Li Yi - "Partridge Ci"
Era: Tang
Author: Li Yi - "Partridge Ci"
Content
The Xiangjiang River has mottled bamboo branches and golden-winged partridges fly. Everywhere Xiangyun merges, where does Lang return from?
Appreciation:
This is a Yuefu poem. Guo Maoqian's "Yuefu Poems" Volume 80 "Modern Song Ci" contains three poems from "Partridge Ci", including this one by Li Yi The first and two poems by Li She. Li She's poem says: "The Xiangjiang River is deep with mist, and the sandy shore is separated by maple trees. Wherever the partridges fly, the sun sets and the mottled bamboos shade. The two women weep in vain, and the three houses sink in vain. Only the partridges cry, which only hurts the hearts of travelers." Both Li Yi and Li She used images such as the Xiangjiang River, spotted bamboos, and partridges in their poems to enhance the atmosphere and serve the theme they wanted to express. It can be seen that the content of "Partridge Ci" expresses sadness, and the flying cry of "partridge" is used to cheer things up. In other words, partridges are indispensable in "Partridge Ci". In addition, partridges also play the role of cutting into and breaking the topic in the poem.
The difference between the two poems is: Li She's "Partridge Ci" is composed of nostalgia for the past and the feelings of a wanderer. He made full use of association: when he saw the depth of the Xiangjiang River, he thought of Qu Yuan's suicide by sinking into the river; when he saw the dark shadow of the mottled bamboo, he thought of the story of Shun's second concubine Ehuang and Nvying; when he heard the crow of the partridge, he was touched by the sadness of his journey. The emotion expressed is not concentrated on one point, but a general expression of sadness. Li Yi's "Partridge Ci" describes a woman's longing for her distant lover. The lyrics are stronger and more concentrated.
The protagonist in Li Yi's poem is a woman living in the Xiangjiang River area. At the beginning of the poem, she writes about her sadness about Huaiyuan. Instead of describing it directly, she uses the "Xing" method to highlight and exaggerate it, making the sadness appear more subtle and charming.
For example, the first two sentences both use xing. The first sentence "bamboo branches in Xiangjiang River" is also used as an allusion. Shun's two concubines, Ehuang and Nvying, died while on Shun's southern tour, weeping with bamboo. This kind of bamboo stained with tear stains is called "Xiangfei Bamboo", also known as "Mottled Bamboo". When the person in the poem sees the mottled bamboos on both sides of the Xiangjiang River, he will naturally think of this beautiful and touching love legend, and by analogy, it will evoke his sadness of missing his lover. At this moment, the poet saw another scene that aroused her sadness, the partridge with brocade feathers, fluttering its wings and flying and singing. Its sound was sad and sad, and she heard the partridge's cry. , which made her melancholy even more intense. Partridges like to crow relative to each other, and their cries are said to be "Brother, I can't do it". Most wanderers and those who miss their wives are afraid of hearing the crow of partridges. Seeing and hearing the flying partridges will naturally make this missing woman's sorrow unstoppable.
Then the poem naturally transitions to the sentence "Xiang clouds gather everywhere", using the dark clouds hanging over the Xiang River to describe the heroine's depressed mood. Using clouds to represent sadness is a common artistic technique in classical poetry. "On the Secret Palace of Wenjing." land. "Liu Zhi" quoted "Farewell Poems" and said: "The string of separation is anxious, the wild geese hiss at the edge of the farewell song, the low clouds are gloomy in hundreds of ways, and the dew drops are thousands of rows of cries." The explanation said: "...I can see the gloomy low clouds in the sky. "The sad mood is combined with the word." "Xiangyunhe everywhere" in "Partridge Ci" is not only a description of the actual scene, but also a clever metaphor for the woman's melancholy mood.
In the first three sentences of the poem, the poet uses the Xiangjiang River, Xiangyun, spotted bamboos, and partridges to construct a picture of stillness and movement, which accentuates and exaggerates the atmosphere. The last sentence suddenly With a turn, he asked the sky, "Where did the man return from?", which made the poem seem ups and downs and not dull. It describes the protagonist's helpless mood. We seem to see her standing on the bank of the Xiangjiang River, gazing up, and feel her eagerness for her husband's return. The character and the surrounding environment are in harmony, painting a picture of a Xiangjiang woman. Come to Huaiyuan.
This poem is fresh and implicit, makes good use of metaphors, and has the flavor of a folk song. The lyrical technique relies entirely on the rendering and contrast of the atmosphere, which is very distinctive.