2. Translation of Classical Chinese This translation is my manual translation, please refer to it.
Long Chao, a native of Jinshou County, was revered as a chivalrous man and was valued by his hometown people when he was a child. During the reign of Emperor Yongxi, Fan Wenchi, a general of the State of Liang, came to harass Yizhou City, and Fu He, the secretariat, led the army to stick to the isolated city. Long Chao wins every time he goes out of town to meet the enemy. The enemy has been besieging Yizhou for a long time, and the grain, grass and weapons are almost used up. The secretariat sent him out of the city to Hanzhong for help overnight, and was caught by Fan Wenchi. Fan promised him a high official and told the soldiers and civilians in the city: "There are no reinforcements coming outside, so surrender as soon as possible." Put him on the siege tower. He told the Secretariat: "We have tens of thousands of reinforcements, which are very close to us, in the cold." Fan was so angry that he burned himself with a torch. He refused to give in until he died. In the second year of Datong, the emperor named him General Longxiang, and he was the secretariat of Bazhou.
3.20 Short classical Chinese with translation, the shorter the better 1, squid seeking perfection [original]. For those with the name 1, the water is black. Playing on the shore, if you are afraid to see yourself, you will make underwater sounds to hide yourself. Seabirds became suspicious of it and caught it when they knew its fish. Alas! I only know how to cover up my whole, but I don't know how to hide my tracks, so I am peeped by voyeurs. Alas! There is a kind of fish in the sea, called squid, which can spray ink to make the sea water black.
Once, it climbed to the shore to play. It is afraid that other animals will see it, so it spits out ink to hide itself. Seabirds become suspicious when they see the dark sea water. Knowing that the squid must be in it, they fished it out of the water without hesitation.
Alas! Squids only know how to spit out ink to hide themselves for safety, but they don't know how to eliminate traces to stop seabirds' suspicion. As a result, it exposed itself and was caught by seabirds when they noticed the target. What a pity! [Note] 1. Ring (Xu, third sound): Spit. 2. Du Yi: End the doubt.
[Reason] One-sided consideration of the problem and consideration of the duality of things in everything can achieve immediate results. 2, mourning [original] always protect yourself and do good deeds.
One day, the water was so fierce that five or six people left Hunan by boat. Zhongji, if the ship is broken, it will do.
One is to do your best and not be different. His companion said, "You are the best swimmer. What are you going to do now? " Yue: "I have 1000 yuan, which is heavy. Let's talk about it later. "
He said, "Why not go there?" No, shake its head. Every coin has its two sides.
The man who saved himself stood on the shore and shouted, "You are so stupid and secretive, you are dead. How can you afford it? " Shook his head again. Drowned.
Shuizhou people are good at swimming. One day, the river suddenly rose, and five or six people crossed the Xiangjiang River by boat.
When crossing the river, the boat broke down and everyone swam. One of them tried to swim, but he still couldn't swim far.
His companion said, "You are the best swimmer. Why are you behind now? " He said, "I have a thousand pence wrapped around my waist, which is very heavy, so I am behind." The companion said, "Why not throw it away?" He didn't answer and shook his head.
After a while, he was more tired. All the people who swam across the river stood on the shore, shouting, "You are stupid to the extreme, ignorant to the extreme, and you are drowning. What do you need money for? " He shook his head again.
So he drowned. 3, formerly known as Linjiang, the name of Linjiang.
Cattle, young deer, livestock, livestock. At first, the dogs coveted them, and they all came. Their people were angry and threatening.
Naturally, I hug the dog every day, learn to show off, and make a noise with it. After a long time, all dogs are satisfied.
Elk is a little old, and I forgot my own elk. I think dogs are good and my friends are good: really, it is good for suppressing servants and retreating. Dogs are afraid of their owners and throw the ball with them.
However, when the tongue spits out. In three years, the elk went out, and there were many dogs on the road who wanted to play.
When the foreign dogs saw it, they were happy and angry, and * * * was killed, which was a mess. The elk died before they knew it.
Attention: mourning: pronunciation tián 麑: pronunciation ní: pronunciation dá yan: pronunciation yn: pronunciation dàn, eat and lick here. Linjiang (place name) A man hunted an elk calf and raised it.
At home, the dogs drooled and wagged their tails, and the man yelled at them to scare them. From this day on, I held the fawn among the dogs, often showed it to the dogs, and slowly let the dogs play with it.
After a long time, the dogs did what the man wanted. The deer cub is a little older, forgetting that he is a deer, thinking that the dog is really his friend and is more intimate with his head. The dog is afraid of his master and is very friendly to him.
But I still lick my tongue often (I want to eat! )。 Three years later, (one day) the elk went out and saw many other people's dogs on the road, running to play with them.
Other people's dogs are very happy and angry when they see it. They killed it and ate it together, and the road was a mess. The elk didn't understand the truth until they died.
Moral: anything that harms people, even if it can find a temporary "umbrella", can't last long, and will not end well in the end. Children are not afraid of tigers. The original names of Zhong, Wan, Yun and An are all along the Yangtze River in Sichuan. )
Many tigers. Some women spend a day on the beach of their second child in Kaya Hioki and wash clothes in the water.
Tigers come from the mountains, women squat in the water, and the second child plays on the beach. The tiger is familiar with it, and it is the first to arrive. )
Touch, a few (maybe. ) One is scared, and the child is stupid, but somehow, the tiger is dead.
People who eat tigers must be threatened first, and people who are not afraid can't do anything? There are many tigers in Zhong, Wan, Yun and An. A woman left two children on the beach during the day and washed clothes by herself.
The tiger ran from the mountain, and the woman jumped into the water to avoid the tiger. The two children are (still) playing freely on the beach. The tiger stared at them for a long time and even touched them with his head, hoping that they would be a little scared, but the children were puzzled and didn't even think it was strange. The tiger finally left.
It is estimated that tigers must first show their prestige to others when they eat people, but is there no place to impose (and give up) prestige on those who are not afraid of prestige? 5, more 1. Once upon a time, someone got a turtle and wanted to cook it and eat it, but he couldn't bear to be named as killing. It is the blazing fire that makes the kettle boil, and the cross is the bridge. He made an appointment with the tortoise and said, "If you can cross this, you can survive." Knowing the master's plan to take it away, the tortoise struggled to climb up the sand and had to cross it.
The master said, "It's very kind of you to cross the bridge. I want to see it, too." [Precautions] ① More: Again, again.
Kettle: an ancient kettle. ③ Shinohara (xio): fine bamboo.
Once upon a time, someone caught a turtle and wanted to cook it, but refused to bear the notoriety of killing. So the fire burned to make the water in the pot boil, a thin bamboo pole crossed the pot as a bridge, and then agreed with the tortoise: "(You) can cross the bridge, and I will let you live."
Knowing that his master is deceiving himself, the tortoise tries to crawl carefully (just like a crab climbing sand) and can only cross (the bamboo bridge) once. The host said, "It's great that you can cross the bridge!" " In order to cross the bridge again, I want to have a closer look. "
6. Zhongshan thieves can't make wine, but Zhongshan people are good at making wine for thousands of days. Lu people seek happiness.
Some officials in the main restaurant in Zhongshan, take its dregs and stain it with Lu wine, which is what people call' Zhongshan wine'. People in Shandong think Zhongshan wine is the same after drinking it.
One day, the owner of the restaurant came, smelled the wine, ordered a cup, spat and said with a smile, "This is for it." .
4. The translation of China's classical poem Farewell to Yi Shui focuses on the fourth sentence, especially the word "cold" at the end of the poem, which is the finishing touch. The word "cold" contains the feelings in the scene, binds the feelings and the scene together, and forms meaning with images. Scenery and elephants. It is the concrete description, feeling and significance of objective things, and the poet's aesthetic comprehension and feeling of objective things. The ancients said, "The elephant means meaning." Poets belong to natural objects and readers belong to artistic objects. Finding the objective existence of beauty and the great expression of life personality, thus transferring this subjective feeling and meaning to objective scenery and images, giving life to nature and art, and giving objective things subjective souls, is "empathy" in poetry creation and appreciation. The word "cold" in Today's Water is still cold is the material symbol of this empathy, which is the most successful place in this poem. The title of this poem is farewell, but it doesn't say who to say goodbye to and what to say goodbye to. The whole poem is purely about history. But reciting the whole poem, the magnificent scene of "generously leaning on a long sword and sending you away with a song" is like before you. . The center of this poem is the fourth sentence, especially the word "cold" at the end of the poem, which is the finishing touch. The word "cold" contains the feelings in the scene, binds the feelings and the scene together, and forms meaning with images. Scenery and elephants. It is the concrete description, feeling and significance of objective things, and the poet's aesthetic comprehension and feeling of objective things. The ancients said, "The elephant means meaning." Poets belong to natural objects and readers belong to artistic objects. Finding the objective existence of beauty and the great expression of life personality, thus transferring this subjective feeling and meaning to objective scenery and images, giving life to nature and art, and giving objective things subjective souls, is "empathy" in poetry creation and appreciation. The word "cold" in Today's Water is still cold is the material symbol of this empathy, which is the most successful place in this poem. The title of this poem is farewell, but it doesn't say who to say goodbye to and what to say goodbye to. The whole poem is purely about history. But reciting the whole poem, the magnificent scene of "generously leaning on a long sword and sending you away with a song" is like before you. Why is this? Because history itself is a strong farewell, which is the same as the poet's farewell to his friends in the event. Farewells in ancient and modern times are all on the banks of Yishui River, and the places are the same. Yi shui spans ancient and modern times, poetry spans time and space, and the whole poem is integrated. One ancient and one present, one bright and one dark, two clues are explained at the same time, and finally unified in the word "cold" of "today's water is still cold" The conception of this poem is very clever.
With strong and deep feelings and subtle and refined techniques, this poem got rid of the influence of the delicate poetic style in the early Tang Dynasty, which marked the maturity of the five-character quatrains in the Tang Dynasty and opened the way for the healthy development of Tang poetry.
[Edit this paragraph] History
5. There is an urgent need for ultra-short classical Chinese, (the original text and translation before No.4, as well as four self-made topics, answer) topic: Taking the people as soldiers.
Fang Zou said, "Reading the treasures of officials is far better than the Sui Dynasty." Said: "the armor is well equipped and can't be missed. But Yang-ti's soldiers are not evil! Die on earth. This is our armor if you try your best to make people just and safe. "
Fang Lingxuan sang to Emperor Taizong: "I checked the armored weapons in the warehouse, far exceeding the Sui Dynasty." Tang Taizong said: "Weapons and equipment are indeed indispensable, but are Yang Di's weapons enough? Finally, he lost the world. If you try your best to keep people safe, this is my real weapon. "
Question: 1. Find a common word in the text.
2. Explain the following words.
Pawn () Ian ()
3. In the article, "If the public and others try their best to make the people righteous and secure, this is also a soldier of our country", which shows what thought Emperor Taizong attached importance to?
4. Which sentence of Mencius comes to mind?
Answer: 1, missing, missing, missing.
2, died (eventually) Ann (peace)
Emperor Taizong educated his deputies to try their best to make the people live a stable life. This is an idea that attaches importance to human harmony and has won the support of the people.
4. "The weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as people."
6.30 pieces of ultra-short classical Chinese with translation (the original text is less than 25 words) and 5 pieces of 600-word big composition (Fang Yan: "Reading the treasures of officials is far better than the Sui Dynasty")
Said: "the armor is well equipped and can't be missed. But Yang-ti's soldiers are not evil! Die on earth. This is our armor if you try your best to make people just and safe. "
Fang Lingxuan sang to Emperor Taizong: "I checked the armored weapons in the warehouse, far exceeding the Sui Dynasty." Tang Taizong said: "Weapons and equipment are indeed indispensable, but are Yang Di's weapons enough? Finally, he lost the world.
If you try your best to protect people's safety, this is my real weapon. "Chu (1) people have learned to sail, and its initial twists and turns (2) are slow, but the boatman is listening.
So between the small experimental islands, the direction was not satisfactory, and I thought I would try my best to operate the boat. Therefore, Xie Zhou's family is covered and the spine ③ enters the tympanic diameter, which is a great danger. He was afraid of falling and fell into the slurry.
Note ① Chu: the name of the ancient country. 20% off: turn around.
Spin: Turn around. ③ Vertebra: Knock with vertebra.
In ancient times, drums were used as trumpets when marching. (4) urgent: suddenly.
Conviction: chance encounter. ⑤: Same as "rudder".
There was a man who learned to sail in Chu State. At the beginning, he turned around and spun, fast and slow, completely obeying the master's words. So I tried my hand among the islands in the river, and I couldn't do anything well, so I thought I had learned all the skills of sailing.
I immediately bid farewell to the boatman and drummed (the ancients probably gave orders by drumming), and immediately I was in great danger. I looked around, terrified, and the rudder was out of control. However, isn't today's crisis the result of previous complacency? Lu is good at weaving (1) and his wife is good at weaving (2), but she wants to move to Vietnam.
Or: "I will be poor!" " Lu said, "Why?" Yue: "It's to do ③, and the more people do ④; It's also a crown. The more people send it. With children's strengths, they can swim in countries they don't need. Want to be infinite, can you get it? " (Excerpted from "Everything is done in the Forest") Note 1: Ma Xie.
(2) Silk: white silk, with which Zhou people made hats. 3 shoes: shoes, used as verbs here, refer to wearing shoes.
Four rudder: barefoot. There is a man in Lu who is good at knitting shoes with hemp and kudzu vine, and his wife is good at knitting silk. He wants to move to Vietnam.
Someone said to him, "You are destined to be poor." The Lu people said, "Why?" (answer) said: "the toilet is used to wear, but the more barefoot people walk;" It is used to make hats, but the more people wear hair.
With your professional knowledge, is it possible to go to a country that doesn't need (your products) and want to keep (yourself) rich? "Song He Zhongfu floating beam, with iron cow eight dimensions, a cow tens of thousands of jins. In the process of peacekeeping, the water rises to the top of the beam, and the cows are not in the river. Only those who can raise money can come out.
The real monk with soldiers and two small boats with solid soil grabbed the cow Wei Zhi, hooked the cow with big wood as a balance, removed the soil, and the boat floated the cow out. Transshipment made Zhang Dao smell it and gave him purple clothes.
Note: 1 pontoon: pontoon bridge. 2 d: tie, link.
3 Zhiping: the title of Zhao Shu, the British Emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty. True: But today Hebei is positive.
5 balance: scale, hammer, beam. In Song Dynasty, a pontoon bridge was built and eight Tieniu Town Bridges were cast.
During the reign of Zhiping, the river surged, washed away the pontoon bridge, and the iron ox sank to the bottom of the river. Officials are offering a reward to anyone who can make the iron cow surface.
A monk named Huai Bing suggested that the iron cow be fixed between two big ships full of mud and hooked with hook-shaped giant wood. At this time, the soil of the two ships will be gradually reduced, so that the weight of the hull will be reduced and the iron cow will be hooked out of the water. Zhang Dao (official name, in charge of military supplies and land and water transportation) gave the monk a purple cassock as a reward.
It is easy to be frugal, but difficult to be frugal. It's easy to go from thrift to luxury, but it's hard to go back from luxury to thrift. )
I think too hard about food and clothing to spend it easily. A meal of wine and meat can last for several days; One yarn and one silk can handle several coarse clothes.
Being neither greedy nor cold is enough, so why bother to eat well? There will always be a day of thinking, and if you don't always think about it, your descendants will always have food and clothing. It is easy to go from thrift to luxury, but it is difficult to go from luxury to thrift.
How can we enjoy today's (high) salary for a long time? How can I stay healthy for a long time? (If) one day (I was dismissed from office or died of illness, which is not the same as it is now), my family members have been used to living in luxury for a long time and can't be frugal immediately, (at that time) they will be hungry and cold (because of all their extravagance), then (whether) I am a (big) official or not, I am alive or dead, (the standard of living at home is the same) "Alas, one! When I was in Gong Jing, it rained and snowed for three days. The public, dressed in fox white, sat on one side of the hall.
Yan Zi entered the meeting and set up a room. Gong said, "How strange! It rained and snowed for three days, but it was not cold.
"This said to him," isn't it cold? "Laugh. Yan Zi said: "Babies know ancient sages, people are hungry when they are full, people are cold when they are warm, and people work when they are idle.
You don't know today. "Gong said," good.
I've heard of life. "This is a fuss about hunger and cold.
Note: Rain and snow: It's snowing. Rain, falling, falling, used as a verb.
The steps of the palace. Hear fate: I heard resignation.
Smell and listen; Life is resigned to fate. When Gong Jing was in power, it snowed for three days without cleaning up.
Gong Jing, wearing a white fox fur coat, sat on the steps at one side of the lobby. Yan Zi went into the palace and stood for a while. Gong Jing said, "It's strange that it snowed for three days, but it's not so cold."
Yan Zi said, "Is it really not cold?" Gong Jing smiled. Yan Zi said, "Yan Ying, I heard that wise kings in ancient times knew that others were hungry when they were full, and they knew that others were frozen when they were warm, and they were at ease, but they knew that others had worked hard.
Too bad you don't know now! "Gong Jing said," good! Then I was taught. "So I took out my fur coat and food and distributed them to those who were hungry and cold. 1. Amin Yanwu was very rich and went to Yi Shu.
His son Cangzhou is cool, good at painting and calligraphy, and has bought many famous pens. A friend's house has a roll of sleeves of the 18th Tang Dynasty in Song Palace. Every time he asks for them, he doesn't sell them at home unless it is 1000 yuan.
Wu's younger brother is rich and a brother, but he has accumulated money, but scholars often look down on him. One day, his younger brother, the painter, said, "Do eighteen bachelors need a thousand dollars?" The Lord said, "Of course."
So, several cities. The drunken brother and his vulgar self.
7. When Wei Wenhou was in power, Zizhi committed official crimes. He left Wei for the north to make a living. He called on Zhao Jianzi to say: "From now on, I will not be kind to others."
Jane said, "Why?" Confucius said, "I trained and promoted half of the taxis in Wei departments, half of the doctors in the imperial court and half of the border guards." Now the taxi in the palace speaks ill of me in front of the monarch, the doctor in the imperial court threatens me with the law, and the border guards stop me with weapons, so I will no longer be good for others. "
Zhao Jianzi said, "alas! What you said is wrong. If you plant peaches and plums in spring, you can enjoy the cool under them in summer and eat their fruits in autumn. When you plant tribulus in spring, you can't pick its leaves in summer, but you can only get its thorns in autumn.
From this perspective, it depends on what kind of trees are planted. Now you are wrong to train and promote people.
Therefore, gentlemen should choose their partners in advance before training and promotion. " 。
8. Translation of classical Chinese without clothes
The Book of Songs
Have I nothing to wear? Robe with my son.
Wang Yuxing, fix my spear and be an enemy of Zi!
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son.
Wang Yuxing, fix my spear and halberd [1] and work with his son!
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son.
Wang Yuxing, train my soldiers and walk with my son!
[translation]
Who said you didn't have a uniform? I'm in your robe. The king sent troops to fight, so you should repair our swords and guns quickly. With you, against the enemy, with the same goal. Who said you didn't have a uniform? I'll wear that shirt with you. The king sent his troops to fight, and the repaired spear and halberd sparkled and destroyed the enemy with you. Who said you didn't have a uniform? I'll wear that overalls with you. The king sent his troops to fight, repaired armor and weapons, and went with you to kill the enemy.