Year: Qing Dynasty Author: Nalan Xingde
Who reads the west wind alone, rustling yellow leaves and closing the window, reminiscing about the past and setting the sun.
It was unusual at that time to get drunk in spring and gamble on books and pour tea.
(2) Wang Jiangnan's transcendental stage works
Year: Song Author: Su Shi
Spring is not old, the wind is fine and the willows are oblique. Try to see it on the detached stage, half the city is full of flowers. Fog and rain darken thousands of people.
After a cold meal, I woke up but felt uncomfortable. Don't miss the old country for the old friend, try new tea with new fire. Poetry and wine use time.
(3) Cold nights
Year: Southern Song Dynasty Author: Du Lei
On a cold night, guests come to tea for wine, and the bamboo stove soup is boiling red at first.
As usual, there are plum blossoms in front of the window, and there are plum blossoms before the month.
(4) Huanxi sand rustling clothes towel falling jujube years: Song Author: Su Shi
There are jujube flowers in the rustling clothes, cars ringing in the south and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold in the cow clothes Guliu.
The sun is shining, but he is too thirsty. He wants to find some water to drink. So he knocked on a villager's door and asked, can I have a bowl of tea?
(5) Spring Rain in the Early Years of Lin 'an Author: Song Author: Lu You
In recent years, officials are interested in a thin layer of gauze. Who will let me take a bus to Kyoto to visit this bustling city?
Living in a small building and listening to the falling spring rain, you will hear the sound of selling apricots in the depths of the alley early in the morning.
Slowly spread out small pieces of paper sideways, every word is organized, carefully boil water and tea under the sun window, skim it and try to taste famous tea.
Plain clothes don't sigh, still bright at home.
1. Appreciate the word Nalanxingde in Huanxisha. The first part is meditation here and now, and the second part is memories of the past. The first half is the loneliness of Nalanxingde here and now, and the second half is the short and infinite joy of Nalanxingde and his wife in just three years.
Shang Kun wrote about loneliness and desolation after losing his wife. The first sentence begins with the feeling of seasonal changes. The west wind is getting tighter and the chill is invading people. In late autumn, if in the past, Lushi would urge the author to add clothes to avoid catching cold and getting sick. But at this time of the year, Lu has been buried in the loess, separated by Yin and Yang, and she can no longer make the bed for the author and care about him. "Who reads the west wind alone?" The answer to this rhetorical question is self-evident, mixing the ambivalence of expectation and disappointment. Wang Guowei said in "Words on Earth": "All scenery words are sentimental words." The opening "West Wind" laid the sad tone of the whole poem. In the winter when the west wind blows and the yellow leaves rustle, the author closes the window and feels particularly cold, but who cares? The poet knows that it is "cold alone" and no one cares, but he is determined to give birth to the question of "who cares". This first sentence alone has already hurt people's hearts, and future generations can't help but feel the same. The word "cool" not only describes the weather, but also describes the poet's mood.
The second sentence "rustling yellow leaves" is a typical scene in autumn. Under the strong autumn wind, the yellow leaves floated into the house through the window, adding a layer of autumn to the author's heart. So he closed the window and kept the yellow leaves out of the window. As soon as the window is closed, the yellow leaves naturally won't bother me, but the author is completely isolated from the outside world, so the situation is even more lonely. The feeling of loneliness moved the author by the scene. He stood alone in the empty room, letting the sunset shine obliquely on him, dragging his figure for a long time. At this time, his whole body and mind are immersed in memories of the past. Facing the rustling yellow leaves, there is infinite sadness. How can "sad people" have a burden? Nalan Xingde may only "open the window", trying to escape the pain in order to achieve a short inner peace. The poets of West Wind, Yellow, Sparse Window, Sunset and Nostalgia came here, and the intentions listed between the lines seemed to be pushed into a fixed lens. The bleak scenery set off the author's bleak memories and was deeply moved by readers for a long time.
Xia Gan naturally wrote the poet's recollection of the past. The first two sentences recall two fragments of his wife's life at home: the first sentence describes her meticulous consideration and concern for herself. She drank too much wine and fell asleep in the spring. Her wife was afraid of disturbing his good dream, so she spoke softly and didn't dare to disturb him. The latter sentence describes the pleasure of a husband and wife's elegant life. Husband and wife bet on the book with tea and pointed out to each other that something was on a page of the book. Whoever can say for sure will raise a glass to drink tea for fun, so that tea will spill all over the floor and the room will smell of tea. This episode of life is very similar to the scene when Li Qingzhao, a famous poet, and her husband Zhao Mingcheng gambled on books, which shows that their lives are full of poetry and happiness. Nalan Xingde compared himself with Lu in the works of Zhao Mingcheng and Li Qingzhao, to show his deep love for Lu and his infinite sadness at losing such a talented wife. Nalan Xingde is an infatuated person, who is already "between life and death", separated by Yin and Yang, but still can't give up this feeling, and people with temperament can't help but burst into tears. Sad Nalan Xingde knew that he couldn't pull everything together, and he could only turn all his grief and helplessness into the last sentence. "It was unusual to only know at that time." These seven words are full of blood and tears. Before Lu died, the author was immersed in the greatest happiness of life, but he was unaware of it, only knowing that it should be so ordinary. The implication is that the author regrets it.
Complete words with scenery. From the west wind and yellow leaves, I feel lonely and miss my dead wife; Following the feeling of missing his dead wife, he gave birth to memories of his dead wife's life scene; In the end, two life fragments have endless regrets. Scenery is a common scene, but it vividly expresses the author's heavy sadness, so it can be moving.
Second, the appreciation of "Looking at the South of the Yangtze River, Transcendent Works" 1074 (the seventh year of Xining in Song Shenzong) In autumn, Su Shi moved from Hangzhou to Mizhou (now Zhucheng in Shandong). In August of the following year, he ordered someone to repair the old platform in the north of the city. His brother Su Zhe titled it "Transcendence" and took the meaning of "Although I have a glorious view, I am detached". 1076 (Nine Years of Xining) At the end of spring, Su Shi boarded the transcendental platform, looked at the misty rain in spring, touched the feeling of homesickness, and wrote this work. This heroic and graceful poem, through the complex changes of spring scenery and the author's feelings and demeanor, expresses the poet's open-minded and detached mind and attitude towards life. The first part of the poem is about the suburban scenery in late spring when I was on stage.
First of all, with the attitude of spring willow in Spring Breeze-"the wind is thin and the willow is oblique", it points out the seasonal characteristics at that time: spring dusk is not old. The sentence "Try it" simply says that you are overlooking, and "a flower city with half-filled spring water" is set in the middle of the sentence, and the front picture is spread out with spring water and spring flowers. Then take "misty rain darkens thousands of households" as the conclusion, condescending, saying that misty rain hangs over thousands of households. In this way, the city has a panoramic view. The author writes about scenery, paying attention to the strong contrast in color, and vividly conveying the color changes in different time and space in spring through the contrast between light and shade.
The next part is about feelings, which is closely related to the scene written in the last part. "After a cold meal, I wake up after drinking, but I feel anxious", which further points out the boarding time. Cold food, two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day, is said to be a memorial meson push. From this day on, the fire will be banned for three days; After the cold food, it is called "new fire" to rekindle. It is pointed out here that "after cold food". On the one hand, after the cold food, you can start a "new fire". On the other hand, after the cold food, it is Tomb-Sweeping Day who should go home to sweep the grave. However, at this time, I want to return. The above two sentences are full of emotion, full of twists and turns, which reflects the author's endless yearning for his old country and friends. In order to get rid of homesickness, the writer of "the old country is not an old friend, and the new fire tries new tea" takes tea as his own self-dismissal, which not only implies the poet's hard-to-get-rid of depression, but also expresses his self-psychological adjustment to get rid of this depression.
"Poetry and wine take advantage of the time" further points out that we should be detached from things, forget everything in the world, seize the opportunity, and entertain ourselves with poetry and wine. "Time" refers to a good time, which corresponds to the "spring is not old" mentioned in the opening paragraph. The whole word revolves around the word "detachment", and at this point, it has entered the highest realm of "detachment". This realm is the concrete embodiment of Su Shi's mood and ci realm during his stay in Mizhou.
The word "love" comes from the scene, and the scene blends. Images of late spring, such as oblique willows, terraced fields, springs, city flowers and misty rain, as well as details of burning new fire and trying new tea, vividly and delicately express the author's subtle and complicated inner activities and the warm homesickness of wanderers. The combination of writing foreign scenery and expressing homesickness is so seamless that the author's profound artistic skill can be seen.
The first part of this word is to write scenery, and the second part is lyric, which is a typical lyric by borrowing scenery. The scene in the last movie contains the element of "setting off sadness with pleasure", which expresses the author's helplessness and frustration at having a home but unwilling to pay. More importantly, the whole poem expresses homesickness, especially the author's comfort with tea narration.
3. Appreciation of the poem "Cold Night" was selected by "Thousand Poems", so it was widely circulated. Almost anyone who has read some ancient poems can recite them. "Guests come to tea for wine on a cold night" is used as a verb. Often said, when said, often do not need to think, blurt out, but careful taste, there is always a multi-layer turning point, "cold night guests come to tea as wine", can make people have a lot of associations. First of all, when guests come, the host doesn't prepare wine. This guest must be a regular customer and a regular customer. He can "knock on the door all night with his cane". The host doesn't have to prepare wine specially, and he doesn't have to feel neglected because there is no wine. Secondly, on a cold night, people who are interested in going out to play must not be amateurs. He and his host have the same language and the same mood, so they have a deep friendship, so they can make tea with their host and talk around the stove on a cold night, with or without wine.
In the first two sentences, the poet and the guests are in front of the stove at night. The charcoal fire in the stove has just turned red and the hot water in the pot is tumbling. The host and guests drink fragrant tea together and talk to the fire. It's cold outside, warm as spring inside, and the poet's mood is very different from that outside. In three or four sentences, change the angle and integrate the scenery into reasoning. Late at night, the bright moon shines in front of the window, and the cold plum fragrance penetrates the window. These two words mean that the host and guest talked very speculatively at the window, but they attracted plum blossoms intentionally or unintentionally, which made me feel that the common moonlight and peace are often different. Poets write plum blossoms, of course, with the meaning of praising plum blossoms, but more of them are secretly praising tourists. As usual, two months before the window, like-minded friends came and enjoyed tea in the moonlight. This atmosphere is very different from peacetime.
This poem looks like prose, but it vividly reflects the poet's happy mood and is thought-provoking. Song Huangsheng appreciates three or four sentences in Flowers in Yulin, pointing out that Su Su's poem "Jinling is like others, weeping willows are planted on the palace wall, but different" is similar to Du Lei's poem, and both of them have different meanings, which can be said to really understand the taste outside the poem.
Appreciation of the words "Huanxisha, rustling clothes and falling jujube flowers" written by Su Shi when he was an official in Xuzhou (now Jiangsu Province). According to the superstitious custom at that time, a local official who cared about farming had to ask the "Dragon King" for rain during the drought. When it rains, I have to thank the "Dragon King" for giving me rain. This word was written by Su Shi when he went to the countryside to Xie Yushi.
According to the meaning in the article, "jujube falling towel" should be "jujube falling towel" When the ancients wrote poems, they often adjusted the order of sentence components according to the needs of rhythm and rhetoric. This is the case here. "rustling [si]" is to describe the appearance of jujube flowers falling one after another. "Clothing towel" refers to clothes and headscarves. In ancient clothing, men often wore headscarves. Jujube trees produce small yellow-green flowers in early summer. The author didn't see the falling jujube flowers from the side, but walked or stood under the jujube tree and let the jujube flowers fall on the towel. Next, "the village is south and the village is north." "Sā o", a hand-operated wire drawing tool. Silk reeling from the southern end to the northern end of the village is ringing. It turns out that silkworm farmers are working nervously. There are scattered jujube flowers, singing carts, and a farmer wearing a cow coat selling cucumbers under the old willow trees on the roadside. "Cow coat" is a kind of fabric made of hemp or straw, which is used to cover the body of cattle. This refers to something similar to hemp fiber. In the last three sentences, write one aspect of the scenery in each sentence. This time, Su Shi accidentally went to the countryside and sensitively grasped these characteristics, especially things with seasonal characteristics such as jujube flowers, silk reeling and cucumbers, and outlined them. With a few simple strokes, a rural genre painting in early summer was clicked.
This word is not only about scenery, but also about things. In the next movie, I turned to the writer's own activities. At this point, he has been "sleeping." "Drunk" means sleepy after drinking, that is to say, he had drunk before going on the road. "Long road" seems to have gone a long way, but it is still far from the destination. "Only", only. This word describes his drowsiness during the journey. "The Japanese are eager for tea." The sun has risen very high. Walking in the early summer sunshine, I feel hot and thirsty, and I can't help but want to drink a cup of tea to moisten my throat and quench my thirst. "Man" here means no choice. Thirst, need tea; I'm sleepy, and I probably want to borrow tea to relieve my sleepiness. So he "knocked at the door and asked the savage." "Savage", rural people, that is, rural people. Su Shi was the governor of a state at that time. He called the local farmers "savages" in his works just because he was an official. But the word "ask" shows that he is not bureaucratic. Instead of ordering his attendants to ask for it, he personally knocked on the door of a common people and politely discussed with them: fellow villager, can you give me some tea to quench my thirst?
The appreciation of couplets in Rain in Lin 'an points out "poetic eyes", which is also a famous sentence of Lu You, and the language is fresh and meaningful. The poet lives alone in a small building and listens to the spring rain all night; The next morning, the sound of selling apricot flowers came from the depths of the alley, telling people that spring was deep. Continuous spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; The faint spring scenery is revealed in the sound of selling flowers. It is vivid and profound. Legend has it that these two poems were later introduced into the palace and praised by Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely circulated for a period of time. People who have been commenting on this poem think that these two sentences are meticulous and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring scenery, but they don't notice that its role in the whole poem is not only to depict spring scenery, but to integrate with the poems before and after. In fact, "the small building listens to the spring rain all night" means that the continuous spring rain is like a sad miss. When reading this poem, don't let go of the word "overnight" easily. It just implies that the poet stayed up all night, worrying about the country and the people, and with the sound of rain, he rushed to his brow. Li Shangyin's "Autumn frost flies late, leaving dry lotus to listen to the rain" is based on the premise of dry lotus to listen to the rain. Lu You writes more implicitly and profoundly here. Although he used more lively words, his intention was to express his depression and melancholy. It was against the background of beautiful spring scenery that he was in sharp contrast with his feeling of loneliness.
The next tie revealed his feelings. In this beautiful spring, the poet can only do "short paper and idle grass", and Lu You is good at cursive writing. Judging from Lu You's existing calligraphy, his cursive script is elegant and elegant. This sentence is really a dark allusion to Zhang Zhi. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but he usually writes in print. When asked why, people replied that "cursive writing is urgent", which means that cursive writing takes too long to write. Lu You lives in Beijing, and his leisure time is extremely boring, so he entertains himself with cursive script. Because it is the first day of light rain, it is said that "Sunny Window" and "Fine Milk Play Tea" are here to taste tea and play tea ceremony. On the surface, the idle cursive script, drinking tea under the sunny window, is a very leisurely and quiet realm. However, behind this, the poet's infinite feelings and complaints are hidden. Lu you has always had the ambition to make a vigorous career for the country, but the position of Yanzhou magistrate does not meet his ambition, let alone an audience with the emperor. I don't know how long I have to wait in the guest house! The country is in troubled times, but the poet is killing time by writing books and drinking tea. Really boring and sad! So I couldn't hold back the resentment in my heart any longer, and wrote two sentences about the ending.