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Four problems that should be paid attention to when applying for vocal music major.
What are the contents of vocal music examination in art examination?
Who is not suitable for learning vocal music?
Four problems that should be paid attention to when applying for vocal music major.
First, how to choose a major and school that suits you?
At present, vocal music majors in national art colleges can be roughly divided into two categories. One is the Academy of Performing Music, which trains music professionals for the country. For example: vocal performance major in Conservatory of Music and vocal performance major in Art College. This kind of school is specialized in cultivating music, which has a certain performance nature and requires candidates to have good appearance conditions (height, image, vision, etc.). In addition to good sound conditions and music quality. The other is the music education major in normal universities and conservatories with the nature of music education. Most of the courses in these schools are aimed at cultivating music education talents, so they pay more attention to the comprehensive quality of candidates. The admission scores of cultural courses are also relatively high. Candidates can choose their own majors and schools to fill in their volunteers according to their own conditions.
Whether it is the vocal performance major in music colleges or the music education major in normal colleges, although the enrollment requirements are different, one thing is common, that is, candidates must have the basic conditions for learning vocal music: good voice conditions, correct learning methods, healthy physique and comprehensive musical quality and cultural accomplishment. Because of the particularity of art majors, most schools only consider candidates' first choice. Therefore, candidates should choose to fill in their volunteers according to their own conditions, professional level, cultural achievements and other factors.
Second, the conditions and degrees required to apply for art colleges.
The human voice is the most mysterious and beautiful voice in the world. This incredible natural phenomenon is unmatched by any sound. Expressing human emotions artistically with sound can be said to be the highest realm of music. Being able to engage in vocal music singing and teaching and becoming a singer or music educator can be said to be the greatest wish and dream of every student who studies vocal music. There are many excellent candidates who take the art examination every year, but quite a few candidates get cold feet. At present, there is a tendency in society that learning vocal music can achieve short-term results without spending too much money and time. Voice is a part of your body. You don't have to train and take exams day after day, just like learning piano or instrumental music. In fact, this concept is very wrong. "A scholar in the world doesn't want to create a saint's field overnight." No singer can become famous overnight. Many people only see the glory of the singer's fame, but they don't know the hardships behind success. I mistakenly thought that I could become famous as long as I had a good voice.
Singing is a technique to maximize the sound with the overall balance of the body. The first and most important thing to learn vocal music is to have good musical quality. Such as sound conditions, musical sense, intonation and rhythm, language ability, observation and understanding ability, emotional expression ability and so on. Learning vocal music is a complicated and abstract process, which is somewhat different from learning other musical instruments. Your body is a musical instrument. If you want this instrument to make the best sound, you must judge whether the sound is right or wrong by your own feelings. Vocal music is a highly technical subject, so students are also required to have smart intelligence and a clear mind. The best age to learn vocal music is generally around 13- 15 years old, because everyone's age of voice change is different, depending on personal circumstances. Before or during the study of vocal music, it is best to study music theory and solfeggio at the same time. Learn the piano if you can. This is not only helpful to the study of vocal music, but also a compulsory subject in the examination of art majors.
Everyone's own physiological conditions are different, which also determines his voice conditions. Such as the length and thickness of vocal cords; Whether the state of mouth, throat and tongue is natural; Whether the sound is elastic; Whether the timbre is shiny, etc. Good voice condition is a gift, but it is not the only condition for learning vocal music. If you want to reach the other side of success, please remember: talent and diligence.
It usually takes 3-4 years from the beginning of learning vocal music to taking the college entrance examination. First, the voice should be appraised by an experienced professional instructor or professional doctor, and then enter the stage of voice training. In the meantime, we should study in the following aspects:
① Cultivation of singing posture: In order to make the voice smooth and breathe evenly when singing, the body has a fulcrum, and maintaining a good singing posture is an issue that cannot be ignored. Stand in a different posture than usual. Stretch naturally, feet slightly apart, feeling very tall and straight. All parts of the body should be neither nervous nor active; Relax, don't relax. Learning vocal music instruments is your own body. In order to make this instrument produce pleasant sounds, it is necessary to adjust the breathing, muscles, vocal cords and singing functions to the best state. And all this must be done with a good singing posture.
② Adjustment of singing breath: Breathing is more important than bel canto. "Having perfect singing skills and mastering correct breathing methods can be said to be 90% successful for those who study vocal music". This is what soprano Melba said. Because the breathing of singing needs the diaphragm hidden inside the body to move, it is difficult to describe it in words at the beginning. Singing breathing usually adopts chest breathing or abdominal breathing. More is the breathing method of combining chest and abdomen. There is a close relationship between singing breath and singing posture. Only on the basis of good standing posture, all parts of the body stretch and relax, and the breath is slowly sucked to the bottom of the lungs. The expansion of ribs provides enough space for the lungs and forces the diaphragm to drop. Learn to breathe in and keep breathing. When inhaling, the chest, lungs and abdomen should be kept expanding as much as possible, and you can't exhale all the air with one mouth. According to the needs of songs and music, the exhaled breath should be controlled moderately. Whether breathing or inhaling, it should be done in a comfortable, natural and relaxed situation. For example, when a child sleeps, his abdomen will fluctuate and his back will fluctuate. This is the breathing method that singing needs to pursue.
(3) Vocal training: The voice we make when singing is different from the voice we speak everyday. In addition to their own sound conditions, they also need long-term correct sound training to make a beautiful sound with elasticity and luster. It is the most basic training for vocal music learning to train the collocation of voice and breath and adjust the balance of all parts of the body when singing. Vocal music training should follow the training principles from simple to complex and from stability to change. In the process of vocal music practice, you can open your throat, let go of your breath, and use your body's * * * to achieve the best sound effect with the least breath. On the basis of alto, the range should be expanded up and down.
(4) Singing training: Because the melody of vocal music practice is relatively stable and has little fluctuation, it is often carried out regularly according to scales and intervals. After a period of training, the vocal organs and muscles will gradually adapt to the requirements of vocalization. Many students can do the sound and breath well as required when practicing vocal music, but once they sing, they can't find the feeling. This shows that the vocal skills of singing can't be used freely, and the vowel connection in singing can't be established in a relatively unified spatial state. Because of the different length of phrases, the contrast of strength and weakness, the breath support is constantly changing. If you want to sing beautifully, truly and clearly, you must cultivate your own intonation, rhythm, melody fluency, lines of phrases, proper restrictions on tones, etc. In the process of singing training, improve their vocal skills and musical literacy in vocal music works.
⑤ Stage performance: One trick and one style on the stage is inseparable from the experience and accumulation of real feelings in life. It is the emotional reappearance after the life experience of artistic processing and creation. When singing on the stage, you can't sing without moving, and you can't perform aimlessly. To achieve "both form and spirit", it is necessary to combine singing and image perfectly through proper performances to create an atmosphere for songs to express. To have a good typhoon, you should blend in with music as soon as you step onto the stage, be natural and graceful, behave appropriately, express music in a cultured artistic balance, and pay attention to cultivating singing performance ability in usual training.
Sound is like a gem, no matter how excellent it is, it will not shine brightly without polishing. On the other hand, a gem with excellent quality is likely to be destroyed if it is not properly polished. Therefore, it is very important for beginners to choose a suitable and experienced vocal music teacher. Vocal music teachers should be able to grasp the personality of students' voices, have sensitive listening ability and flexible methods. Just like an experienced chef, he can make delicious dishes with various materials by intuition. As a vocal music teacher, you should be able to give students reasonable and insightful opinions, no matter how to pronounce and understand the meaning and feelings of words, grasp the structure of music, color their feelings, and even give them reasonable and insightful opinions on their lives, hobbies and thoughts. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. It is different for all students to train in the same way. A good vocal music instructor does not necessarily have the strength of an excellent singer or a prestigious vocal music educator. He should be able to cultivate and explore students' potential and talents to the maximum extent. Cultivate and influence students in personality, quality, skills and many other aspects, and design and build a better future for students.
Third, how to choose the exam tracks that suit you?
It is very important for candidates to choose their own track, proceed from reality, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and give full play to their own level.
Candidates who apply for the major of vocal performance in the Conservatory of Music are required to have a considerable professional vocal level and be able to sing Chinese and foreign art songs and opera arias more completely. Generally 4-6 works should be prepared. The examination is divided into initial examination, second examination and initial examination. Generally sing two songs in the initial test; Sing 2-3 songs in the second interview, and do not repeat the songs in the first interview; Generally speaking, the third test is to sing 2-3 tracks. The exam repertoire is not clearly defined, and candidates can prepare according to the requirements in the enrollment brochures of the institutions they want to apply for.
The major of music education in normal universities is to train middle school music teachers. Vocal music has become a compulsory subject for every examinee, whether it is mainly vocal music or instrumental music. As I am a vocal music teacher in a normal university, I would like to make some explanations here according to the examination requirements of the Music Department of the School of Art and Media of Beijing Normal University in recent years for your reference.
Candidates who apply for music education major in normal universities and take vocal music as their major usually need to prepare 3-4 vocal music works, which are divided into preliminary examination and re-examination, and the singing tracks are generally not repeatable. Sometimes, the examiner can specify the test tracks on the spot according to the candidates' reports. There is no specific regulation on the degree of orbit. It can be composed songs, Chinese and foreign art songs or opera arias. In singing, it can be bel canto or national singing. Candidates should carefully prepare the exam tracks according to the requirements in the enrollment brochure of their own colleges, combined with their own conditions and practical abilities, with the help of the instructor.
First of all, you should suit yourself. Give full play to your own advantages and choose tracks according to your own sound quality, range, sound and degree. Never blindly pursue big and difficult works. It is said that a few years ago, some schools artificially divided the track into several grades during the senior high school entrance examination. If a candidate chooses a higher-level track, no matter whether it is suitable or not, he can get a high score as long as he sings it down. However, if you choose a track with a lower level, no matter how complete the singing is, you can only get the score of that level. This is a very wrong direction. Every year, most of the candidates in normal colleges are between 17-20, and the years of studying vocal music are about 2-3 years. Vocal music skills are still in the primary stage. Singing songs that are beyond one's actual ability prematurely can only expose one's faults, increase the psychological and physical burden of candidates, and even damage one's immature voice.
The selection of test tracks should be based on the principles of different types, styles, contents and sizes. Some Chinese and foreign art songs can be sung in full voice. Candidates can sing in the original tune or transpose the tune according to their own voice requirements. For example, teach me how not to think about her, my motherland, my kind mother, homesickness, my enthusiasm, the joy of love, etc. But if you choose an opera aria, you must sing it in strict accordance with the original sound and harmony according to the requirements of the role. National singing candidates can choose different types, different nationalities and different styles. Bel Canto candidates had better prepare 1-2 foreign works. This can show the professional level and musical accomplishment of the candidates in many aspects, and it is also conducive to the candidates' play.
For the candidates majoring in instrumental music, quite a few people didn't know that besides instrumental music, solfeggio and music theory, they also had to take the vocal music exam. Before the exam, they found a song to cope with the exam, and some candidates even sang it according to the score, which affected the overall performance of the vocal music exam. Because most normal universities are admitted according to comprehensive scores, in order to get good grades, no subject in the exam can be ignored.
Candidates majoring in instrumental music generally need to prepare vocal music works of 1-2, regardless of the type and degree. When choosing a test track, you should choose a track with narrow range and smooth melody according to your own level. Sing the whole song as much as possible, and show your musical sense and quality in singing. Of course, candidates have been trained in vocal music before the exam, have a certain foundation and degree, and will have considerable advantages in the exam.
Fourth, how to overcome the psychological problems in the exam.
Every year in the examination room of professional examinations, we will see that some candidates are too nervous and can't control themselves, which affects their examination results. Specific manifestations are muscle stiffness, voice trembling, high and low pitch, unstable rhythm, uncontrollable breath, and even some candidates suddenly go blank in the middle of singing, and even can't remember what the lyrics are. What caused these candidates to have the above situation? I think there are two reasons: first, the technology is not skilled enough and the preparation is not sufficient. Second, the psychological quality is poor. Anyone will feel more or less nervous at the moment they step onto the stage. Being nervous is not necessarily a bad thing. Moderate nervousness will encourage singers to enhance their enthusiasm for singing, and sometimes even go beyond their limits. Candidates should learn to adjust their mentality before the exam. In the process of preparing for the exam, they should read the music score, recite the lyrics, find out the singing difficulties of the songs and practice singing alone. Achieve the accuracy of words, sounds, lines and rhythms. At the same time, design your eyes, gestures and body movements on the stage. Most candidates rarely have the opportunity to sing in front of everyone or on the stage before the exam, so they need repeated training in sound, lighting and how to enter and leave the examination room. Exercise yourself to adapt to singing in various occasions and at various time periods. It's best to ask the piano accompaniment to practice several times in combination with the exam repertoire before the exam, so as to get to know each other. Generally, the examination room will provide piano accompaniment service, but because there are many candidates, time is limited, and they have never cooperated, it is necessary for candidates to clearly mark the requirements (speed, strength change, treatment, etc. ) It is composed in advance, and it is explained clearly with piano accompaniment when accompanying each other. Don't sing too much the day before the exam. You can sing silently in your heart, and sing the points that need attention over and over again. Most candidates can't sleep well because they are too nervous and excited before the exam. A good rest can ensure the normal examination. You should arrange your schedule reasonably, try to keep yourself calm before going to bed, and don't listen to or watch music or TV programs with strong rhythm. It is best to drink a cup of hot milk before going to bed, or burn your feet with hot water, which can promote sleep. Be sure to turn on the stereo before the exam. Sometimes if you wait outside the examination room for too long, you will feel that the sound you have already practiced is dry and tight. At this time, you can take a deep breath to calm your mind, and then hum up and down to adjust your excitement. When you stand on the stage, you should think "I will succeed" and have the confidence to win. Self-confidence is the foundation of relaxation, and building successful self-confidence is the premise of overcoming tension.
The annual college entrance examination is a life struggle for every candidate. Students who are interested in applying for music majors in music colleges or normal colleges, loving music and singing is the most important and fundamental prerequisite for studying and engaging in this major. Singing is an honorable and rewarding career. Vocal music learning is endless. I hope that all candidates will make their dreams come true in the new year through their unremitting efforts!
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What are the contents of vocal music examination in art examination?
The examination process of music art candidates can be divided into two parts: vocal music singing and musical instrument playing.
Vocal singing:
Examination requirements: Students taking the examination should prepare three songs by themselves, including opera, originality and folk songs. During the exam, candidates can choose a song to sing, and then the examiner draws another song. Control the singing time within 6 minutes.
Scoring standard for music and art candidates: Examiners comprehensively score the candidates' singing skills (40%), intonation and rhythm (20%), language style (20%) and typhoon performance (20%). Candidates cannot bring their own accompaniment. Each vocal music examination room is equipped with a piano accompaniment teacher. If accompaniment is required, candidates are required to provide accompaniment scores (staff).
Musical instrument performance:
Main subject (one of related instrumental music), vocal music, solfeggio, music knowledge, quality interview, etc. In addition to the piano, other required musical instruments need to be brought by candidates themselves.
Candidates prepare three songs themselves during the exam, and the examiner draws one when he speaks. The playing time is controlled within 8 minutes, and the piano score needs to be memorized.
Examiners give a comprehensive score of the examinee's mastery of music style, the completeness of music (60%) and the accuracy of technical mastery (40%), and the score is based on a percentage system.
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Who is not suitable for learning vocal music?
People who do not meet the following conditions are not suitable for learning vocal music. Learning vocal music requires the following conditions:
First, high understanding and keen thinking.
Vocal music performance needs both sound technology and performing arts. A person who can perform well in vocal music must be a person with high understanding and quick thinking. Learning vocal music really needs some understanding, and people with high understanding always get twice the result with half the effort. Through independent thinking and summarizing the learning process, learners can improve their understanding ability.
Second, the perseverance of studying hard and practicing hard
You can't learn vocal music well without the perseverance to study hard and practice hard. Many singers have gone through several years of basic training before they go on stage. Even after becoming an excellent singer, they often have to find a teacher to study and discuss.
Third, strong psychological quality.
As an excellent vocal performer, you must have a strong psychological quality to deal with any situation that happens on the stage. There are many singers and musicians who can calmly deal with the lighting or sound problems on the stage instead of being scared into a ball. This kind of aura is what every performer should have.
Fourth, strong self-confidence.
Self-confidence is an aura. Why do some singers feel "wow, so domineering" when they stand on the stage? In fact, this is the aura of self-confidence. When a singer can express her most beautiful voice, her self-confidence will gradually increase.
Fifth, we must have a sense of innovation.
The times are progressing, and people are gradually not satisfied with the same things. How can songs lead the times and be deeply rooted in people's hearts? No matter the performance style or sound processing, singers need to think and practice, and singers without innovative consciousness will soon get lost in the crowd. In order to keep up with the times, singers will learn this skill.
Sixth, cultural literacy: every song is a story, even representing an era and a group. If you don't understand the connotation of the song, singing blindly will only be disgusted by the audience. A good singer must be a person with high cultural literacy. Only by understanding the songs and the contents behind them can he perform his works better.
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