Sentences are uneven in length and level. How to understand the beauty of rhythm and rhyme in Li Sao?

The sentences are not uniform in length and level, and the beauty of rhythm and rhyme in Li Sao: Li Sao absorbed the language style of Chu folk songs, broke the four-sentence pattern in The Book of Songs, extended the sentence pattern and expanded the volume of poetry. Sima Qian not only chose the flexible syntax of folk songs, but also absorbed the syntax of essays in the Warring States period, and used "a long way to go" and "a long breath" in his works, thus creating a kind of miscellaneous sentences with clear rhythm and uneven levels.

There are many "reasonable words" in Li Sao, that is, ingenious layers of changes: "Mulan falls early, autumn chrysanthemum falls late", "the lotus maker thinks the clothes are good, and the lotus collector thinks the clothes are good"; There are also some "extremes meet", that is, the relativity of historical allusions commonly used in the upper and lower sentences: "Lv Wang's drum knife is clumsy, and Zhou Wen won it. Ning Qi mourned the stupidity of the car, and Qi Huan heard it. " However, this kind of sentence only accounts for a very small number in Qu Yuan's works, and the sentence that is uneven has certain advantages.

Judging from the actual effect of rhythm, the book of songs focuses on uniformity, while Qu Yuan's works focus on unevenness. Generally speaking, the poems in The Book of Songs take four sentences as typical sentence patterns, and the sentences have a sense of rhythm. The typical sentences in Li Sao are all five or six words, and the sentences are often very rhythmic. "Four words are simple, the sentence is short, and the tone is uncomfortable; Seven words are floating, and the text is complicated. " Li Sao is neither four words nor seven words, but a free body with flexible sentence patterns. "Being quick is the key to the quality of literature", and the sense of rhythm in language expression has a unique expression effect. The cross-use of five sentences, six sentences, seven sentences and nine sentences, according to the ups and downs of characters, intentionally leads to the ups and downs of language expression rhythm, resulting in the special beauty of language expression rhythm in Li Sao.

The difference between Li Sao and The Book of Songs is that when the left and right sentences may be layered, Li Sao purposefully changes the structural form of words and phrases, making them have uneven aesthetic feeling, such as "riding eight dragons, holding the cloud flag as a snake" and "holding the tears as bright as the flowers, touching the words". "Bend" and "tail snake" are the relativity of reduplicated words and conjunctions, and "ZSZSZSZ Qi" and "ZSZSZSZ Qi" are the relativity of phrases and reduplicated words. The change of corresponding words or phrases only changes the language form and then produces the melody change of poetic language.