Three Poems "It's Hard to Walk" (I)
Lipper
The cost of pure wine, gold cup, a hip flask of 10 thousand copper, jade plate worth 10 thousand dollars.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun.
It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, there are many roads, where is Ann now?
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
Solve the problem of poetry
It is difficult to listen to the ancient Yuefu Zaqu. In 722 AD, the poet Ying Zhao went to Beijing to devote himself to the Hanlin, trying to display his ambition of saving the country and saving the world, but he soon felt excluded and could not find a political way out. He wrote this poem when he went or stayed.
All comments
1. Difficult to Go: The title of Yuefu's Zaqu has been changed. The content mostly describes the hardships of the world and the sadness of parting, and most of them begin with "I don't see you". The earliest extant Difficult Walk is Bao Zhao's Eighteen Poems. The predecessors thought that Li Bai's Difficult Walk was "learning from Bao Zhao". The first one is "Cann't Eat" based on Bao Zhao's "Difficult to Walk".
2. Bottle: an ancient instrument for holding wine. Spell 1000: describes the high price of wine. Shame: Precious comes first. Ashamed to pass "stubbornness". Through "value"
3. Bao Zhao's "Difficult to Walk": "You can't eat the case, draw your sword and hit the column."
4. Spare time: It is said that Lu Shang (Jiang Taigong) once fished in Panxi (now southeast of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) and finally met Zhou Wenwang. Dreaming of the sun by boat: According to legend, on the eve of Yi Yin's employment in Shang Tang, he dreamed that he passed the sun and the moon by boat. Both Lu Shang and Yi Yin helped the emperor to establish immortal achievements, and Li Bai showed that he still had great hopes for his political future.
5. Wind and waves: According to the biography of Song Shu Zong Yi, when Zong Yi was a teenager, his uncle Zong Bing asked him what his ambition was, and he said, "I would like to ride the wind and waves." Ji: Through it.
The golden cup was filled with precious wine, and the jade plate was filled with delicious food worth ten thousand yuan, but I stopped to throw chopsticks and didn't want to drink it. I drew my sword and looked around, at a loss. I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice and snow have frozen the river. I wanted to climb Taihang Mountain, but the snow filled the mountain and blocked the road. When Lu Shang lived in seclusion, he often fished in Bixi; Before Yi Yin was hired, he dreamed of passing the sun by boat. It's hard to go, it's hard to go! How many forks in the road, where is my way? One day, I can ride the wind and waves, hang Yun Fan high and stride forward in the sea!
Three poems of it is hard to go were written at the beginning of the third year of Tianbao (744) and bid farewell to the imperial court. At this time, Li Bai's mood is complex: depression, resentment, confusion, cynicism, conceit, self-confidence and other emotions are intertwined and full of emotions. In his poems, he compared the hardships of the world with those of the road, expressing his sense of injustice and his desire to continue pursuing his ideals. Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties: "The road is very difficult because of the ice jam and snow. But Japan has a dream to help the sea through the waves, and I haven't made up my mind to go. After two articles, I was afraid of it and decided to go. " When this article was first published, it was written like this, which was really difficult. "Timely" Li Shiwei "Volume 1:" Taibai is the voice of frustration and will be magnificent. If Du Zi doesn't. "
This is the first book in Three Difficult Walks written by Li Bai. Judging from the content, this group of poems should be written by Li Bai when he left Chang 'an in Tianbao Sanzai (744). "Difficult to walk" is an old topic in Yuefu zaju. It is a set of poems written by Li Bai when he left Chang 'an for the south at the beginning of the year. It is difficult to write about the world in poetry, and it is full of frustration after political setbacks.
Understand sentence by sentence:
(1) The first four sentences of the poem say that out of deep affection for Li Bai and out of regret that such a genius was abandoned, a friend held a farewell party at great expense. Li Bai, who is naive in drinking, will certainly "drink 300 cups at a time" because of this fine wine, delicious food and the hospitality of his friends. However, this time he picked up the cup and pushed it away. Pick up chopsticks, but leave them behind. He left his seat, drew his sword, looked around and lost his mind. The four continuous movements of stopping, throwing, pulling and caring vividly show the inner depression and emotional agitation.
(2) The following two sentences are followed by "hollow" and written on the front as "difficult to walk". The poet used "Frozen Sichuan" and "Snow Mountain" to symbolize the difficulties and obstacles on the road of life, which means that he thought of the experiences of these two historical figures and increased his confidence. Li Bai is a person who actively uses the world. He is ambitious and wants to do great things like Guan Zhong, Sean and Zhuge Liang. However, after being called into Beijing, the emperor did not reuse it and was vilified by the powerful ministers. Was "refunded" and kicked out of Chang' an in disguise. Isn't this just like the Yellow River holding Taihang Mountain when it encounters ice jam and snow? However, Li Bai is not the kind of person who is weak in character. From the beginning of "drawing a sword and looking around", he said that he would not be depressed and would continue to pursue it. "I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream, but I suddenly dream of driving a boat and sailing towards the sun." In a daze, the poet suddenly thought of two figures who did not go well politically at first, but made great achievements in the end: one was Lu Shang, who was fishing in Panxi at the age of 90 and met King Wen; One is Yi Yin. Before he was hired by Tang, he dreamed that he was sailing around the sun and the moon. The allusions of "fishing in Bixi" and "chasing a dream boat" express that one day, like the ancients, I can trust and reuse the rulers and establish confidence in making great achievements.
(3) The rhythm of these four sentences is very short, and they repeatedly lament their bumpy life path in the past, showing the complex psychology of sticking to it and continuing to explore the way out.
(4) In the last two sentences, the poet sang a strong voice full of confidence and prospects.
After all, Li Bai was a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was sad but not hurt, and the strong demand of making active use of the world finally freed him from the anguish of wandering. He believes that although there are many obstacles ahead, one day, he will ride the wind and waves, hang up the Yun Fan, cross the sea and reach the ideal shore.
The poet used "breaking the waves" as a metaphor for his great ambition, followed by "sometimes", which affirmed that this ambition would be put to good use. How generous and straightforward his firm belief and unyielding spirit are!
"Let me stand in Yun Fan and go straight to the bridge and the deep sea" comes from riding the long wind and breaking thousands of miles of waves, creating a vigorous and broad image and blending into the poet's grand blueprint of "helping the world and helping the people".
"It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, is it safe now?" The meeting between Lu Shang and Yi Yin certainly increased his confidence in the future, but when his thoughts returned to the present reality, he once again felt that the road to life was difficult. Looking forward to the future from the banquet, I only feel that the road ahead is rugged and there are many mistakes. Where is the road? This is another feeling in sharp and complicated contradictions. But Li Bai, who is stubborn and confident, never wants to show his discouragement at the farewell party. His strong demand for active use of the world finally freed him from the depression of drifting again and sang a strong voice full of confidence and prospects: "Ride the wind and waves, go straight to my Yun Fan and bridge the deep and deep sea!" He believes that although there are many obstacles ahead, one day, as Zong Yi said in Liu Song, he will ride the wind and waves, hang up the Yun Fan, cross the sea and reach the ideal shore.
This 14-sentence poem with 82 words can only be regarded as a short poem among the seven-character poems, but it has a long momentum pattern. One of the important reasons is that it reveals the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings in a hundred steps. At the beginning of the poem, "Golden Wine" and "Jade Plate and Precious Shame" make people feel like a happy banquet, but the following two details, "Quit drinking and throw chopsticks" and "Draw a sword and look around", show a strong impact of emotional waves. In the middle four sentences, I just sighed "the ice jam in Sichuan" and "the snow is flying all over the mountains", and suddenly it took a thousand years, as if I saw Lu Shang and Yi Yin suddenly being reused by the monarch from their humble positions. The poet's psychological disappointment alternates rapidly with hope, depression and pursuit. "It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, is it safe now?" The four sentences with short rhythm and strong jumping are completely inner monologues in an anxious state, forcing Xiao to convey the complex psychology of wandering back and forth and continuing to explore and pursue without evidence. At the end of the sentence, after several twists and turns, the realm was suddenly enlightened, and I sang a high-pitched and optimistic tone, believing that my ideals and ambitions would be realized one day. Through such ups and downs of feelings, it not only fully shows the suppression of the poet's grand ideals and ambitions by the dark and dirty political reality, but also reflects the poet's strong inner repression, anger and the injustice caused by it, and at the same time highlights the poet's stubbornness, self-confidence and persistent pursuit of ideals, showing the poet's powerful spiritual strength in trying to get rid of repression.
This poem is influenced by Bao Zhao's quasi-theme and expression, but shine on you is better than blue. Their poems all reflect the suppression of talents by feudal rulers to a certain extent, but due to the reasons of the times and the poet's spiritual temperament, Li's poems are more profound and intense, and at the same time, they also show positive pursuit, optimistic self-confidence and tenacious adherence to ideals. Therefore, compared with Bao Zheng, Shi Li's ideological realm is higher.
Appreciation of famous sentences: "One day, I will ride the wind and waves, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea."
Despite the obstacles ahead, the poet believes that he will one day hang high in Yun Fan, ride the wind and waves, cross the ocean and reach the ideal shore. This is an active pursuit and optimistic self-confidence.
Now I often use these two poems to express my great ideal burden and firm belief in realizing my ideal ambition.
The characteristics of this poem:
A narrative begins with Bao Zhao, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, imitating the sixth poem "Difficult to Walk", "You can't eat the case, draw your sword and strike the column with a sigh". The poet wrote a feast of "golden sake" and "jade plate and delicacies" with exaggerated brushwork, but the poet stopped drinking, lost chopsticks, drew his sword and could not drink, and his heart was at a loss. His mood is different from that of quasi-it's difficult to go.
B Association and transition, the poet wants to "cross the Yellow River and climb Taihang Mountain", but "ice blocks the river and snow covers Shan Ye", which symbolizes the hardships of life and contains infinite grief and indignation. Although the road to reality is bumpy, the dream is still there and the ideal is still there. The poet thought that Lu had been fishing in Panxi in Weishui until he met King Wen. Before Yi Yin was hired by a businessman, he dreamed of going through the sun and the moon by boat. Lu Shang and Yi Yin finally realized their wishes. These two allusions express that poets should be as successful as they are.
C direct lyric, the poet's long-cherished wish of "saving the world" has never been realized, so he lamented "it's hard to go! The journey is very hard and there are many roads. Is it safe now? " At the end of the poem, this allusion is used to express one's political ambition, just like Zong Yi. Wake up in depression and believe that you will have time to display your talents.
The meaning of each word:
Golden vase and jade plate-exquisite tableware.
Sake and delicacies-extremely rare wine and delicacies.
Spell 1000 yuan, straight 10000 yuan-the most precious words of dining tables.
Abstaining from drinking, not eating, drawing a sword, at a loss-the author is depressed and angry.
The Yellow River is frozen, Taihang Mountain is covered with snow-"unable to move"
The author is optimistic and confident.
The role of borrowing historical stories in poetry;
Borrowing the allusions of Bixi, where Lu Shang fished, and Dream Boat, Yi Yin, I dream that one day I can trust and reuse the rulers like the ancients and build a great cause. When his thoughts came back to reality again, he still felt the hardships of life. Looking forward to the future, I only feel that the road ahead is rugged and there are many detours. Where is the road?
Question 1: What prevents poets from eating "golden sake" and "jade plate delicacies"?
Li Bai is about to leave. Out of deep affection for him, friends gave a banquet to see him off. But he picked up the glass and pushed it away, picked up the chopsticks and put them down again. He left the party and looked around, at a loss. Because of heavy melancholy and deep grief and indignation, the poet could not swallow or eat wine. Because the traitor blocked the road to virtue, the poet was sad and depressed.
Question 2: What kind of ambition does the last sentence of the poem express?
Even though the road ahead is steep and diverse, the poet believes that one day, he will cross the sea and reach the other side of the ideal. It highlights his heroism and optimism that he is ready to break through all obstacles and display his ambitions. This is the strongest sound he sings.
Question 3: How does this poem reflect Li Bai's romantic poetic style?
1) Clever use of historical stories
2) Exaggerated description and metaphor
3) The leaping structure, with fourteen sentences and eighty-two words, can only be regarded as short poems in seven words and deeds, but it is leaping and has a long momentum pattern. One of the important reasons is that he revealed the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings with a hundred steps.