1, material.
Du Fu, a social poet, takes the rise and fall of politics, social unrest, war corvee, hunger and poverty, and the disparity between the rich and the poor as his themes, which are extensive in content, rich in times and realistic. Du Fu's poems are good at describing the historical situation at that time and reflecting the present situation of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, so they are called "the history of poetry". From the Anshi Rebellion to entering Shu, Du Fu experienced great turmoil and wrote a lot of realistic works. In his representative works, many realistic works, such as Two Ways, reflect the luxury of the upper class.
2. Ideological aspect
There are Confucian thoughts in Du Fu's poems, feelings of compassion for the people, concern for the country and the people, feelings of loving the people and strong patriotism, and he is known as a "poet saint". Du Shishan observed the reality of life and society rationally and carefully, and realized the sufferings and joys of the people from his own life experience. He had a strong political consciousness and inherited and carried forward the realistic spirit of The Book of Songs, folk songs of Han Yuefu and Jian 'an literature.
3. Skills.
Du Shishan writes dialogues and monologues with typical characters and events. Du Fu's poems are also good at lyricism, combining lyricism with narration, and also combining lyricism with scenery writing, leaving feelings in the landscape. Du Fu's narrative pays attention to objective description, so that the story itself can directly infect readers, and there is less discussion.
4. language.
Du Fu's writing attitude is very serious, his language is refined, his words are accurate, his images are vivid, his colors are rich, and he is good at using folk spoken language.
5. genre.
Du Fu's works are all good, with five or seven archaic words and quatrains. He often uses different poetic styles to express different contents. The narrative uses classical poems with less metrical restrictions and easy description, while the lyric uses modern poems.
Du Fu created a large number of seven-character metrical poems, which were extensive in content, skillful in technique, attached importance to the antithesis of metrical patterns, rigorous in metrical patterns and refined in language, and made great achievements, making the creation of seven-character metrical poems mature. He also wrote new Yuefu poems, describing the sufferings of society and people's livelihood.
6. Style
The main style of Du Fu's poems is gloomy, changeable and colorful, or unrestrained, or fresh and delicate, or gloomy and sad, or rich in rhetoric, or plain, or popular and natural. Du Fu's poems absorbed the artistic skills of predecessors and developed into a unique new style. Express one's patriotic thoughts.
Generally speaking, Du Fu left more than 1400 poems to later generations, involving all corners of social life in the Tang Dynasty, especially his works before and after the Anshi Rebellion, such as "Three Officials Farewell and Three Farewells", "Two Roads", "A Car Shop", "The Northern Expedition" and "Memorizing 500 Words from Beijing to Fengxian", which combined personal feelings with personal feelings. The word "poetic history" was used for the first time in Bai Meng's Poems of Talented Talents in the Tang Dynasty to summarize the ideological and content characteristics of Du Fu's poems, but it mainly focused on "detailed notes". Song people expounded the concept of "poetic history" from different angles. They often ignore the artistic features of poetry, but they all notice that Du Fu's poems are related to major historical events. Du Fu provided us with a true picture of the history of the Tang Dynasty with his broad ideological content and historical recording techniques different from those of historical books. He used his unique brushwork and his unique breadth and depth to supplement the shortcomings of history.