On June 65438+1October1day, 2007, the Nobel Prize Committee of the Scientific Committee of the Royal Swedish Academy announced that the Nobel Prize in Literature would be awarded to this British woman writer in 2007. She is by far the oldest female Nobel Prize winner. In addition, she is the 34th female Nobel Prize in Literature winner and the 1 1 Nobel Prize in Literature winner. 201165438+1October 17 Doris Lessing, a British woman writer and 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate, died on June 17, 2007, at the age of 94.
one's early years
Doris Lessing/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/0 was born in Iran on October 22nd, and her original name was Taylor. Parents are British.
Doris Lessing
China people. When Lessing was 5 years old, her father, who yearned for rural life, moved to southern rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) with his wife and children and worked on a farm. However, farm life is not Doris's father's paradise, but Lessing's imaginary home. Young Doris is a neurotic girl. At school, she loves fantasy and tries not to waste more time.
/kloc-started working at the age of 0/6, and worked as an operator, nanny, stenographer, etc. In her youth, she actively participated in the left-wing political movement against colonialism and once joined the * * * Production Party. Lessing has been married twice, divorced and has three children. In the early hard life in Africa, novelists such as Dickens, Kipling, Stendhal, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky19th century became Lessing's most important spiritual companions, which laid a solid foundation for her literary career.
Start writing
1939, Lessing and Frank.
Doris Lessing
Weston got married and gave birth to a boy and a girl. The marriage lasted for four years. During the Second World War, Lessing became interested in politics and began to join the anti-colonial left-wing political movement as a Marxist. 1945, she married German producer Gottfried Lessing and gave birth to her son Peter, but their marriage lasted only four years.
1949, she moved to England with her young son. At that time, her hands were empty and her bag was washed. All her things are a draft novel in her purse. This book was soon published under the title of Weeds Singing (1950), which made Lessing famous. It focuses on the case that a black footman killed a white hostess who was born in an orange family and had an unbalanced mentality, and focuses on psychological portrayal, showing racial oppression and racial contradictions in African colonies. Since then, Lessing has published five more series: Violent Child-Martha Quest (1952), Beautiful Marriage (1954), Aftershock of the Storm (1958) and Surrounded by Land (65433
Brilliant period
1962, she completed the recognized masterpiece The Golden Notebook, which laid the foundation.
Golden note
Her position in the western literary world.
Lessing published two volumes of memoirs, describing her life from childhood to the 1950s. People once thought that the book she took should be the third part of her memoir, which was written in the 1960s. On the contrary, she described this life in a novel way and named it the sweetest dream. In this book, she tells the story of Francis and her ex-husband Johnny, and discusses "how women turned in the wrong direction in the 1960s". "I don't like the 1960s," Lessing said. "I don't like what women said and did at that time, such as bragging about how many men they had slept with." She attributed women's liberation to technology rather than feminism. She believes that contraceptives and time-saving devices, such as dishwashers, play a greater role than ideology.
Since 1960s, Lessing's interest in contemporary psychology and Islamic mysticism has been reflected in her works from time to time, but she still pays attention to major social issues. After entering the 1970 s, the style and theme have changed many times. In the mid-1970s, she wrote "A Brief Introduction to Hell" (197 1 year) about personal mental breakdown and "Memoirs of Survivors" (1974) about the future of human civilization. Summer before dark (1973) tells the story of a middle-aged housewife's mental crisis.
Since then, she has taken a different approach and launched a series of so-called "space novels" with the overall title of "The Old Man in South Sagittarius: Archives". After that, she started from romanticism, explored the fields beyond reason and self, and wrote many novels of "inner space". Later, deeply influenced by the Sufi school of Islamic mysticism, he turned his writing style to science fiction. Casta (1979), the marriage between the third, fourth and fifth districts (1980), Sirius experiment (198 1 year), the generation represented by the eighth planet (1982).
Lessing is a prolific writer. Besides novels, she also writes poems, essays, plays and many excellent short stories. The Diary of Jane Summers (1984), The Kind Terrorist (1985) and other works seem to be a return to the author's early realism in terms of theme and style.
1In May, 1993, 75-year-old Lessing, accompanied by British writer drabble and her husband, Michael Hall Lloyd, President of the Royal Society of Literature, started her only trip to China. From May 2nd to15th, Lessing visited Beijing, Xi, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Lessing was invited to give a speech at the English Literature Research Center of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences on the topic of cultural exchange. Lessing seriously pointed out that cultural exchanges between the East and the West should be selective, learn from each other's strong points and not blindly follow suit. Now there is a generation of "civilized barbarians" in the West.
She was 88 years old when she won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2007, which was a literary prize.
Doris Lessing won the Nobel Prize.
The oldest winner since its establishment is also the 1 1 award-winning female writer. However, Lessing himself does not seem to quite agree with the acceptance speech. 10 10/month1day, adam smith, the news editor of the Nobel Prize Committee, called Lessing and asked her how she felt about the acceptance speech. Lessing replied, "You see, I really don't understand what was going on in their minds when they wrote the comments. I mean, they are faced with an amazing variety of works. It is quite difficult to summarize it accurately. Do you think so? "
In 2008, she was named the fifth greatest English writer since 1945 by The Times.
stop
Doris Lessing, a British woman writer and Nobel Prize in Literature laureate in 2007, died on June 7, 20113 at the age of 94. Her publisher Harper Collins announced that Doris Lessing died peacefully in the early hours of Sunday. For privacy reasons, her family did not disclose the cause of her death. "Doris Lessing is one of the greatest writers of our time," Charlie Redmayne, head of Harper Collins Publishing House in Britain, told The Guardian. "She is a charming writer, intelligent and enthusiastic, and dares to fight for her beliefs."
Chronology of works
Name of the work
Original name
age
Weeds are singing.
The grass is singing.
1950
This used to be the country of the old chief.
This is the country of the old chief.
195 1
Five short stories
Five short stories
1953
Violent children
Violent children series
1952- 1969
Golden note
Golden note
1962
Special cat
Especially cats.
1967
Introduction to A Journey to Hell
Briefing on going to hell
197 1
Summer before dark
Summer before dark
1973
Memoirs of a Survivor
Memoirs of a Survivor
1974
Xi Casta
Shi Casta
1979
Marriage between the third, fourth and fifth districts
Marriage between District 3, District 4 and District 5
1980
Sirius experiment
Sirius experiment
1980
The representative generation of the eighth planet
The birth of the representative of the eighth planet
1982
The fifth child
The fifth child
1988
Here we go again, dear.
Love again.
1996
Cat Quotations: The Old Age of the Big Handsome Cat
El Magnifico's later years
2000
Write a feature editor
Lessing has been a prolific writer for more than 50 years, and his designs are endless.
Doris Lessing
There was critical realism in the early stage, psychoanalysis and Sufi mythology in the middle stage, and even the exploration of "inner space" in the later stage-and she was stubborn and didn't want to call it "science fiction". She not only writes about the living conditions of people, but also about the survival of animals (especially cats). It not only tells the complicated and changeable dark hearts of adults, but also tells the ugliness and barbarity of children. Its style is unique and changeable, with profound thoughts, sharp viewpoints, novel opinions and great creativity. Besides novels, there are poems, essays, plays and short stories.
The themes and styles of Lessing's novels can be roughly divided into four categories.
The first category is the works with traditional realistic narrative techniques in the background of striving for national independence, freedom and equality, including the novel The Grass is Singing, a collection of short stories, one of African stories: This is the country of the old chiefs, five short stories, the second African story: the sunshine under their feet, and a collection of essays.
The second type, with the theme of the dilemma faced by modern women and the way to seek their own liberation, boldly experimented on artistic forms and techniques, trying to reveal the deeper psychological activities of the characters. This kind of works, including the famous five-part Violent Children, the well-known Golden Notebook and Summer Before Dark, show the tragic fate of middle-aged and elderly housewives. In her long creative career, Lessing prefers to describe women whose marriages have broken down, especially those whose lives have been torn apart by the loss of their husbands. Some of her works are semi-autobiographical, describing her experiences in Africa, some are concerned about the survival of people and animals, and some are psychoanalysis and science fiction. Nobel Prize in Literature rewarded Lessing as a pioneer of feminism, but it was a great irony for Lessing. Lessing herself said, "In the 1960s, I was not an active feminist, and I never was. I have never liked the feminist movement because I think the foundation of this movement is too ideological. " -Lessing seems unwilling to be stereotyped as a feminist writer.
The third category is to show the crisis faced by human beings and predict the future of the world in the form of fables and fantasies, including the novel A Brief Introduction to Hell Journey, Memories of Survivors and the series of novels The Old Constellation of Nanchuan Galaxy: Archives.
Fourthly, Lessing returns to the realistic narrative style, but the writing style is more concise, and every novel is a needle.
Here we go again, dear.
For a social reality problem, the structure and style of the novel are determined by the theme. The novel Diary of Jane Summers describes the plight of single women, The Kind Terrorist describes the struggle of environmentalists, and The Fifth Child tells a bizarre and shocking story of juvenile violence. The collection of essays "The wind blows away our words" supports Afghanistan's struggle for national independence. "Here we go again, love" is about the emotional entanglements of the elderly. In Lessing's mind, love is the unity of opposites and the basic right for life to return to the whole. However, some people are unfortunately deprived of this most basic human right. In order to safeguard this most basic right, Lessing made an extremely painful appeal from a humanitarian standpoint.
Personality assessment
Doris Lessing, who lives in the western suburbs of London, celebrated her 88th birthday on October 22nd, 2007/kloc-0. This is destined to be an unusual birthday-ten days ago, she won the 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature. In the awarding speech, the Swedish Academy Prize for Literature called Lessing "an epic of female experience, and she was examined by divided citizenship with the power of scepter, flame and foresight" ("The author of the epic of female experience clearly analyzed the divided culture with her skeptical attitude, enthusiasm and foresight").
Various comments published in the media are mixed. American critic Harold bloom told the Associated Press: "Lessing's works in the past 15 years are unreadable and are fourth-rate science fiction." . Italian writer Alberto Eco told The Times that Lessing "absolutely deserves this prize". A. S. Byatt, a British writer, told The Guardian that Lessing is one of the few talented literary prophets, and many problems she foresaw have come true. The New York Times commented that Lessing's winning the prize was "a real return to the origin of literature".
The novelist Faye Weldon still calls herself a feminist. Her novel The Big Woman (1999) describes a woman publisher in the 1970s. She doesn't agree that "the movement in the 1960s took a wrong turn", but she also agrees with some of Lessing's statements. "The movement of 1960s is correct. Before that, men hated women extremely, "she said," but the change was too great. I am surprised at the way some women talk to men. " David Thomas's book Innocence was written to defend people today. He agrees with Lessing that "women are distracted by the feminist political agenda". He also agrees with her that women nowadays are too rude. "Men dare not say to women, women can say. Men should stop apologizing for being men. " He said.
Fan Xing, a literary critic: Doris Lessing is a prolific and changeable writer.
Doris Lessing
Lessing's exuberant creative energy is amazing, which was encouraged by Nobel Prize in Literature and the reason why she won the prize. "
Hong Ying, a Chinese female writer living in Britain, said: "Doris Lessing has an extremely important position in the history of English literature, even keeping pace with Adeline Virginia Woolf, a British female writer, and also occupies an important position in English writing in western countries ... Doris Lessing is one of the most important writers in contemporary British literature. She is a prolific and distinctive writer. Her works cover a wide range of social and political hot issues such as colonialism, feminism and apartheid, and have been nominated by Nobel Prize in Literature for many times.
Character thinking
Writing thinking
Lessing believes that novels should be a form of political literature that reflects urgent social problems, and the writer's task is to ask questions and inspire readers to think. She hopes that her works can bring readers a storm of literary shock. Lessing is a tireless explorer. She devoted her whole life to thinking about social pressing issues such as racial contradictions, gender relations, US-Soviet hegemony, atomic war, environmental pollution, scientific crisis, youth violence, and the rights of the elderly. Every work of hers is the crystallization of thinking.
Philosophical thinking
Comments on the Relationship between Lessing's Philosophical Thought and Novel Form attempts to explore the relationship between her philosophy of life and novel form, and makes incisive analysis of Lessing's Vortex and Fountain, Androgyny and Great Man, Flowing Time, Metaphorical World and Sufism.
feminism
We should think dialectically. Lessing believes that men and women are opposites and unity of contradictions. Therefore, in the preface of The Golden Notebook, she said, "People can see their own shadows in each other, because they have me and I have you, which has aroused each other's thoughts and promoted each other's actions." It is precisely because of this that Anna wants to find a man to reorganize her family and return to the unity of opposites after tasting the taste of "free women". However, in a fragmented era, integrity has disappeared, and she has
Doris Lessing
There is no return. This is not only the tragedy of Anna, the tragedy of women, but also the tragedy of the times. This is not only a crisis for women, but also an overall social crisis. But feminists don't understand that contradictory men and women should complement each other. They unilaterally emphasize the contradiction between the sexes and are full of hostility and attacks on men. Lessing believes that feminism has evolved into a paranoid dogma, which unnecessarily wastes the precious potential of women. Lessing believes that men and women have their own defects in the state of self-isolation and mutual isolation, and they must communicate with each other and become an organic whole in order to be perfect. In the state of mutual isolation, the first world and the third world are also facing their own defects and survival difficulties. Only through cultural exchanges, mutual communication and mutual benefit can we achieve win-win cooperation. Of course, exchanges and cooperation must be based on the principle of equality and mutual benefit, and we must never focus on one side and force the other to be marginalized. Lessing believes that the root of the crisis lies in the self-isolation and self-centeredness of the powerful party in the process of communication.