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Rhyme is a genre of China's traditional poetry, which belongs to the category of modern poetry. Named for its strict metrical requirements. Metric poems originated from Shen Yue and other new-style poems that emphasized the antithesis of metrical poems in the Southern Dynasties, and were further developed and stereotyped by Shen Quanqi and Song in the early Tang Dynasty, and prevailed in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Rhyme has strict rules in word, rhyme, even tone and antithesis. Its common types are five-character poems and seven-character poems.
A fixed number of sentences
Metric poems are generally eight sentences each, and more than eight sentences are called parallel sentences or long sentences. An eight-sentence metrical poem, every two sentences are linked together, is called quadruple. Traditionally, the first couplet is the first couplet, the second couplet is the parallel couplet, the third couplet is the neck couplet, and the fourth couplet is the tail couplet. The upper sentence of each couplet is called a sentence, the lower sentence is called a sentence, and the two sentences form a sentence relationship; The relationship between prepositional antithesis sentence and prepositional sentence is called adjacent sentence relationship.
The number of words in a metrical poem is uniform, and each sentence is five or seven words, which are called five-word metrical poem and seven-word metrical poem respectively. The five laws stipulate that every sentence has five words, and the first word is forty words; Seven laws stipulate seven words for each sentence and fifty-six words for the whole sentence. There are also six-character sentences, all of which begin with 48 characters. They are called six-character poems, and there are few handed down works.
Rhyme is very strict
The rhyme feet are usually flat and must be rhymed according to the words in the rhyme book. In principle, only the original rhyme can be used, not the adjacent rhyme; Even if it is a little looser, the adjacent rhyme can only use the first sentence of rhyme, which is called borrowing rhyme. Rhyme also requires the whole poem to rhyme, that is, the ending rhymes, and the middle rhyme is not allowed. The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, and the first sentence can be taken or not. The five laws take the first sentence as a positive example and rhyme as an example; The seven laws take the rhyme of the first sentence as a positive example, and the non-rhyme as a variant.
Pay attention to leveling.
The sentence pattern and the level of each sentence in metrical poetry have rules to follow: pay attention to adhesion and correctness. Allow the rhyme in a broad sense to lose its adhesion, and not in a narrow sense. "Sticking" is a violation of the rule that the second word of the linking sentence is the same as the second word of the linking sentence.
There is a rule in sentence patterns, that is, each pair will be reversed: the level of the fourth word is opposite to the second word, and the sixth word is opposite to the fourth word. This repetition forms a sense of rhythm. However, every word can be reversed, because the stress falls on even syllables and the singular syllables are relatively unimportant.
Therefore, there is a formula of "whether one, three, five, two, four and six are distinct", that is to say, the level of the first, three and five words (only seven words) can be handled flexibly, while the level of the second, four, six and last word must be strictly observed. This formula is not completely accurate. In some cases, one, three and five must be discussed, and two, four and six may be ambiguous in some sentence patterns.