Teaching plan design of "Difficult to Shu Dao" in senior high school Chinese
Teaching objective: 1. Taste the wonderful language of poetry.
2. Learn artistic techniques such as imagination and exaggeration.
Emphasis and difficulty: taste and appreciate poetic language.
Teaching process:
1. Introduction: Thousands of years have passed, and today this Tang poem is still sung by us. In this splendid poetry garden, there was once a man who set up a hunting banner for Tang poetry and led it to the peak of romanticism. He is the poet-Li Bai.
Because Li Bai has a wild heart, all he has to do is spit out the breath in his chest and write a beautiful chapter.
So there is the grandeur of "how the water of the Yellow River moves out of the sky";
So I am proud of "laughing at the sky and going out";
So there is "since God has given talents, let them be employed!" Confident.
His poems are more like snowflakes and waterfalls three thousand miles away; And his dream of flying to wuyue made us feel the wonder of imagination.
Therefore, only Li Bai, who is wild and uninhibited, can raise the torch of poetry and illuminate the splendid civilization of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Today, we are going to learn the poem "Difficult Road to Shu", which is called "strange and strange, and it is rare for a poet to return it", and experience Li Bai's romantic poetic style.
Show the teaching objectives. (courseware display goal)
1, taste the wonderful language of poetry.
2. Learn artistic techniques such as imagination and exaggeration.
Third, introduce three ways to read poetry:
(1) Read aloud-read aloud and feel the meaning first.
(2) Reading-understanding the language and learning how to write.
(3) chanting-do as the Romans do, aesthetic experience. (Courseware display mode)
Fourth, read the text aloud.
1, students are free to read aloud and perceive the theme of the poem.
Mark the words you can't pronounce correctly.
Clarify the correct pronunciation of words. (Courseware shows words for students to read)
2. Please briefly talk about what the poem was written and your understanding of the poem that impressed you the most.
(Students exchange and show)
-When you first read this poem, you felt the grandeur and preciseness of Shu Dao, and realized that the author advised his friends that it was difficult to enter Shu and could not stay in Shu for a long time. The atmosphere of imagination and exaggeration in the poem is unforgettable.
Five, the following old teachers read the text, a preliminary understanding of the feelings of poetry.
3. Find out the poem that best reflects the author's thoughts and feelings, and explain it. (student exchange)
(The phrase "such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky" appears three times in the article. (Courseware demonstration)
-everyone's grasp of the feelings of these poems is still relatively in place. This sigh gives us a unique experience. "Alas, the danger is high! Such a trip is harder than climbing the blue sky! " The first interjection is used together to express one's mind directly, with strong exaggeration. The height of Shu Road is amazing;
"It's hard to get to the sky, and it turns pale when you smell it!" The danger of the Shu Road makes people scared and afraid to move forward;
"The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky. Look sideways to the west and ask for advice! " In the land of Jiange, which is "guarded by one person and cannot be forced by ten thousand people", people can only sigh in the face of steep terrain and fierce war, and the author can only worry about his friends.
After reading these, everyone has begun to feel the strangeness of poetic language.
(Sighing: Gao (surprised)
Sigh: Danger (fear)
Sigh: awesome) (worried) (blackboard writing)
Teaching plan design of "Difficult to Shu Dao" in senior high school Chinese
Analysis of curriculum standards
The new curriculum standard of Chinese in senior high school requires poetry reading to strengthen reading and intonation, feel its ideological and artistic charm in reading and swimming, and gain emotional experience, soul singing and spiritual cultivation. On the basis of overall perception, learn to appreciate the works from the aspects of content, performance skills and so on, experience the artistic charm of the works, and gain rich aesthetic feelings.
Textbook analysis
"It is difficult to travel through the Shu Road" is an ancient title borrowed by Li Bai from Yuefu. He exerted his absurd imagination and focused on describing the magnificent and steep mountains and rivers on the road. This poem is full of emotion and poetry between solvable and unsolvable. The poem describes not only the scenery of Shu Dao, but also the image in the author's mind. The feelings in the poem include sighing for mountains and rivers, as well as frustration and difficulty in success in life. Shu Dao Nan is a colorful poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The focus of teaching is to make students understand the theme of poetry, and the difficulty lies in making students appreciate poetry by analyzing the artistic techniques used in poetry.
Analysis of learning situation
Senior one students don't read many ancient poems, and the poems themselves are abstract and difficult to understand. Students may be afraid of difficulties, not interested in the text, unable to read, or although they can read, they just skim through it, making it difficult to grasp the key points and deeply understand the feelings of poetry. Because students have difficulty in analyzing the artistic techniques of poetry, teachers should pay attention to step by step when speaking.
Three-dimensional teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and ability goal: to know the key sounds, meanings and forms, to perceive the content of the whole poem as a whole, and to understand the life and creation of poet Li Bai.
2. Process and Method Objective: Through reading, appreciating and appreciating, we can understand the artistic techniques of poetry, appreciate its artistic features, learn to appreciate poetry, and master some commonly used artistic techniques, such as exaggeration, imagination, lyricism by borrowing scenery, and combination of reality and reality.
3. Emotion, attitude and value goal: Feel the thoughts and feelings contained in the poem, let students approach Li Bai's passion, romance, poetry and openness, and appreciate his attitude towards life.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1, focus: explore the emotional theme of poetry, experience the romantic style of Li Bai's poetry, and feel the "qi of flourishing Tang Dynasty".
2. Difficulties: Appreciate poetry, appreciate its artistic features, and explore the formation of Li Bai's heroic, elegant and romantic poetic style.
teaching method
Reading aloud, dialing, autonomous learning, group cooperation, multimedia audio and video.
Teaching time
Two class hours
Teaching process (second class)
First, import
Last class, we have sorted out the pronunciation, meaning and context of this poem, and understood that this poem has reached the height of Shu Dao, the dangers of Shu Dao and the tragic war, so we can quickly recall it in our minds. Ok, in this class, we will continue to learn Shu Dao Nan. (Writing on the blackboard: title, author) Yin Kun, a poetry critic in the Tang Dynasty, once commented that "Difficult Shu Dao" is both strange and strange, and it is rare to return it from a poet. " So what is the wonder of this poem? In this lesson, we will look at the wonders of this poem from two aspects: skill and implication.
Second, the process
1, read the article
Teacher: Let's read it and try to understand the wonders of poetry. Let's look at the first section. Last class, we talked about the height of the book path (blackboard writing) in the first section. So how is this section written about the height of Shu Dao, and what technique is used to write it? Now please read the first section freely and think about this problem.
Read the first part aloud.
Teacher: Well, I'll give you some time to think about it after reading it. The teacher's question just now was what kind of technique was used to write Shu Dao in the first section.
Health: exaggeration, imagination, allusions ...
Teacher: Well, it seems that everyone has his own opinion. Now, let's watch the first lesson together. The teacher will choose a few words first, then we will enjoy them together, and then we will add them. First look at the first sentence picked out by the teacher: "It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky". Is there any way to use this sentence?
Health: It's an exaggeration. It's more difficult to say that it's easier to get through the Shu Road than to ascend to heaven.
Teacher: Yes, it is more difficult to learn Shu Dao than to ascend to heaven, and it is even more difficult to learn Shu Dao. Ok, let's go on to look at this sentence: "When an earthquake breaks and a brave man dies, then the ladder and the stone pile are connected." What kind of technique is used in this sentence? You can look at your notes after class.
Health: This sentence is very classic. It uses the myths and legends of Wuding Mountain to write the insurmountable obstacles of Shu Road in history.
Teacher: That's right, so this sentence is an allusion. Specifically, it is to use myths and legends. Then the teacher asked, are there any other sentences using fairy tales in the first section?
Health: "As high as a banner, six dragons drive the sun, go far into the river and whip the meandering stream" also adopts the myth that six dragons return to Japan, and writes the height of Shu Road.
Teacher: Do you think he added it correctly?
Health (anger): Yes.
Teacher: Yes, fairy tales are used in both places. The former wrote about the difficulty of opening the Shu Road in history, while the latter wrote about the height of the Shu Road, which even the sun god had to detour when he saw it. Both of them showed the difficulty of Shu Dao. The author adopts these two fairy tales, which makes the image of the poem look broad and magnificent. Well, here, the teacher wants to ask everyone, is the fairy tale true?
Health: No.
Teacher: Are all the descriptions in the poems untrue?
Health (anger): No.
Teacher: OK, let's see what the first part says.
Health 1: "Qingni Mountain is made up of many circles. Every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound" is an original.
Teacher: Yes, so there are both imaginary and real writing methods. What technology is this?
Health (Qi): Combination of deficiency and excess.
Teacher: Yes, the combination of reality and reality. The combination of reality and fiction makes the interest and poetic rhyme remain, and the poetic connotation and artistic conception are rich. Ok, let's continue to read this sentence, "It's hard to go to such a height. Even the yellow crane says that apes are eager to climb over sadness." What is the technique used in this sentence?
Health: ...
Teacher: First, the teacher will analyze it for you. After class, I noticed that the yellow crane is a big bird that can fly very well, and the ape is also a good climber. But it is said here that the yellow crane can't fly over, and the ape is also "worried about climbing." What technology is this?
Health: exaggeration.
Teacher: Yes, then, let's see what other uses this sentence has. The poet did not directly write about the height of the mountain, nor did he directly say that it is difficult for people to walk, but said that the mountain is high through neither the yellow crane nor the ape can fly nor climb. What technology is this?
Health: Side contrast.
Teacher: That's right. You can't fly with the yellow crane. Apes are worried about the difficulty of climbing to set off people walking. They don't talk about the height of the Shu Road and the difficulty for people to walk, so this is a side foil. Let's look at this sentence again: "panting, we brushed Orion, passed the well star, and then, holding our chest with our hands, groaned and collapsed to the ground." Let's look at our notes after class. In the previous sentence, "touch" means "touch", "calendar" means passing through the middle, "leaning back" means holding your head, and "holding your breath" means; The next sentence "touching the king with your hand" means touching your chest, "sitting and sighing", with only a long sigh. This whole sentence is actually about what happens after reaching the peak. Let's see, are "Meng", "Li", "Yang" and "Touching the King" all action descriptions? We can't see the "threat breath" and "sigh" from the action, but we can see it from the expression. This sentence actually uses a technique of imitating expressions and actions. This technique may not be well understood by everyone. Simply put, it can be called detail description. By imitating a series of movements and expressions, including touching the stars, breathing nervously, touching the chest and sighing deeply, the poet kept his predicament in sight. Then, the teacher wants to ask everyone, can poets really "swim the well"?
Health: No.
Teacher: Yes, obviously impossible. Panting, we brush Orion and cross the well star.
Health: the mountains are high into the sky, and people can touch the stars with their hands and even cross them.
Teacher: Well, the notes after class are very clear. Let's have a look. The poet can't swim the well, but it says here that he can swim the well on the mountain. What kind of technique is this?
Health: Imagine.
Teacher: Yes, this is the poet's unique imagination to show the height of Shu Road. Ok, here, we have basically finished the first section. Do you have anything to add?
Student: Teacher, "Have pity on those monkeys who only have claws to use" is also anthropomorphic.
Teacher: Yes, they all say that apes are "worried". Well, that's right. The teacher ignored this point, so everyone should pay attention. Well, if there is nothing to add, let's sum up the first section. The first section uses exaggeration, allusions, side contrast, combination of reality and reality, expression imitation, action, imagination and personification (blackboard writing). Ok, after reading the first section, now let's enter the second section together. We know that the second section is about the danger of Shu Dao (writing on the blackboard). How did the author write it? _ Read us the second paragraph, and everyone should pay attention to artistic techniques when listening to him.
Health: We wonder if this westward road will never end. ...
Teacher: Well, it's a good reading, with a loud voice and good mood. Let's enjoy it together Let the teacher choose a few words first, and everyone will add them later. Please look at the first sentence chosen by the teacher: "I can't hear anything except the birdsong surrounded by the ancient forest. The male bird hovers smoothly and follows the female bird." Jathyapple, and the empty mountain here, the melancholy voice of the cuckoo. " How do you feel after reading this sentence? Do you feel that many landscapes are on the market? Let's have a look. What are they?
Health: Sad Birds, Ancient Trees, Forests, Zigui, jathyapple and Kongshan.
Teacher: Yes, let's count. One of them lists six scenes. What is the poet's purpose? Sad birds, ancient trees, forests and other scenery are easy for everyone to understand, so what are the rules? Let the teacher introduce you. In late spring and early summer, Zigui crowed day and night, and her voice was sad. There is a story about it that it was caused by the ghost of Du Yu, the king of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty. Tu Yue-guo died, and his soul became a bird. He missed his homeland, and he wept bitterly at the end of spring, so that his mouth was bleeding, so people also called him Zi Gui Du Yu and Du Fu. In ancient poetry, Zigui became a symbolic image representing grievances and sufferings. Therefore, when you appreciate poetry in the future, you should know how to do it when you see Zigui's scenery or image. Ok, after understanding the sub-rules, let's go back to the scenery we just discovered. We find that there are modifiers in front of the images of birds, trees, the moon and mountains. What are the functions of these modifiers?
Health: Rendered a sad atmosphere.
Teacher: That's right. The poet used the image of Zigui and a series of sad scenes such as sad birds and empty mountains to form a cold-toned picture. The sound of birds makes the mountain forest seem more silent, as desolate as the virgin forest, thus creating a sad atmosphere, and at the same time expressing the author's lament over the dangers of Shu Road. So what's the trick here? Did everyone find out?
Health (anger): lyric by scenery.
Teacher: Yes, I use scenery to express my regret about the dangers of Shu Road, so it is a way to express my feelings through scenery. Well, let's take a look at the following article, "The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and dry pine trees hang down from the surface of the cliff." And send the thunder of rotating stones through 10 thousand valleys. " There are also many scenic spots listed here. Let's find them first. Ok, what are the scenic spots?
Health: Lotus peak, withered pine, precipice, flying stream, waterfall.
Teacher: Yes, let's look at these scenes. There are obvious differences between the first three and the last two. Did you find them?
Health: The first three are static and the last two are dynamic.
Teacher: That's right. There is movement and there is stillness. What's the technique?
Design of Teaching Plan of Difficult Shu Dao in Senior High School Chinese (3)
Teaching objectives
1. Basic knowledge Objective: To understand the artistic techniques of poetry, such as artistic conception and rhyme.
2. Ability training goal: Experience the artistic features of imagination and exaggeration through reading and appreciation.
3. Emotional training goal: let students be close to passion, romance, poetry and openness.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
First, the teaching focus:
1, from the study of poetry recitation, understand the emotional rhythm and heroic and elegant momentum of poetry.
2. Explore the emotional theme of this poem by means of "skinning cramps"
3. Appreciate the language and artistic techniques of this poem and experience the formation of Li Bai's heroic and elegant romantic poetic style.
Second, the teaching difficulties:
Appreciate Li Bai's passionate and elegant poetic style.
2. Explore the emotional theme of this lesson
teaching method
1, read aloud
2. Pointing method
3. Self-study and group cooperation
4. Multimedia audio and video
Teaching time
1 class hour
teaching process
First, import
How did heaven and earth come into being? (Pangu created the world) But there is a legend in southwest China that the heaven was made by a male god and the earth by a goddess. Because the goddess was too diligent and made the earth too big to be integrated with the sky, she folded the earth and formed mountains and valleys, so that the heaven and the earth matched. Perhaps the mountains and rivers in the southwest inspired people to create this myth. Perhaps the mountains and rivers in the southwest have given us great romance.
Speaking of Shu Dao Nan, Fan Yin, a poetry critic in the Tang Dynasty, commented that this poem is "strange and strange, and it is rare to return it from the poet." What's strange about this poem? Today, we will feel the strangeness of this poem by reading and appreciating it.
Second, the strangeness of reading perception style (PPT display)
1 [activity]? Please listen to the teacher read aloud first, and pay attention to the poetic style when listening.
2 [activity]? read aloud
3 [question]? What do you think of the style of this poem through reading and listening?
[clear]? Bold and bold
4 [Activity] Read the main theme of poetry and experience the unconstrained style again (PPT presentation)
5 [Question] What is the main theme? How many times does it appear in the poem?
[Qing] sigh (xρ), high risk! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky. It turns pale when you smell it!
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, but it's hard to get into the sky. I looked sideways at the long consultation (z: and).
6? [Activity] Read the guide and feel poetic.
Most Yuefu poems mean chanting. This poem has the danger of saying Shu Dao and the meaning of "style man" The meaning of chanting is particularly strong. When reading, we must grasp this tone, so as to reproduce the artistic conception in the poem and explain it layer by layer:
"Alas ... it's hard to go to heaven"
These two sentences dominate the whole poem, laying the foundation for the tone of the whole poem, and the feelings are unrestrained. It is necessary to read them with great motivation. They all use prose sentences, which shows that the poet can't help but blurt out when he looks up at the Shu Road, and also shows that he sighs wonderfully, is risky and righteous, and the Shu Road is extremely lofty.
(2) "Shu Dao is difficult to pass, Heaven Dao is difficult to climb, and the smell turns pale!"
Shu Dao can make rosy face wither, so to read the fear, the voice should be deeper and deeper.
(3) "The Shu Road is difficult to travel, it is difficult to go to the sky, and I squint at the west for a long time."
This is the third time that the topic sentence of the conclusion of the whole poem appears. Read slowly, pause for a while after a long sigh, and then read the word "long-term consultation" in a slow and powerless tone. If there is a lingering sound, it will make people think.
[Summary] Through reading the main theme, the style of singing and sighing is reflected.
Third, interpret the beauty of the artistic conception of Hanyong.
Ouyang Xiu commented on "Difficult Shu Dao", "Taibai is the essence of heaven and earth, and it is more difficult for Li Bai to sing Shu Dao than to climb the sky, and Li Bai put pen to paper to make clouds" (PPT presentation). How was Li Bai's unique style created through language? He repeatedly lamented the difficulty of the Shu Road. How difficult is Shu Dao? Please grasp the main idea of the article, think about the angle from which these three sentences highlight the difficulty of Shu Dao, choose the most wonderful sentences you think to appreciate, and pay attention to the expressions used in the sentences.
1. Enjoy the first part
(1) [Question] What is the first difficulty in writing Shu Dao?
[Clear] The "difficult" and "difficult to go to the sky" ranked first mainly refers to the high mountains.
(2) [Question] Which sentences can reflect this feature? Choose the sentences you think are the most wonderful to enjoy.
[Reference] ① High, for example, on a high banner, six dragons drive the sun, while the river below lashes its winding course-the fairy tale of "Six Dragons Return to Japan" is used, and the author also uses the up-and-down way to explain that the Shu Road is difficult to walk. He wrote that the mountains are very high and extend to the depths of the mountains. He hopes to write the dangers and heights of the Shu Road in a thrilling way.
[Summary] The myth is mainly used to highlight the sublimity of Shu Dao, and even the sun god has to detour when he sees it. The image can be described as vast and magnificent.
(2) "When an earthquake breaks, the brave are lost, and then the stairs and stones are stacked"-skillfully using the myth and legend story of "Five Mountains", writing out the difficulty of digging the Shu Road, writing out the ancient people's strong desire to struggle with nature and transform nature, and the difficulty of transforming nature. This sentence is very imposing, writing out the tragic achievements of the ancient working people in the process of splitting mountains and building roads, and this sentence also uses a romantic legend.
(3) "The mountain of green mud is made of many circles, and every hundred steps, it has to turn nine times between its hills"-rhymes and reads catchily. The second sentence says that the mountains of Shu Road are circuitous and the terrain is extremely complicated. It is a confusing mountain road, and it is like a maze when you walk in, which highlights the twists and turns of Shu Road.
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