Rules and forms of classical poetry creation
○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pingsheng △ Pingyun
▲ rhymes
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners.
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At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
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The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.
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The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
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To annotate ...
1. Jingmen Mountain is located in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, on the south bank of the Yangtze River, across the river from Huya Mountain on the north bank. The situation is dangerous, which has been called the throat of Chu and Shu since ancient times.
2. Chu State: the land of ancient Chu State, generally referring to the present Hubei and Hunan areas.
3. Mirage: It's a mirage now.
4. pity: love.
5. Hometown water: refers to the Yangtze River. Li Bai lived in Sichuan in his early years and pretended to say this.
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Rhyme translation
West Shu, outside Jingmen, traveled eastward along the river and came to the territory of Chu.
Chongshan gradually disappeared with the appearance of wilderness, and the Yangtze River entered the wilderness and flowed slowly.
The moon reflected on the river is like a flying mirror, and clouds form a mirage.
I still cherish the water from my hometown and continue to float my boat in Wan Li.
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order
Li Bai, a poet, almost traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland in his life and wrote many excellent poems praising the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland. This poem was given to a friend when the poet left Sichuan for Jingmen in the 13th year of Kaiyuan (726). The poet has been living in Sichuan since he was five years old, studying in Daitian, visiting Emei and living in seclusion in Qingcheng. This is the first time that the poet left his hometown and began to roam around the country, ready to realize his ideals and ambitions.
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Make an appreciative comment
Li Bai went out of Shu this time by boat and waterway, crossed Bayu, left the Three Gorges and sailed straight outside Jingmen Mountain, with the purpose of visiting the hometown of Chu in Hubei and Hunan.
"Sail to Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with people in the south" refers to this kind of intense tour. At this time, young poets were in high spirits, sitting on the boat and enjoying the towering mountains on both sides of Wushan. Along the way, the scenery in front of me gradually changed. After the ship passed Jingmen, it was already a plain wilderness, with a broad horizon and a unique scene.
"There is the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, and the river winds through the wilderness." The first sentence vividly describes the unique scenery on both sides of the Yangtze River after the ship leaves the Three Gorges and passes through Jingmen Mountain: the mountains gradually disappear, and the endless low plains are in front of us. Just like a moving picture taken with a set of focal planes, it gives people a sense of movement and space, depicting the movement trend of static mountains. "And the river winds through the wilderness" describes the momentum of the fast-flowing river. Looking from Jingmen in the distance, it seems to flow into the distant desert Yuan Ye. It seems that the sky is high and the realm is lofty. The last sentence is written as "Ru", which permeates the back of the paper and the language is appropriate. This scene contains the poet's cheerful mood and youthful vitality.
After describing the landscape, the poet described the close-up and prospect of the Yangtze River from different angles by changing the scenery: "The moon rises like a mirror and the sea clouds twinkle like a palace." The Yangtze River flows below Jingmen, and the river twists and turns, and the flow rate slows down. At night, when the river is calm, look down at the reflection of the moon in the water, just like a mirror flying down from the sky; During the day, looking up at the sky, the clouds rise and change endlessly, forming a mirage-like spectacle.
This is a wonderful view from Jingmen's vast plains and calm rivers. For example, in the Three Gorges of the mountains, because the pavilion is at midnight, there is no sunrise, the water is fragrant in summer, and the water on the river is rushing, it is difficult to see the underwater image of "the moon is like a mirror"; In the secret space of the Three Gorges, there is no wonder of "sea clouds flashing like palaces". This couplet takes the moon in the water as a round mirror, which sets off the calm of the river, and the clouds in the sky form a mirage, setting off the vast and high sky on the river bank, which has a strong artistic effect. The couplets of chin and neck vividly describe the fresh feelings of people living in Shu when they first walked out of the canyon and saw the vast plain.
While enjoying the scenery around Jingmen, Li Bai couldn't help but feel homesick when facing the surging river flowing through his hometown: "The water has brought you a feeling of home and rowed your boat for 300 miles." Shu, where the river flows, is the hometown where he once raised him. How can he leave for the first time without infinite nostalgia? But the poet did not say that he missed his hometown, but that he fell in love with its water.
This poem expresses the author's deep homesickness, and the end of the poem is full of nostalgia and parting feelings.
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short review
This poem is vigorous in style, magnificent in image and magnificent in imagination. "The mountain is flat and primitive, and the river winds in the wilderness" is vividly written, just like the long-axis landscape map of the Yangtze River crossing Jingmen, and it has become a famous sentence. If the excellent landscape painting "Wan Li should approach", then the five laws of this magnificent image can also be said to be able to see the big from the small and treat one as ten. And the capacity is rich: the poet chooses the sun, the moon, the river and the sky, including the scenery of tens of thousands of miles of mountains and rivers in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, which is magnificent and magnificent; The description is vivid and picturesque, the artistic conception is lofty, and the artistic generalization is highly concentrated. Therefore, poetry has become one of Li Bai's famous works describing the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland.
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other
Poet Li Bai
Li Bai (70 1-762), a famous Taibai, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poetic style is bold and unconstrained, with rich imagination, natural and fluent language and harmonious and changeable melody. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors, which is the new peak of positive romantic poetry since Qu Yuan. Also known as "Du Li" with Du Fu. There was also a poet in the Tang Dynasty named Li He, nicknamed "Shi Gui", who was comparable to Li Bai. Both belong to the romantic style, with fantastic imagination and exaggerated words. But in comparison, Li Bai's poems are more eloquent and natural. Li He quoted many stories about laws and regulations, deliberately carved them and tried his best, which can be described as "painstaking". Judging from their achievements, they are different.
Li Bai's ancestral home was in Ji Cheng (now Tianshui County, Gansu Province), and he moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan) at the end of Sui Dynasty, where Li Bai was born (see below). At the age of five, his family moved to Zhangming County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province). At the age of 20, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and living in Anlu (now Anlu County, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and pay homage to celebrities, so as to get an introduction, climb high in one fell swoop and realize his political ideals and ambitions. However, after ten years of wandering, I have accomplished nothing. Continue to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and live in Rencheng, Shandong (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are famous all over the world. In the early years of Tianbao, on the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty called him to Beijing and ordered him to worship the Hanlin. Soon, due to the slander of powerful people, Yu Tianbao was expelled from Beijing in 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering in Jiang and Huai, and his thoughts are extremely boring. In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong and invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway from Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Daizong died in dangtu county, Anhui. Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception and fresh and lively in language, forming a bold artistic style and reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems, including Li Taibai's poems.