Translation refers to the activity of converting information in one language into information in another language on the basis of accuracy and fluency. This process can be logically divided into two stages: first, the meaning must be decoded from the source language, and then the information must be re-encoded into the target language.
All these two steps require knowledge of language semantics and cultural knowledge of language users. A good translation should not only retain the meaning of the original text, but also be as fluent as native speakers' oral or writing and conform to the habits of the target language.
Translation is divided into interpretation and translation.
Basically, everything related to language can be translated, including novels, movies, poems, speeches and so on. However, different fields have different translation difficulties. For example, it is almost impossible to translate poetry accurately, because the form and rhythm of poetry are part of its meaning.
The translation of many non-literary texts, including commercial and professional texts such as software manuals, is centered on the transmission of meaning, with the smooth transmission of meaning as the main requirement. Under the trend of globalization, not only more and more international organizations, but also more and more enterprises operate from the perspective of globalization, which has also led to the rise of internationalization and localization industries.