2. Intention: This is a profound irony of Qin Shihuang's dream of dominating the world and being king forever. The theme of this poem is similar to Gong Fangfu, and it is also a mockery of the past, warning those in power not to run amok, so as not to cause people's resistance.
Original text:
Qin Shihuang swam eastward out of Zhou Ding, and Liu Xiangling took him by the neck.
It is really difficult to level the world, but it is for the poor.
If you are not stupid, you will be stupid, and if you are stupid, you will benefit.
The shepherd boy burned to the bottom of the grave, but he was not dead after burning to ashes.
Vernacular translation:
Qin Shihuang unified the world and traveled around the world. After he owned the world, he traveled all over the world, which aroused Liu Xiang's concept of "grasping the neck". Xiang Yu clearly issued the idea that "he can take his place", which scared Xiang Liang to cover his mouth and told him that this was genocide! But Xiang Yu really did what he wanted to do. It is really difficult for Qin Shihuang to level the world, but it should be to level the world and let the poor along the way live a good life.
After Qin Shihuang unified the world, "abandon Wang Zhidao first, burn the learning of a hundred schools, and foolishly seek the loss of sheep.". In order to find the missing sheep, the shepherd boy mistakenly entered the tomb road opened by the grave robbers, and inadvertently ignited the wood in the underground palace, resulting in the destruction of the entire Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, while Qin Shihuang's bones were still dry.
This poem comes from Du Mu's Li Guoshan Zuo in the Tang Dynasty.
Extended data writing background:
Li Guo Shan Zuo is a seven-character poem written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The poem satirizes Qin Shihuang in popular language, which not only affirms his hardships of leveling the six countries and unifying the world, but also criticizes his stupidity of not loving the people, being cruel and even destroying the world. This poem uses the technique of borrowing ancient times to satirize the present to advise those in power not to run amok, so as not to cause people's resistance.
"But for the poor on the roadside" is the key to understanding this poem. In the first sentence, the first emperor finally owned the world. Zhou Ding stands for state power. After he owned the world, he traveled all over the world, which aroused Liu Xiang's concept of "grasping the neck". Xiang Yu clearly issued the idea that "he can take his place", which scared Xiang Bo to cover his mouth and tell him that this was genocide!
But Xiang Yu really did what he wanted to do. So I think the subject of the fourth sentence is the first emperor. He wants to seize his world because of the attraction of Liu and Xiang by the roadside, so he does not hesitate to make the world poor, such as "gathering the soldiers of the world in Xianyang" and "burning the words of a hundred schools of thought as fools".
However, these practices did not work, because "it is better to die than to die." In the end, Guanzhong, which thought itself to be "Jincheng Tang Chi", became the tomb dug by the first emperor.
About the author:
Du Mu (803- 852) was born in Fanchuan, Mu Zhi, Han nationality, Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Du Mu was an outstanding poet and essayist in Tang Dynasty, the grandson of Du You, the prime minister, and the son of Du You.
Tang Wenzong Daiwa was a 26-year-old scholar in the second year and was awarded the post of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, he went to Jiangxi to inspect the ambassador's tent, and then turned to Huainan to inspect the ambassador's tent. He was the editor of the National History Museum, the food department, Bibi department and Si Xun, and the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu.
Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fan Chuan". Du Mu's poems are famous for their seven-character quatrains, and the main content is to chant history and express emotion. His poems are handsome and natural, and cut into secular things. He achieved great success in the late Tang Dynasty. Du Mu is called "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu and "Da Du". Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin.