1. Teaching materials
1. Analysis of teaching materials
"Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" is a famous poet, essayist, scholar, and democracy fighter in the history of modern Chinese literature. Mr. Zhu Ziqing's masterpiece. This is a lyrical prose about scenery. The author describes to us a beautiful scene of a lotus pond under the moonlight, with beautiful and elegant language. The requirements for reading in the new vocational high school Chinese teaching syllabus are: "On the basis of junior high school Chinese, cultivate the ability to appreciate literary works. Understand the basic characteristics of literary works and initially master the methods of appreciating literary works; feel the literary image and taste literature The expressiveness of the language and artistic techniques of the work provides the ability to initially appreciate literary works. "The editor arranged the reading and appreciation of prose in the fifth unit of the second volume of vocational high school Chinese according to the outline requirements. This article is the first text. It is an intensive reading article, but for this lesson, teachers should not analyze too much and cumbersomely, just stop at the point. The emphasis is on guiding students to read carefully, savor repeatedly, and understand the author's emotions and ingenious ideas that permeate the article, as well as the charm of language art.
2. Talk about students
Students are the main body of learning. Most first-year students in vocational high schools have a certain understanding of prose, from Zhu Ziqing's "Hurry" and "Spring" to "Venice" ", have some understanding of the beauty of language and artistic conception. However, because our students have a superficial understanding of the problem and know it but do not know why, their reading is still at extensive reading and first reading, and their thinking and aesthetic abilities are still there. Being cultivated and formed. In view of this situation, teachers should make full use of their interests to guide students into a specific aesthetic mood and cultivate students' minds that are tranquil and suitable for accepting beautiful things.
3. Teaching objectives
Based on students’ learning characteristics, teaching material characteristics and syllabus requirements, the teaching objectives are formulated as follows: (show courseware)
(1) Emotional and Attitude goal: Understand the author's hesitant and depressed mood and feelings of self-improvement and longing for a free and beautiful life revealed in the work.
(This article was written in 1927, when Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution and China was plunged into darkness. Read the text to understand the reason why the author's heart is "not peaceful".)
(2) Knowledge Ability goals: Appreciate the moonlit beauty of the lotus pond described by the author, understand the writing techniques that blend scenes, figure out the language, appreciate the lyricism of the language, and learn the author's skills in using language. At the same time, learn the use of rhetorical techniques such as metaphor, personification, and synaesthesia in this article.
(This article is cleverly conceived. The lotus pond written about is the lotus pond under the moon; the moonlight written about is the moonlight on the lotus pond. The author skillfully combines the description of the lotus pond with the description of the moonlight to highlight the elegance The beauty of the hazy and quiet artistic conception. Beautiful language and appropriate use of metaphors and synaesthetic rhetorical techniques are a major feature of this article.)
(3) Process and method goals: Proper improvement and guidance by teachers. Next, cultivate students' learning style of "autonomy, cooperation, and inquiry" and make Chinese classes open-ended.
[Explanation] The above three goals are determined to reflect the teaching philosophy of equal emphasis on "knowledge and ability, process and method, emotion and attitude" advocated by the "New Curriculum Standards".
4. Key points and difficulties in teaching
Appreciation of the fourth, fifth and sixth paragraphs of the text. The language of this article is full of poetic and picturesque flavor, and appreciating the beauty of using language is the focus of this lesson. The first time students come into contact with the rhetorical technique of synaesthesia should also be considered as a key point. There are two main difficulties: one is why the author has a "rather uneasy" mood, and the other is the role of writing about the old custom of picking lotus in Jiangnan. In addition, the language of the excerpts from "Cai Lian Fu" quoted in the textbook is difficult to understand, but the annotations are detailed and students can solve the problem on their own based on the annotations.
2. Lecture teaching method
With the help of multimedia courseware teaching methods, the teaching mode is adopted: stimulating interest-perception-reading, appreciation-discussion-expansion and extension. Let students search and collect information beforehand. It advocates the transformation of teachers from necessary pulling to letting go, to students' learning style of "autonomy, cooperation, and inquiry", which truly reflects the leading role of teachers and the dominant position of students. At the same time, teachers provide timely inspiration and guidance to make the entire teaching orderly, thus building a Chinese language classroom with harmonious and equal interaction between teachers and students.
3. Talking about learning methods
An important concept of the new curriculum reform is to cultivate students’ self-learning ability. To this end, I have designed the following learning methods: reading aloud method and appreciation method , discussion method, questioning method, etc. to guide students how to appreciate the lyrical prose of describing scenes, how to analyze the language of the works, and appreciate the beautiful artistic conception of the blending of scenes.
4. Use of teaching aids
Radio recorders, reading tapes, multimedia courseware
5. Teaching design
Plan two lessons.
First lesson
Teaching idea: Create a situation to introduce a new lesson, explain the topic, introduce the author and the background of the era, read the text, initially perceive the content of the text, and grasp the emotional tone of the work, Focus on appreciating paragraphs 4-6, and appreciate the language, metaphor, synaesthesia, and use of overlapping words in the work
The second lesson
Teaching idea: focus on understanding the author's emotions through discussion and questioning , feel the beautiful artistic conception of the article's blend of scenes.
The first lesson teaching content and steps
(1) Stimulating interest
1. Create a situation and introduce the text. (Design a better teaching environment to pave the way for text teaching.)
On a summer night, the moon rose and it was a full moon. Our protagonist was depressed and wanted to relax. , so I wanted to take a walk in the lotus pond. The lotus pond is so beautiful under the moonlight, and the moonlight on the lotus pond is also intoxicating. The scenery is like a quiet, peaceful and beautiful picture. The author described this painting to us and it became a famous and well-known article. When we read his article, it is like seeing the painting. That article is the famous "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond", and the author is Mr. Zhu Ziqing, a famous poet, essayist, scholar, and democracy fighter in the history of modern Chinese literature. (Use modern teaching media to display the scenery of the lotus pond with music and write topics on the blackboard.)
2. Introduction to the author and the background of the era
Strive to be innovative, introduce the author in the form of storytelling, and break through The traditional introduction method cultivates students' innovative spirit. In particular, the author's noble moral character of not eating what he has come to eat deeply affects students and stimulates their curiosity for knowledge. Today we walk into the lotus pond of Tsinghua University Garden with deep respect to appreciate the magic of Mr. Zhu Ziqing’s wonderful rejuvenation. (This step is designed because Zhu Ziqing is a famous modern writer, and you should know more about him. Show the courseware.)
(2) Perception
1. Teacher's sample reading of music score The text
Students listen and read, and determine the emotional tone of reading based on the exchange of listening and reading feelings. After the teacher guides the reading method, they read the key paragraphs together. In this way, students will follow the instructions and have a sense of beauty in reading, allowing students to feel as if they are on the scene and receive the influence of beauty, which will also lay the foundation for later appreciation of language.
Requirements:
(1) Mark out the pronunciation of the incorrect words. If Ruqu, pronounce the first tone; Like, pronounce the retroflex sound when it is together with "like".
(2) Mark the serial number of the natural segment.
2. Students read the text to themselves and perceive the content of the text as a whole
(1) Students read aloud softly, accompanied by light music. ("Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent." Reading aloud is the most direct and true perception of the language and content of the text. It is also the most direct way for students to communicate emotionally with the article independently. Through self-reading, students can initially perceive the author's Writing intention. This design follows the principle of progression, from shallow to deep, paving the way for reading the text)
The teacher guides students to discover problems, gain feelings and understandings during the reading process, and summarize them in concise and accurate language. . At the same time, teachers can provide the following questions for students to think about:
(A) What are the scenery written in the article?
(B) What are the paragraphs in the article that directly correspond to the title?
(2) Groups communicate and discuss their respective understandings and related issues. Teachers provide guidance and participate in exchanges and discussions.
(3) Teacher-led, teachers and students answer each other. (Depending on the specific situation, the unresolved issues will be discussed on a larger scale, still with students as the main subject.)
Leading question:
(A) The best question in the article Which sentence reflects the author's emotional tone?
(B) What kind of thoughts and feelings does the article reveal? Is this feeling strong or weak? What is the context of the author's emotional development? (Clear these questions Then, start from paragraphs 4-5)
(3) Reading-Appreciation
1. Partial study, appreciate the beauty of the lotus pond and moonlight in Zhu Ziqing's works, and experience the expression of emotions and scenes through scenes The superb skills of blending and understanding the author's thoughts, feelings and language characteristics.
(1) Students read 4-5 paragraphs aloud, using pictures and images to intuitively taste metaphors, personification, synaesthesia and other rhetorical expression effects, and experience the beauty of language.
(Show the courseware)
The teacher calls on students with good reading skills to demonstrate reading aloud, and can also encourage students to volunteer to read aloud. (The curriculum standards require students to speak out their own experiences about the situations and images in the works. During the reading and reading exchange, let students’ thoughts collide with each other, causing excitement and generating more sparks. When students have insights After that, the relevant passages should be read with full and sincere emotions. Teachers should encourage and affirm students' reading, so that students can experience the joy of success)
(2) Appreciate the lotus pond under the moonlight. Savor the beauty of language and appreciate the characteristics of scenery.
When writing about lotus leaves, compare it to the skirt of a graceful dancing girl; when writing about lotus flowers, compare it to pearls, stars, and beauties; when writing about lotus fragrance, the fragrance of lotus can only be smelled from a distance. This feeling is connected with the vague singing. The author grasps the characteristics of the lotus pond scenery and uses metaphors, personification, synaesthesia and other rhetorical images to realistically describe the beauty of the form, dynamic beauty and static beauty of the scenery.
In this paragraph, the author concentrates his pen and ink on describing the lotus pond under the moon, but it is far from the lotus pond he usually walks through, but the lotus pond in the author's heart. Through these scenes, the author expresses his quality of "coming out of the filth without being stained" and his feeling of being clean and self-sufficient and not collaborating with the dark forces. The description of the scenery is integrated with the author's emotions, and the scenery has vitality.
The above content should fully guide students to think and grasp, and teachers should give timely guidance, and then teachers can summarize and summarize according to the situation.
(3) Appreciation of the Moonlight over the Lotus Pond
Based on the analysis of the fourth paragraph, students will freely discuss the wonderful uses of several verbs of appreciation, and once again clarify the role of synaesthetic rhetorical techniques. Teachers can provide courseware to help students understand. After discussion, the hazy and harmonious beauty of the lotus pond under the moonlight also appeared before our eyes.
2. Show the slides about lotus again to enhance students' feelings and further appreciate the artistic conception of the article.
3. Summary This lesson is indispensable. The teacher summarizes the characteristics of the language in this article and points out that the author's faint joy is revealed in the softness and harmony.
Here, the teacher stops at the point without giving too much explanation. The audio-visual effects of multimedia are complemented by music. Students rely on their own aesthetic ability and imagination to perceive the beauty of the artistic conception of the article. Finally, read and appreciate these two pictures, accompanied by music, so that students can integrate into the supreme artistic realm given by the author. This concludes the first lesson.
(4) Discussion
1. The second lesson focuses on understanding the author’s emotions.
Complete the teaching content in the form of discussion based on reading and appreciating 4-5 paragraphs. (Courseware display)
Discussion 1:
Recall the characteristics of the scene descriptions in paragraphs 4-6, and think about why there are such scene characteristics? Find sentences that express the author's mood. Understand the author's emotions
Discussion 2:
Considering the background of the times, what is the origin of the author's "rather restless" mood?
Discussion 3:
What is the significance of the author quoting "Lotus Picking Ode" and "Xizhou Song" about picking lotuses?
2. Classroom exercises
After clarifying the problem, write four. Five and six paragraphs are three-in-one, asking students to recite to music
The teaching effect is mainly tested through classroom exercises. According to the teaching objectives of this lesson and the characteristics of students and the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, I position the exercises in memory;
p>Recite paragraph 4 within a limited time, and the effect can be judged by the students themselves.
(5) Expansion and extension
(Chinese learning should be based on teaching materials, but it cannot be limited to teaching materials. It should be extended to life and focus on the guidance of students’ humanistic spirit)
(6) After-class exercises
Learn the writing method of blending scenes in this article, write a text describing the scenery, and express some of your own feelings.