and the image is uncertain. This visually uneven beauty is pleasing.
Third, the attention points of hollow design
With the continuous development of hollowing-out expression and realization technology, most graphic designers' ideas can generally be satisfied. However, we must realize that hollowing out is only a design form and a performance technology. It is a means, not an end, and must not be abused. The use of this form must be natural, and there is no room for reluctance. No matter how advanced the technology is, it can't completely cover up the contradiction between hollowed-out graphics and materials. Graphic designers should make appropriate adjustments to hollowed-out graphics according to the characteristics of carrier materials when performing hollowed-out performances. For example, in packaging design, when the thinner paper is hollowed out, the hollowed-out area should not be too large, otherwise it will cause the paper to break, while the thicker paper is generally not limited by this. If hollowing is inevitable on thinner paper and other carriers, the hollowing form must be fine-tuned. There are three common methods: simplifying complex shapes; Enlarge the shape that is too small properly; Appropriately widen the connection gap between shapes.
Four. conclusion
Hollow graphic design gives people ethereal artistic enjoyment visually. In creation, more attention is paid to the artistic conception of "God is greater than form"; In modeling, we only pursue emotional similarity, ignoring superficial similarity, and advocate the creative concept and technique of "not seeking similarity, but seeking spiritual similarity". This artistic expression, which originated from China's traditional handicrafts, embodies the importance of the folk thinking of "thinking about clouds".