Send off a friend
(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai
Green mountains stretch across Beiguo, and white water surrounds the east city.
This place is different, and I have to conquer thousands of miles.
The wandering clouds convey the love of an old friend.
I waved my hand and went away, the horse roared. Translation: The green hills lie across the outer city in the north, and the water flows around the city in the east. After bidding farewell here immediately, you embarked on a journey of thousands of miles like a lonely flying pod. The floating cloud shadows are like your mood at this time, and the lingering shadows of the setting sun are just like the nostalgia of old friends. He left with a wave of his hand, and even the parting horse made a sad cry! Appreciation This is a five-character poem.
The first couplet is a work pair, "green" and "white" are color pairs, "mountain" and "water" are similar pairs, "horizontal" and "around", movement and stillness are opposition, "north" and " "East" is the direction pair; "Guo" and "Cheng" are similar pairs. Among them, "Cheng" and "Guo" have mutual meanings. This couplet not only depicts a beautiful landscape painting and explains the grand scene of farewell, but the quiet mountains and moving water are also a symbol of the life scenes of the poet and his friends: one quiet and one moving, I leave you to go, one north and one east, natural Cause the following line. Wang Guowei's "Human Words" says that "all scene language is love language", and this couplet is a perfect blend of scenes.
Zhao couplets should be used in opposition. From a semantic point of view, this couplet can be regarded as a flowing pair form, that is, the two couplets are semantically connected. But purely from the perspective of rightness, it is not right, and it can even be said to be not "right". It exactly reflects Li Bai's "natural and uncarved" poetic style, and is also in line with the ancients' view that form does not constrain content. The sentence in this couplet, "This place is a parting," has a sudden change in meaning, which breaks the poetic and picturesque meaning of the first couplet, and has a tragic and touching power. Buddhism regards "love and separation" as one of the eight sufferings in life, and is well versed in human nature; today's people still regard traveling far away as a fearful journey, not to mention the ancients who had inconvenient transportation and difficult information?
Therefore, in ancient times, there was " The pain of parting is shared by both parties, but what the poet is most concerned about here is the hardships of his friend's future. There is endless concern and affection in the sentence "I am alone and I am at home for a thousand days." "It was difficult to go out", let alone this trip. What about the "Ten Thousand Miles" Long March! The ancients often used flying canopy, turning canopy, and fluttering canopy to describe wandering life, because both of them have the desire to surrender to nature and let other things tease them involuntarily. *Same characteristics. Therefore, this sentence is very heavy when thinking about the image of "Peng", with infinite unbearable feelings, which is comparable to the word "treasure".
The next neck couplet calms down the pain. Since parting is inevitable, let us remember this heartbreaking moment, keep each other in mind, and slowly turn a kind of lovesickness into the sorrow of two places. Wang Qi noted in Taibai Collection: "The floating clouds are fleeting and uncertain. Traces, so it is compared to the meaning of a wanderer; the setting sun holds the mountain in its arms and does not go away quickly, so it is compared to the feelings of old friends. "From a grammatical and rhetorical perspective, this couplet is a noun phrase. There is no need to connect the four noun phrases with predicates. There are gaps between them that can be filled and created by readers.
Floating clouds have the characteristics of being erratic and uncertain. It is relatively static. When there is no wind, the gravity of the clouds often makes it difficult to see its movement. This is the scene in Du Fu's poem "It's too late to notice the clouds." Therefore, the sentence can also be understood as a wanderer who is about to leave. The complex emotions of longing for the past and lingering in the body and mind can be understood as feelings of nostalgia for old friends and blessings to friends. "The sunset is infinitely beautiful." "The setting sun is long and the river is round", I hope that my friends will have bright sunshine ahead and everything will go as they wish. This understanding also echoes the sentence "The lonely peng marches thousands of miles".
The last couplet is natural and unrestrained, with endless aftertaste.
Goodbye, friend! After waving, the figure of my friend gradually faded away and could not be seen again, but the dear friend's mount seemed to be familiar with human nature. It still whistled from an invisible distance, saying farewell and reporting peace. The message makes the parting scenes and emotions very long! Very long!