What are the problem-solving skills in high school Chinese? The first interest: knowing is good, and being good is fun.
First of all, we should cultivate our interest in learning Chinese. This training process is divided into three stages: knowledge, kindness and joy. First of all? Do you know? Enter the language, do not contradict, do not dislike, and do not get angry with the language because of the impression of previous teachers, textbooks and exams; Only in this way can we taste the rain and dew of Chinese for the first time. Besides? Okay？ Practice every day, devote yourself wholeheartedly, never slack off, never give up, and never leave the language because of external interference, other subjects and exam scores; Only in this way can we appreciate the rosy clouds of China people. And after that? Are you happy? Pay attention everywhere, form habits, talk and behave, and smile, which is not language; Only in this way can we enter the immortal cave of China people!
Zi Zi Zi: Watch Wan Jian's Cao Wan Qu.
The ancients said:? Look at a thousand swords and then know the instrument, fuck a thousand songs and then know the sound? Emphasize the importance of autonomous learning. An important feature that distinguishes Chinese learning from other subjects is teachers'. Teaching? It will not directly improve students' learning level, but can only be achieved gradually through students' independent learning and self-awareness? Self-study, self-construction realm.
It has been proved by countless facts that trying to learn Chinese well by teachers who speak well, deeply and thoroughly and by students who just listen silently and memorize: this road is impassable! Therefore, it is also an extremely important law of Chinese learning to consciously cultivate one's self-study ability, make a good plan for self-study, increase the intensity of self-practice and strive for self-mastery.
I must write more: I want to be beautiful, my pen is bald.
What do students learn Chinese for? I think it can be summed up in twelve words: enrich the mind, reason and live a perfect life. This is to exercise your sensibility and rationality. Desire for beauty? : emotional thoughts should be rich and sharp! In reality, many of our classmates can only do problems and never pay attention to their own emotional and rational exercise. Their emotional thoughts usually show two defects: first,? Shallow? : emotional naivety, flat thinking, neither affectionate nor reverie; One is? Narrow? : Narrow life leads to narrow focus and lack of experience and atmosphere. To correct these two defects and make your own feelings? Deep? 、? Hiro? When reading thousands of books and walking on the road of Wan Li, you must add a sentence:? Write? ! ? Write? Can brew and sublimate emotions? Write? Be able to sort out ideas and form ideas. ? Desire for beauty? Be sure to write more!
Keeping a diary is a good habit of many big winners; Practice writing at least twice a week: life notes, recording what you see, hear, think and feel; Take reading notes, develop reading habits, and organize reading gains. It is a basic quantitative requirement to be able to write 30,000 to 50,000 words in three years. In this way, you can say:? The pen is bald? .
Read more: Break three springs and gather nine streams.
During your three years of study, you should make up your mind to read widely and deeply. It's called. Can you break through Sanchun? . Reading should cover ancient and modern times, including arts and sciences, integrate Chinese and foreign, and attach importance to philosophy. It's called. Fusion nine streams? .
All the crystallization of human spiritual wisdom can broaden their horizons, get rid of their madness, enlighten their thinking, carry out their virtues, enrich their hearts, and read widely and specialize in books. Please pay special attention: Don't just look at literary works, just look at China writers.
Thick accumulation and thin hair: there are poems, books and bamboo.
Imitation is a very important stage of Chinese learning. What should be the pattern (template) of imitation? Of course, it is the successful work of former sages and present people. The familiar reading of A Dream of Red Mansions by Mao Dunbei and China's View on Ancient Literature by Su are well-known examples. Build a rich mind through long-term hard accumulation? Language paradigm? , form? The focus of excitement? Is this what we're looking for? There are poetry books in your stomach? .
Use these? Paradigm? , imitation? Say? , imitation? Write? , please ask first? Shape? After that, ask for it? Spirit likeness? Finally, ask it to surpass. In this way, it is easy to have a sense of fulfillment, accomplishment and organization in learning, and you will no longer feel that Chinese learning is vague, powerless and unpredictable. This state can be called? Have an answer? .
Re-understanding: thinking about the Millennium, thinking about everything.
Ancient poetry cloud:? But I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn? . How can I learn Chinese well? Have a heart And then what? First of all, we should read widely, try repeatedly and accumulate paradigms, because inspiration always appears in the rainbow after hard work; Secondly, we should develop the good habit of association and imagination, and strive to do it? Think about the Millennium and see through Wan Li? Never suppress or restrain the flight of your own inspiration; Thirdly, we should strive to create a peaceful, clear and eager psychological state, immerse ourselves in it, experience the taste, and not rush for success; Finally, we should dare to trust our intuition and believe in the effectiveness of our inspirational thinking formed through accumulation and imitation.
After many successful flashes, we should sum up the angle, way and conditions of our own perception and turn it into a weapon for us to learn Chinese well.
Think carefully: learn and think, think and get.
Kong Ziyun:? Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous? The Book of Learning also emphasizes that to think carefully, to interrogate and to distinguish clearly means to think carefully, to ask questions carefully and to distinguish clearly. In Chinese learning, if you want to cultivate good thinking habits, you should first think more: no matter which learning link or learning task, don't blindly accept anything without your own thinking, so as to maintain autonomy, improve your interest in learning, make reading more interesting, write more effectively and accumulate beneficial; Second, think deeply: never stop tasting, but ask questions from many sides in order to get to the bottom of it until the true colors are revealed; Seeking good thinking: Don't dwell on a dead end, always use metacognitive strategies to reflect on your thinking process, overcome emotional interference, analyze rationally, accept the guidance of teachers and the help of classmates, so as to continuously improve your thinking quality and establish a harmonious, intelligent, profound and rigorous thinking personality.
Enlightenment and development, pointing and understanding.
Chinese learning desire? Good at it? Are you a famous teacher? Dial? Therefore, students must know something about teachers? Dial? The truth.
What is the greatest benefit of inspiration? People? Different students, different mentality, different personality, teachers will guide them in corresponding ways, or don't talk too much, or pave the way, or guide them with examples, or do the opposite, or reiterate the foundation, and so on; What is the greatest benefit of inspiration? What time? Students should actively think and expose themselves, so that teachers should be good at observing and understanding the external performance of students' thinking state at critical moments and never miss the opportunity of teaching; Is the miracle of inspiration still there? Degree? As long as students are conscious and have a clear direction, they will no longer waste time and think about you, and students can really learn independently.
Have personality: think about the result and get married.
Chinese is a subject to develop students' minds, and the ultimate goal of Chinese learning is to form students' sound personality, good cultivation and distinctive personality. Sure, here? Personality? In a narrow sense, it refers to the systematization and individualization of Chinese learning rules, that is, the formation of Chinese learning theory with each student's own characteristics, that is, the so-called sui generis.
This requires: first, establish metacognitive strategies and form the habit of monitoring one's own thinking and perception process. In the long-term Chinese practice, we should constantly sum up and sublimate, strengthen effective and correct habits, and correct invalid mistakes. Secondly, learn to summarize and reflect, and constantly improve the level of rational thinking through the way of planning summary, taking notes in class, writing postscript and analyzing test papers. Secondly, learn to communicate and enjoy, and absorb suggestions that are beneficial to your learning experience through classroom speeches and discussions between students and teachers; You can also publish it through online forums, receive feedback from peers, and constantly improve the expression and essence of your own experience. Finally, I learned to practice and test, and finally I felt that it was an armchair strategist and I never knew that this matter should be respectful. Through practice, we can reap the joy of success and be kind to the bitterness of failure, which is an irreplaceable life experience and an inevitable process of forming a personalized Chinese learning experience.
Jump out: in-class way, out-of-class way.
Mr. Ye Shengtao said: Teaching is to avoid teaching? . The most important thing in learning Chinese is transfer. Because? Is the extension of Chinese learning equal to the extension of life? The ultimate success of Chinese learning lies in students' flexible use of Chinese to survive and develop in life. In order to achieve a good positive transfer of Chinese learning, we must: ① jump out of the Chinese curriculum to learn Chinese. Philosophical methods of observation and thinking from political science, life experiences of successful figures in historical science, customs of various countries and continents in geographical science, strict reasoning logic in mathematical science, careful observation of kung fu in physical and chemical science, and laws and experiences of art appreciation in art and music science. ② Jump out of Chinese textbooks to learn Chinese.
The function of a sentence in the answer formula of senior Chinese (1);
1, prefix: opening point; Render the atmosphere (prose), pave the way (narrative), and set suspense (novel, but not tested in Shanghai) as the auxiliary paving way for the following; Below the general collar;
2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above;
3. At the end of the article: point out the center (prose); Deepen the theme (narrative); The beginning of a quotation (argumentative, narrative, novel)
(B) the role of rhetoric:
(1) own function; (2) Combined with sentence context.
1, figuratively personified: vivid;
Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics.
2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ;
Answer format: emphasis+object+characteristics.
3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking;
Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics; Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc.
4. Contrast: Emphasis on prominence
5. Repetition: Emphasize the key points.
(3) Answer to the meaning of the sentence:
In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering the question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence.
(4) Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?
Verb: No. Because this word is written accurately, vividly and concretely.
Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes
Adverbs (such as all, most, very only, etc. ):No. Because this word accurately describes the situation (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc. ), after the change, it becomes inconsistent with the facts.
(5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why? I can't. Because:
(1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence).
(2) There is a one-to-one correspondence between this word and the above.
(3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.
(6) Summary of paragraph meaning
1. Narrative: Answer clearly (when and where) who did what.
Format: (time+place)+people+things.
2. Description: The answer clearly explains what the object is and what its characteristics are.
Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)
3. Argumentative essay: clearly answer what the question is and what the author thinks.
Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?
Expression skills play an important role in the appreciation of ancient poetry, such as allusions, comparison, rendering, laying out, comparison, lyricism, scene blending, lyricism by borrowing scenery, combination of static and dynamic, combination of reality and fiction, euphemism, comparison, allegory, symbol, pun and so on. The rhetorical methods commonly used in poetry include exaggeration, parallelism, duality, metaphor, metonymy, analogy, rhetorical question, rhetorical question and repetition. The commonly used terms in analyzing poetry language are: accurate, vivid, vivid, concise, incisive, concise, bright, fresh, novel, beautiful, gorgeous, implicit, simple and natural. When reviewing, we should systematically summarize all kinds of expression skills and reserve relevant knowledge. First of all, we should understand the characteristics and functions of these expressive skills, and then carefully appreciate and analyze them in combination with specific poems.
As for evaluating the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude, it includes summarizing the main idea of the work, analyzing the social reality reflected by the work, and pointing out its positive significance or limitations. In short, the first step to appreciate ancient poetry is to grasp the content of poetry from the following aspects: 1 Read the title and comments carefully; 2. Analyze the image; 3. Taste the artistic conception; 4 contact the author. Step 2, find out the skills: 1 Grasp the image features; 2. Differentiate expression skills; 3 Explain the expression function. The third step is to evaluate the contents and opinions: 1 summarize the main idea; 2 contact background; 3 distinguish between primary and secondary; 4. Comprehensive evaluation.
When answering questions, we should pay special attention to the following points: first, we should stick to the requirements and not generalize; Second, the main points should be complete and should be considered from multiple angles; The third is to scrutinize the terms and strive to be accurate, concise and standardized.
Related contents: First, read the full text and grasp it as a whole.
Generally speaking, when you do a problem, you should read the article first, and then start doing it after you have a preliminary understanding. If you don't understand, read it again until you understand. Of course, before reading for the second time, you can browse the questions asked later, because sometimes the main points, central ideas, writing ideas and clues of the article are hidden in the questions behind, which is very helpful for us to understand the article. Therefore, students should be taught to guess the main idea of the article from as much information as possible and understand the author's main writing intention, so as to grasp the full text as a whole and be aware of it. It should be emphasized to students that only by reading repeatedly and strengthening perception can we deeply understand and accurately grasp it. If you are in such a hurry that you neglect to read the original text, only? Is the water on the ground wet? Read in general, do not ask for answers, and get things done hastily. It will lead to a little knowledge or even misunderstanding of the original text. On this basis, understanding and conclusion, isn't it? castles in the air
Second, determine the region and think deeply.
After having an overall perception of the article, we can first look at which paragraphs or areas of the article relate to the topic and which sentences are related to it. After determining a certain answer area, think deeply, carefully understand the meaning of each sentence in this paragraph, then clarify the relationship between paragraphs and understand the writing ideas. With this habit, it is possible to form a strong analytical and comprehensive ability. When reading, ponder over the questions repeatedly and circle the relevant content, so you don't need to search from beginning to end when answering questions, which can save a lot of valuable time.
1, for some questions and answers, summarize the main idea of the paragraph and other topics.
The most important and effective way to answer such questions accurately is to find the answers in the original text. Most questions can be answered in the article. Of course, the sentences found may not be directly used, which requires processing according to the requirements of the topic, or raising words or compressing the trunk, raising points or reorganizing, in order to answer accurately.
2. On the contextual meaning and function of words, phrases and sentences.
(1) is inseparable. When understanding the meaning of a word in a word, we must put it into this word to investigate, that is to say, this word can not be separated from this word, so as to accurately understand the meaning of this word.
(2) Words cannot be separated from sentences. In comprehensive reading questions, it is often required to understand the meaning and function of words in the context. This depends on the specific language environment, that is, the sentence itself to infer its meaning, that is, words can not be separated from sentences. As for the expressive function of a word in a sentence, we should understand it according to the specific language environment, rather than explain it separately from the sentence.
(3) Sentences cannot be separated from paragraphs. In other words, the analysis and understanding of sentences can not be separated from specific paragraphs and specific language environment. If we leave the specific paragraphs and the specific language environment, many sentences can only be understood in a narrow sense or even incomprehensible. Only by combining specific paragraphs and language environment will we know what position this sentence occupies in the full text.
(4) paragraphs cannot be separated from the text. Paragraph is an integral part of the article, which embodies the author's writing thought. Therefore, the reading comprehension of paragraphs cannot be divorced from the main idea and the center of the article. Otherwise, the understanding of the content or function of the paragraph will be biased.
3. For multiple choice questions
There are three ways to choose the right option: direct election, exclusion and analogy.
Direct election means choosing the right answer directly. This method is suitable for obvious topics. The answer is that I can be sure at once.
Exclusion reveals the correct answer by excluding unsatisfactory options.
By analogy, we can quickly eliminate some options through reasonable reasoning, or infer the unknown according to the known situation and quickly determine the answer.