What are the skills, precautions and rules of poetry appreciation?

Summarize the common sense of poetry appreciation, master the skills of poetry appreciation [teaching points] 1, understand the expressive skills of poetry and appreciate it. 2. Summarize the common sense of poetry appreciation and construct the knowledge system of poetry. [Teaching process] 1. The expressive skills of poetry 1. Rhetoric methods: metaphor, personification, rhetorical question, metonymy, duality, exaggeration, setting off, allusion, adaptation, intertextuality, repetition, etc. 2. Performance: narration, discussion, description and lyricism. Lyricism: It can be divided into direct lyricism and indirect lyricism (lyricism by borrowing scenery, lyricism by holding things; Scene fusion). Description: It can be divided into static and dynamic combination, virtual and real combination, point-surface combination, light-dark combination, frontal combination, rough outline brush and meticulous painting. Le Jing wrote about mourning, mourning for Syaraku and so on. 3. Expression techniques: Fu, Bi and Xing; Suppress change, describe carefully, symbolize association, set off, contrast, imagine, associate, care and express ambition. 4. Chapter structure: cut to the chase, get into the theme, express your ambitions, bond feelings with scenery, get a proper total score, see the big from the small, go deep into layers, take care of the transition and pave the way. 5. Thoughts and feelings include: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, indifference, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, and concern for the country and the people. 6. Function: deepening artistic conception and theme, with profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, profound meaning, thought-provoking and far-reaching influence. Second, the performance procedure of poetry appreciation This poem uses the technique of (performance, rhetoric, performance), writes the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (thoughts and feelings), and plays a (certain) role. Example: (Fujian Volume 2005) Read the following Tang poems and then answer this question. (6 points) In the twelfth summer, I went upstairs with Li Bai to Yueyang Tower, and the view of Yueyang was exhausted, and the Dongting in the middle of Sichuan was opened. It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month. On the upper floor of the sky, stay in the chair and upload a glass of wine from the sky. The cool breeze rising after drunkenness, blowing the sleeves with the wind, we will return. [Note] In the second year of Gan Yuan, Li Bai was pardoned on the way to exile, returned to Jiangling Boat, traveled south to Yueyang, and wrote this poem. (1) The poem "Wild geese lead to sorrow", and some versions write "Wild geese don't go to Qiu Jiang". Which sentence do you think is better and why? (4 points) (2) Briefly analyze the artistic expression techniques adopted in the third installment "Stay in the Cloud, Have a Cup in the Sky". (2 points) [Reference Answer] ① "Wild Goose Leads a Sad Heart" uses anthropomorphic techniques to write the happy mood of Li Bai's exile. In this sentence, the goose is intended to take away the sadness for the poet. In the next sentence, it is written that Junshan has feelings for the poet to win a good month, and the sadness is happy, which sets each other off. It is more sensational and novel than Don't Qiu Jiang. Answering "Wild geese can't cross Qiu Jiang" is reasonable. (2) The third part uses exaggeration to write the scene of Yueyang Tower towering into the sky. At the same time, these two poems have magical imagination, connecting the couch on the cloud with the "walking cup" in the sky, and writing the poet's scene as if he were in a fairyland, which is meaningful. Third, explain the key concepts 1. Contrast is a technique of Chinese painting, which uses ink or color to render and set off the outline of an object, making the object stand out obviously. Used in artistic creation, refers to deliberately describing from the side, as a foil, so that the things to be expressed stand out. It can be a foil, such as Qin Luofu, which sets off the beauty of Qin Luofu by the reactions of Walker and Teenager. It can also be used as a foil, such as "cicadas make Lin Jing more secluded", "monks knock on the door of the moon" and "birds are surprised when the moon comes out" to make noise. More things are used to compare people. For example, the moon in the river was written three times in Pipa, which respectively set off the wonderful and charming timbre of Pipa and the sad, lonely and sad mood of the characters. Another example is the image of "thousands of feet Deep Peach Blossom Pond", which clearly sets off Wang Lun's strong feelings for the poet. 2. Use allusions, that is, quote historical facts and use allusions in poetry. Ancient poetry attaches great importance to the use of allusions, which can not only make the language of poetry concise, but also increase the richness of content, vividness and implication of expression, receive concise and thought-provoking effects, and enhance the expressive force and appeal of works. For example, Xin Qiji successfully used five allusions: Sun Quan, Emperor Wu of Song, Liu Yilong, Beaver and Lian Po in "Ode to Yule, Jingkou, Gubei Pavilion". These allusions are historical anecdotes of Jingkou, and the poet expresses his thoughts and feelings implicitly and naturally with the help of these historical facts. In addition, borrowing poems and songs from predecessors is also an allusion. For example, almost every sentence in Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting uses allusions, which enhances the cultural connotation of the article; In Yangzhou Slow, Jiang Kui used Du Mu's poems either explicitly or implicitly, forming a contrast between reality and reality, and expressing the desolation that things are different and different. 3. Virtual reality is a concept commonly used by ancient people when discussing articles. Virtual and real are relative, some are real, and none is virtual; Objective is true, subjective is virtual; Concrete is real, abstract is virtual; The present is real and the imagination is empty ... Poetry often uses this technique to expand the artistic conception of poetry. For example, in Liu Yong's Yulin Order, it is true to say goodbye in front of you, but it is illusory to imagine again, resulting in endless aftertaste. Another example is Li Yu's "Young Beauty". The first six sentences are one solid and one virtual, that is, "When is the spring flower and the autumn moon (real), how much is known about the past (virtual). The east wind (reality) of Xiaolou last night, so my country could not bear to look back at the moon (empty). Carved jade fence should still be (real), but Zhu Yan has changed (virtual) ",and the combination of reality and reality has entrusted the grief of my hometown. Another example is Jiang Kui's Slow Yangzhou. The scene of decline in front of him is real, and the hypothetical imagination is empty. The combination of reality and fiction can make the work more compact and vivid, and greatly increase the capacity of the work. 4. Language features ① Fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional. For example, Du Fu's quatrains: "Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets rise to the sky. The window contains autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat stops at the door. " Four kinds of scenery, dynamic scenery, static scenery, gorgeous colors and fresh and vivid language are written in four sentences. Another example is Xin Qiji's "Walking on the Yellow Sand Road in Xijiang Moonlight" and "Music in Poor Villages", with fresh and lively language. 2 dull. Or plain, characterized by choosing exact words to describe directly, all using stick figures, without modification, true and profound, approachable. But plain doesn't mean simple and shabby, but a return to simplicity in language, which embodies the writer's real kung fu. For example, Tao Yuanming's group poem "Returning to the Garden", in popular language, is a family matter, not a carving. Li Yu's later poem "Yu Meiren" is plain but touching. 3 gorgeous. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings. For example, Li Shangyin's Untitled poem, Li He's Li Ping's Quotations and Bai Juyi's Pipa Travel describe music. 4 bright. Its characteristics are direct, clear, frank and provocative. It is often decisive and broken. For example, Li Qingzhao's early poem "Hanging Lips and Kicking Swing", Bai Juyi's poem "Grass" and so on. ⑤ Implicit. Sometimes it is also called suggestion, which is characterized by suggestion, often not direct narration, but tortuous talk. What you say here is intentional, or you don't send it, or you want to say it for readers to appreciate. Such as Du Mu's epic and Li Qingzhao's later poems. ⑥ Concise. It is characterized by neatness and conciseness. For example, Jia Dao's poems and Su Shi's poems.