The first part expounds the definition of concentration, the second part expounds the role of concentration in our study and life, the third part analyzes the reasons for distraction in study, and the fourth part points out how high school students concentrate. In the summary, I wrote the following three aspects: the method of cultivating my concentration according to this literature review, the gains in the process of doing this literature review, and the regrets left by this assignment.
Introduction: I didn't notice the importance of concentration in my previous study, so I didn't concentrate in my study and wasted a lot of useful time. Therefore, in this literature review assignment, I chose the topic "Research on the Methods of High School Students' Concentration" and consulted a lot of materials for this purpose, hoping to bring some help to the cultivation of their concentration.
Key words: pay attention to cultivating literary talent: 1. The definition of good attention refers to the ability of people's psychological activities to point to and focus on something. Judging the quality of attention mainly depends on the breadth, stability, transfer and distribution of attention.
Among them, the most important thing is the stability of attention, which refers to the time when attention remains on an object or an activity for a long time. Attention is always accompanied by everyone's psychological activities. Once attention stops, the psychological process will deviate from the goal or even terminate.
All external information can only enter everyone's brain under the supervision of attention. Without attention, we can't perceive and remember things correctly, clearly and comprehensively, and we can't think things deeply and comprehensively. Therefore, attention is an indispensable psychological condition for students to understand things, a basic condition for improving students' comprehensive quality and plays an extremely important role in students' intellectual activities [1].
Second, the role of good attention. For students entering senior high school, intellectual factors are of course very important for their normal development and steady entry into a first-class history school for education, but the influence of non-intellectual factors can not be ignored, such as "bad will". The stability of students' attention is closely related to the learning effect.
1. Intentional attention and unintentional attention are the key factors for students to accept knowledge. Unintentional attention has no predetermined purpose and needs no attention. Intentional attention has a predetermined purpose and needs to be paid attention when necessary.
"The stability of intentional attention" refers to the psychological quality of whether Jl-2 can stay in something or behavior through will, which is a non-intellectual factor. "Intentional attention and unintentional attention are two basic links and necessary factors for students to accept knowledge in the teaching process. Accurately grasping these two links and important factors is not only the key for teachers to effectively control classroom teaching, but also an important means for teachers to understand students' learning situation and improve teaching quality.
2. Expand unintentional attention, deepen intentional attention, and give full play to the advantages of both sides. If it is not easy to scientifically adjust students' intentional or unintentional attention in general classroom teaching, it will never be easy to adjust and control students' intentional or unintentional attention in biology classroom. This is because, first, students have insufficient perceptual knowledge of biology-related knowledge, and a lot of knowledge involves the micro world, which is invisible to the macro world; First, some content is theoretical and scientific, which is relatively boring; Second, students are vague about the purpose and significance of learning biology.
[2]。 3. What are the reasons why students are absent-minded in class? After long-term observation and analysis, I think there are the following reasons: 1, the teacher's teaching method is boring, the teaching content is boring, and the tone of speech is dull. Students often use lengthy sentences and repeat what they have said, so that students can easily concentrate on objects that can arouse their interest, especially younger students.
For example, a 7-year-old student can keep an eye on an object for about 15 minutes; In well-organized teaching activities, students in grades 3-4 can keep an eye on an object for 30-45 minutes. Therefore, teachers should try to adopt diversified forms, different intonations and sense of humor.
In addition, in teaching, teachers should pay attention to the connection between old and new knowledge and help students establish a good cognitive structure. 2. Students' mood swings are caused by unexpected events before or just after class. For example, just after class, the teacher handed out papers, announced that he would go to the movies, organized a spring outing, and criticized some students. It is difficult for students to focus on the following classroom teaching content.
Therefore, it is forbidden to tell students important things that have nothing to do with teaching before or at the beginning of class. The course arrangement should try to make the later lessons more attractive than the previous ones.
3, irrelevant * * To the extent that students have no intention of paying attention, students can't concentrate on the teaching content. For example, teachers put teaching AIDS that students have never seen before on the podium, multimedia courseware images are too gorgeous, students in adjacent classrooms learn to sing beautiful and moving songs, and strangers walk around outside the classroom from time to time.
Therefore, try to avoid and overcome the interference of unrelated students. For example, the classroom should not have too much decoration, and try to keep quiet around the classroom.
4. When students have emotional conflicts with teachers, they will get tired of teachers and deliberately turn their attention to other activities in the classroom. Therefore, teachers and students should maintain a good relationship and be psychologically compatible. As long as students realize that the teacher loves them, they are willing to accept the knowledge taught by the teacher.
5. It is difficult for students to concentrate in class because of physical discomfort or poor rest the day before, which leads to insufficient learning energy. Therefore, teachers should let students work and rest, and should not give students too much homework to affect their sleep.
To strengthen students' physical exercise, only when they are strong can students maintain lasting attention in their studies. 6. Students' pre-class activities are too intense, such as just watching a movie, just attending physical education class, music class, etc. Therefore, in the subsequent learning activities, students can't be very focused at first because many students are still immersed in the original activities.
7, some students due to poor academic performance or other.
2. Literature review of the paper How to write this article is a supplement to more articles published before, thus forming a complete paper writing guidance system. Please read the related topics, topics and writing methods of this theory. Please browse the previous articles published in this column.
1 The definition and characteristics of review refer to articles that refer to a considerable number of documents and materials on a certain topic in a period of time, select relevant intelligence information after analysis and research, summarize and sort them out, and make a comprehensive description. Characteristics of review: comprehensiveness: review should be "criss-crossed", with the development of a topic as the vertical line, reflecting the progress of the current topic; It is also necessary to make horizontal comparisons from units, provinces, the whole country and foreign countries.
Only in this way, the article will occupy a large number of materials, and after comprehensive analysis, induction and sorting, digestion and identification, the materials will be more concise, clearer, more hierarchical and more logical, so as to grasp the development law and predict the development trend of this topic. Comment: It refers to a more specialized, comprehensive, in-depth and systematic discussion of a certain issue, and a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the summarized content, reflecting the author's views and opinions, and forming a whole with the summarized content.
Generally speaking, the summary should have the author's point of view, otherwise it is not a summary, but a manual or lecture. Advanced nature: overview is not about writing the history of discipline development, but about collecting the latest information, obtaining the latest content and delivering the latest information and scientific research trends to readers in time.
Summary should not be a list of materials, but a summary, comment and evaluation of materials read and collected in person. And draw important conclusions from the literature provided.
A good summary should be a good article with both opinions and facts, bones and flesh. Because the review is a three-time document, unlike the original paper (one document), the cited materials can also include the author's own experimental results, unpublished or upcoming new achievements.
The content of the review requires a new topic: that is, the topic of the review must be one that has not been published in this magazine recently. If a review article is consistent with the published review article "Crash", that is, the title and content are basically the same, it is impossible to publish it in the same journal.
Reasoning should be clear: reasoning must have sufficient information and be based on facts everywhere. Never make up data and diagnosis in a whimsical way, and write your own speculation into a conclusion. Clear hierarchy: This requires the author to have a clear thinking when writing, and to have a unified thinking about what to write first, what to write later, to what extent, and how to respond before and after.
Beautiful language: scientific articles take science as their life, but the language is meaningless and obscure, which will inevitably hinder the exchange of scientific and technological knowledge. Therefore, in actual writing, we should constantly strengthen the training of Chinese rhetoric and expression.
Literature should be new: because most of the current reviews are "status reviews", 70% of the cited literature should be within 3 years. References are arranged at the end of the abstract in citation order, and the serial number is placed in the upper right corner of the argument (citation content).
The cited documents must be accurate for readers' reference. Proofreading: After the summary is written, it should be reviewed by relevant experts and further revised and improved from both professional and written aspects.
This step is necessary because the author often pays attention to one side and ignores the other. Some conclusions are often absurd and cannot properly reflect the "true face" of a research topic.
These problems can often be solved by proofreading. The format and writing methods of the review generally include title, author, abstract, key words, text and references.
The body part consists of preface, body and summary. Writing a literature review generally goes through the following stages: selecting a topic, collecting and reading literature, drawing up an outline (including induction, collation and analysis) and writing.
Literature review requires readers to introduce detailed information, trends, progress, prospects and comments on the above aspects related to the theme. Therefore, the format of literature review is relatively diverse, but generally speaking, it includes the following four parts: preface, theme, summary and references.
When writing a literature review, you can write an outline according to these four parts, and then write according to the outline. The preface mainly explains the purpose of writing, introduces related concepts and definitions, outlines the scope, and briefly explains the current situation or focus of debate of related topics, so that readers can have a preliminary outline of the problems to be described in the full text.
The theme part is the main body of the summary, and the writing methods are diverse and there is no fixed format. It can be summarized in chronological order and compared from different angles according to different problems. No matter which format is adopted, the collected documents should be summarized, sorted, analyzed and compared, and the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics and comments on these issues should be made clear. In the theme part, we should pay special attention to representative, scientific and creative references and comments.
The summary part is somewhat similar to the summary of the research paper. It briefly summarizes the theme of the full text, and authors who have studied the summarized theme had better put forward their own opinions. Although references are placed at the end of the article, they are an important part of literature review.
Because it not only shows the respect for the author of the cited literature and the basis of the cited literature, but also provides clues for readers to discuss related issues in depth. So take it seriously.
The arrangement of references should be clear, easy to find and accurate. Regarding the use of references, the recorded items and formats are the same as those of research papers, and they are not repeated.
Note collection should be as complete as possible. Mastering a large number of comprehensive documents is the premise of writing a good summary, otherwise it is impossible to write a lot of summaries by collecting a little information casually, and even the articles written will not be a summary at all.
Pay attention to the representativeness, reliability and scientificity of the cited documents. There may be similar views in the collected documents, and the reliability and scientificity of some documents are not the same, so we should pay attention to choosing representative, reliable and scientific documents when quoting documents.
The reference file should be faithful to the content of the file. Because the literature review has the author's own comments and analysis, it is necessary to distinguish the author's point of view from the content of the literature when writing, and not to tamper with the content of the literature.
References cannot be omitted. Some scientific research papers can omit references, but the literature review must not be omitted, and it should be cited in the paper to reflect.
3. People's Education Edition Senior High School Classical Chinese 1. * Qin? Changsha ........................................................ * * 3
2. Two poems
Rain Lane Dai Wangshu 6
Farewell to Cambridge ............................................................ Xu Zhimo 8
4. Quit .................................'s Zuo Zhuan 16 with the power of candles.
5. Jing Ke stabbed ......................................., the king of Qin, in The Warring States Policy 18.
6.* Hongmen Banquet ................................
4. Two poems in The Book of Songs
ordinary people
Go home after the war
5. Li in Li Sao
6.* Peacock flies southeast (parallel)
7.* Three poems
Picking Lotus from Shejiang River: Nineteen Ancient Poems
A short lyric of .............................................. Cao Cao.
Return to Garden House (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................
8. "Preface to Lanting Collection" Wang Xizhi
9. Chibi Fu
10.* You Baochan ... You Wang Anshi.
1. Lin Daiyu entered Jia Fu ....................................... Cao Xueqin.
4. It's difficult to get through the Shu Road. .................................. Li Bai
5. Three Poems by Du Fu
Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity (Part One)
Reciting historic sites (3)
Climb the peak
6. Pipa line (parallel sequence) Bai Juyi
7.* Two Poems by Li Shangyin
Inlaid harp
Ma Wei (2)
8. China is also ............................'s Mencius.
9. Encourage the study of ................................'s Xunzi.
10.* About Qin
1 1.* The teacher said .....................
1. Dou E was wronged.
4. Two Poems by Liu Yong
Wang Haichao (Southeast Sheng)
Yu Linling (cold and sad)
5. Two poems by Su Shi
Niannujiao? Chibi nostalgia
Calm the storm (don't listen to the sound of knocking leaves through the forest)
6. Two poems by Xin Qiji
Shuilongyin? Deng healthy Yangxin pavilion
Harmony music? Jingkou Gu Bei Pavilion Nostalgia
7.* Two Poems by Li Qingzhao
Drunk flowers and shadows (thick fog and eternal sorrow)
Slow sound (search)
1 1. Biographies of Lian Po, Lin Xiangru and Sima Qian.
12. Biography of Su Wu …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13.* Zhang Hengchuan ... Ye Fan.
65438+
4. Return to Xi word (and sequence) Tao Yuanming
5. Teng Xu
6.* Have a nice trip
7.* Chen Qingbiao
Hope to adopt! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
4./kloc-the eight classical Chinese texts in the Chinese book for people under 0 years old will only give you the title, so you can search online yourself.
Fu on the Red Wall, Travel Notes of Baochan, Zhang Hengchuan, Pipa Journey and Hongmen Banquet are all required classical Chinese in senior high school.
"Encouraging Learning", "Teacher's Theory", "Gui Xi Ci" (tied), "When the candle leaves Qin", "Battle of Red Cliffs" and "Buju" are all compulsory classical Chinese in senior one.
Chen Qingbiao, Xuanzhi of Ji Xiang, Biographies of Qu Yuan, Two Ancient Poems of Meng, Hot Travel and Preface to Lanting Collection are all compulsory classical Chinese in senior three.
Two Song Ci poems-Nian Nujiao Nostalgia for Red Cliff, Yong Yu Le Jingkou Nostalgia for Gubei Pavilion, The Theory of Six Kingdoms, Fu to Epang Palace, Preface to Wang Tengting, Letter to Ren 'an and Biography of Su Wu are all classical Chinese in senior high school.
5. The specific requirement of literature review is that "the writing method of literature review" is set as the home page collection site (the full text comes from the website of Paper Express). Literature review is an academic paper written after collecting a large amount of intelligence information on a certain topic and comprehensive analysis. It is a scientific document.
(Please indicate that the full text is from the website of Paper Express. Literature review reflects the latest progress, academic viewpoints and suggestions of an important topic in a certain branch or field. It can often reflect the new trends, trends, new levels, new principles and new technologies of related issues. Setting this website as a homepage collection requires students to learn to write abstracts, which has at least the following advantages: ① Through the process of collecting documents, they can be further familiar with the retrieval methods and data accumulation methods of medical literature; In the process of searching, we also expanded our knowledge; (2) Searching for literature and writing literature review is the first step of selecting topics and conducting clinical research, so learning the writing of literature review is also a process of laying the foundation for future scientific research activities; (3) By summarizing the writing process, the ability of induction, analysis and synthesis can be improved, which is conducive to the improvement of independent work ability and scientific research ability; ④ Literature review has a wide range of topics, which can be large or small, difficult or easy, and can be freely selected according to one's own abilities and interests.
Literature review is similar to "reading report", "literature review" and "research progress", all of which are summarized from a special research paper or report. However, literature review is different from "reading report" and "literature review". It simply summarizes the first-class literature objectively, and does not only pay attention to the scientific process like "research progress". Its characteristic is "synthesis", which requires comprehensive analysis, induction and arrangement of literature materials to make the materials more concise, clear and logical; "Narration" refers to a more professional, comprehensive, in-depth and systematic discussion of the comprehensively sorted literature.
In a word, literature review is a scientific paper in which the author comments on the historical background, predecessors' work, controversial focus, research status and development prospect of a certain issue. Writing a literature review generally goes through the following stages: selecting a topic, collecting and reading literature, drawing up an outline (including induction, collation and analysis) and writing.
I. Topic selection and reading literature collection (please indicate that the full text comes from the website of Paper Express) Writing literature review is usually out of certain needs, such as selecting a topic for an academic conference, engaging in a certain scientific research, and accumulating literature for a certain aspect. Therefore, the author is generally clear about the topic of literature review, not as difficult as the topic of scientific research. Literature review covers a wide range of topics, from a field or discipline to a disease, a method or a theory. For the first time, you can write a literature review according to your own needs, especially the topics selected by interns, so that the number of documents is relatively small and it is easy to summarize and sort out when writing. Otherwise, the topic is too big, and it takes too long to consult the literature, which affects the practice and is difficult to summarize and sort out.
After selecting the topic, we should collect the related documents around the topic. The related methods of literature collection have been introduced in the previous chapters, such as reading monographs, yearbook, browsing, snowballing, retrieval and so on. , and will not be repeated here.
The more complete the document collection, the better, so the most commonly used method is retrieval. After collecting the references related to the topic, it is necessary to read, summarize and sort out these references. It is very important to choose a representative, scientific and reliable research document from these documents. In a sense, the quality of reading and selecting documents directly affects the level of literature review.
Therefore, when reading literature, you should write "reading notes", "reading experience" and "document extract card" Having one's own language to record the inspiration, experience and ideas gained in the reading process and extract the essence of the literature will not only provide useful information for writing a summary, but also help to train one's expression ability and reading level, especially organizing the literature into a document excerpt card, which is extremely beneficial for writing a summary.
The format and writing method (please indicate that the full text comes from the website of Paper Express) are different from general research papers. This is because research papers focus on research methods and results, especially positive results, while literature review requires readers to introduce detailed information, trends, progress, prospects and comments in the above aspects.
Therefore, the format of literature review is relatively diverse, but generally speaking, it includes the following four parts: preface, theme, summary and references. When writing a literature review, you can write an outline according to these four parts, and then write according to the outline.
The preface mainly explains the purpose of writing, introduces related concepts and definitions, outlines the scope, and briefly explains the current situation or focus of debate of related topics, so that readers can have a preliminary outline of the problems to be described in the full text. The theme part is the main body of the summary, and the writing methods are diverse and there is no fixed format.
It can be summarized in chronological order and compared from different angles according to different problems. No matter which format is adopted, the collected documents should be summarized, sorted, analyzed and compared, and the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics and comments on these issues should be made clear. In the theme part, we should pay special attention to representative, scientific and creative references and comments. The summary part is somewhat similar to the summary of the research paper. It briefly summarizes the theme of the full text, and authors who have studied the summarized theme had better put forward their own opinions.
Although references are placed at the end of the article, they are an important part of literature review. Because it not only shows the respect for the author of the cited literature and the basis of the cited literature, but also provides clues for readers to discuss related issues in depth.
So take it seriously. The arrangement of references should be clear, easy to find and accurate.
Regarding the use of references, the recorded items and formats are the same as those of research papers, and they are not repeated. Third, the precautions are set to home collection. Because of the characteristics of literature review, its writing is different from "reading notes" and "reading reports".