The poem "Standing Clouds" does not use allusions, but imitates the form of "The Book of Songs". The poem uses Bixing techniques and repetitive compositions, and uses contrasting descriptions of the natural environment to express emotions that cannot be compared with those of the Book of Songs. The emotion of friends drinking and talking freely fully expresses the poet's deep longing for his friends. At the same time, lines in the poem such as "Eight expressions are in the same dark", "A level road is blocked", "A level land becomes a river", etc., imply the poet's concern for the world's difficulties.
The poem "Standing Clouds" was written in the spring of the third year of Yuanxing (404), the third year of Emperor Yuanxing of Jin'an. At that time, the author lived idlely in his hometown of Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi). The year before, Huan Xuan usurped the throne of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Jiankang (now Nanjing). In February of this year, Liu Yu captured Jingkou (now Zhenjiang) and Guangling (now Yangzhou), and further captured Jiankang (now Nanjing). Huan Xuan fled through Xunyang and took Emperor Jin to Jiangling (in today's Hubei).
Translation: The poem "Standing Clouds" was written in memory of relatives and friends. The wine bottles are filled with clear new wine, and the back garden is lined with first-blooming flowers. However, my beautiful wishes cannot be realized, and I sigh helplessly, and my mind is filled with sorrow.
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Poem appreciation:
This poem takes two words from the first sentence as the title. The title has nothing to do with the content of the poem. The content of this poem is "missing relatives and friends" mentioned in the preface. The poem uses pictorial techniques and repetitive composition, and fully expresses the poet's deep longing for his friend through the contrasting description of the natural environment and the emotion of not being able to drink and talk with his friends.
The whole poem runs through Tao Yuanming's resentment for not being able to enjoy happiness with his friends. This fully expresses the poet's warmth towards his friends and his deep affection for hoping to enjoy happiness with his friends.
Whether it is the annoyance of "good friends are long-distance friends, scratching one's head and looking back", or the helplessness of "I wish to express my love for someone, but the boat and carriage are slow to follow", whether it is "having a peaceful dinner, talking about his life" The desire, or the worry of "Is there no one else and too many thoughts?" all show the poet's warm heart and deep affection.
It is precisely because of his warm heart and deep love for his friends that the poet fell into loneliness: "Competing to use new good things to enjoy the remaining feelings." - The trees in the East Garden that have just sprouted new buds are all competing to use their hair. The branches and leaves with buds make me happy. This is exactly the hallucination caused by loneliness, or for masturbation. Because of his loneliness, the poet envied the "harmonious voices" of the "flying birds" and became even more "hatred".
The poem "Eight Tables Dusk Together" and other lines appear to be about the weather, but using the scene before thunderstorms in summer or snow in winter to describe the weather in spring seems to be too descriptive. Obviously, it is a metaphor. The political situation of the country is darkened by feudal nobles and warlords competing for central power, which implies the poet's concern for the world's troubles.