First, what is poetry?
If someone asks me now what is poetry? Maybe I can only answer like this: "I know what kind of words can count."
The world is a poem. I know what kind of words are not poems, but I don't know what poetry is. "Poetry is not defined. But at least have a general idea! Yes, actually, poetry is not mysterious. Everything that is affectionate and beautiful is poetry. Simply put, psychological image (emotion)+physical image (beauty) = poetry. For example:
A twig,
Like a wire;
Small yellow flowers,
Like a shiny electric light;
The earth, like a
Power plants in spring. (Zhang Shizhen's "Winter jasmine")
In this poem, "branches", "yellow flowers" and "earth" are psychological images, while "wires", "electric lights" and "power plants" are physical images. This wonderful poem came into being because after seeing the green branches and yellow flowers in spring, I had a good impression on the spring of the earth in my heart, and then compared the spiritual image with the material image through imagination, so that love and beauty were skillfully combined.
Of course, this is not a fixed pattern of poetry. Poetry is free and diverse. To really know and understand poetry, we still need to understand it through long-term reading and creation.
Second, the basic characteristics of modern poetry
For the creation of modern poetry, we must first understand the characteristics of modern poetry, which is very important for us to learn the creation of modern poetry.
Extremely important, know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle.
Modern poetry is the modern emotion that modern people feel in modern life, and it is a set of sentences arranged by modern words.
Therefore, modern poetry is about the feelings of our times, and it is written in modern language (that is, modern Chinese, not classical Chinese)-this is the most basic feature of modern poetry.
In addition, compared with junior high school students, modern poetry has the following important features:
1, content: beautiful imagination, extraordinary in the ordinary;
2. Ideologically: Write touching feelings. In other words, personal feelings and experiences should be added;
3. Format: If you want to branch, you can branch by sentence or by content.
After understanding the basic characteristics of modern poetry, you can start to try to create, so what must be paid attention to in creation?
Third, how to write a poem?
Poetry is beautiful. To make ordinary things shine with beautiful light, we must imagine. Imagination is the source of beauty and the storehouse of poetry.
A good imagination is a poem in itself. For example:
Open your big mouth,
Serve the people. (He Zhou's scissors).
Only by exerting imagination can we create a vivid image. Imagination endows poetry with vitality. Without imagination, the poems written are dry. Imagination can make a little thing show amazing charm. For example:
Flowers in the corner,
When you appreciate yourself,
The world is getting smaller. (Bing Xin's Star)
Flowers are common in corners and are easily overlooked. If you only appreciate your own beauty, it will become smaller. Here, the poet draws an extraordinary truth from an ordinary thing by imagining and comparing people and flowers. Without imagination, it is impossible to write such inspiring poems.
Secondly, poetry must be true, and only true is beautiful. We should be able to find something that can move us from life and then express it in the language and form of poetry. In this way, people can make their hearts sing and poetry becomes meaningful. For example:
You are so small.
Run in the dark
……
Although it is a small insect.
Make the night brighter (Bucong's firefly)
At the end of the poem, the little poet sent a sentimental eulogy to the devotees with the emotional sentence "Although it is a bug/make the night brighter". But such poems need to be experienced from the heart. If the little poet didn't observe fireflies carefully, didn't talk to them attentively, and didn't transpose himself into fireflies to experience their life and life, he couldn't have written such a vigilant poem.
With the wings of imagination and the power of emotion, the beauty of poetry will emerge as the times require.
However, we must be clear that the format of poetry is also a problem that must be paid attention to, except for writing according to content or sentences, especially in the organization of language. Mainly manifested in two aspects: first, the use of rhetoric; The first is to break the conventional combination. Flexible use of various rhetoric can enhance the vitality of poetry, and boldly breaking the conventional combination (that is, not matching according to grammatical requirements) can achieve unexpected results, but it should not be too much.
Rhetoric is an important skill in poetry. Including personification, metaphor, parallelism, rhetorical question, repetition, thimble, duality, exaggeration, symbol and so on. It can be said that each expression technique has its own uniqueness. The use of metaphor can express the content of poetry more vividly and vividly. The use of xing can make readers understand the artistic conception of poetry from the beginning, and make poetry more affectionate and lasting appeal; The use of exaggeration, symbolism, synaesthesia and other techniques can inject more fresh blood into poetry, make poetry more imaginative and approachable, without making people feel vague and obscure, and make readers truly understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author.
Symbolism, on the other hand, uses concrete things to express a special meaning, which is the most commonly used technique in poetry. For example, Bing Xin's Paper Boat symbolizes the yearning for his mother, and Feng Zhi's I am a river symbolizes the pursuit of love. Usually we also like to use symbols, such as "plum blossom" to symbolize perseverance and "candle" to symbolize silent dedication. Wang Jiaxin's Beyond the Mountain uses "sea" and "mountain" to symbolize "ideal" and "difficulties and setbacks in pursuing ideal". Do you know the common symbolic meanings of the following objects? Sun, bees, flies, mosquitoes, snowflakes? Bright, selfless, dirty, exploitative and pure.
I won't go into details about the use of other techniques, but we will continue to learn and use them in the creative process.
As mentioned above, there is another aspect of the language organization of poetry, that is, breaking the conventional combination, which can sometimes make poetry language and poetry achieve a leap-forward effect.
The language of poetry transcends the general grammatical rules, and it has the characteristics of jumping, prominence and supernormality. Its combination is flexible, for example, we can use modifiers with different functions alternately, such as "black sigh", "dream of oil foam", "pink memory", "warm silence" and "ivory song". And use this incredible expression to express the complex emotions of modern people (of course, this is also a rhetorical device called synaesthesia).
Part-of-speech conversion is also a routine technique in poetic language. For example, in love poems, "Summer is too heavy, autumn is too cicada" ("Light Snow Today") and "We have weathered the wind and frost" ("Heavy Snow in Hunan"), where nouns are used as verbs, can not only arouse readers' corresponding image feelings, but also contain rich experience. The word "lotus" gives people a feeling of declining enthusiasm, the word "cicada" gives people an impetuous and desolate image, and the words "wind" and "frost" give people a hard and mature life experience.
After mastering some creations, we should also have the effort of "hammering words and refining sentences", which is also a revision in our usual composition. This is especially important for us beginners. Du Fu's lifelong pursuit is "words are not surprising and never stop", while Li Bai is called "talents are amazing", and most poets are experts in hammering words and refining sentences. For example:
You stand on the bridge and watch the scenery.
The landscape observer is watching you upstairs.
The bright moon decorated your window.
You decorate other people's dreams (Bian Zhilin's Out of bounds)
These "sights", "sights" and "decorations" appear repeatedly, creating a thought-provoking mood. In addition, such as a middle school student's poem "The Window of the Classroom" (Tian Xin) has such a passage:
The windows of the classroom
internally and externally
It doesn't allow me to be confused.
I want to sail.
Rolling the Yangtze River upstream (part two)
The words in brackets existed before publication and were edited and deleted when published. The little poet's pursuit of formal beauty damaged his poems, but after deleting the words in brackets, he became refined and beautiful, and he read fluently.
When we write poetry, we should not only pay attention to the accuracy and vividness of rhetoric, but also try to find the words that can best reflect people's feelings from the height of spiritual experience and create a harmonious and poetic atmosphere.
In fact, language also serves the ideological content of poetry, not only highlighting objects and events, but also creating the artistic conception of poetry, that is, expressing ideas.
To sum up, we can see that poetry must have three elements: imagination, emotion and language. It can be said that imagination is the blueprint, emotion is the direction, and language is the method.
Fourth, kung fu is outside the poem
For those who learn to write poetry, it is essential to master various methods and skills of writing poetry. However, to really write poems well, they still need to read a lot, pay attention to new things in daily life, and constantly accumulate experience to find inspiration in order to write the most beautiful poems.
Youth needs poetry, and writing poetry is of great significance to a person's growth. A poet once said: If a person does not write poetry when he is young, he will miss the best time of his life. Now, you can pick up a pen and hold up the youthful sun with poetry.
lavatory
Looking at the toilet from a distance,
See how spectacular the toilet is up close.
Flying down from three pieces of shit,
God, I don't have any draft paper!