This word depicts a strong yearning for the motherland and achieves an artistic effect that makes the gods cry. "Spring flowers and autumn moon", the things that most easily evoke people's beautiful associations, made Li Yu doubly annoyed. He really complained to the sky: when will the spring bloom and the autumn moon be full? Reading a word makes people curious. However, as long as we imagine the poet's situation, it is not difficult to understand: a monarch who is above the sword, these beautiful things will only make him feel sad and remind him of the good life in the past, and the comparison between the past and the present will only make him sad. Ask yourself, "How much do you know about the past?" "The past" refers to the good life when I was king in the past, but everything has disappeared and become illusory. The spring of nature has gone and come again, but why is the spring of life gone forever? "The small building was easterly again last night, and the country could not bear to look back at the middle of next month." The "East Wind" brings the message of spring, but it makes the poet sigh "I can't bear to look back" and "the voice of national subjugation is mourning for thinking", which is probably the only way. Let's imagine: in the dead of night, the moonlight is blowing gently, and the sleepless people trapped in the small building can't help looking from the railing, facing the direction of their homeland, how much sadness comes to mind. Who can stand this situation? The word "you" contains much helplessness and sadness! The east wind has entered again, indicating that the spring flowers and the autumn moon have not ended and will continue; And I still have to linger and suffer. "The old country can't bear to look back in the middle of the month" is the inversion of "the old country can't bear to look back in the middle of the month". "I can't bear to look back," but I did. Looking back, "the jade fence should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed it." In my imagination, the mountains and rivers and the old palace of the old country are still there, but things are different and the mountains and rivers change hands; When I think about it, how much sadness and hatred are there. The word "just", with a sigh, conveys a sense of infinite regret.
The above six sentences are quite ingenious in structure. Several times, two-phase contrast and alternate sentences are used to echo, repeatedly emphasizing the cycle of nature and the fleeting life, which is full of philosophical meaning and deep feelings. One or two sentences compare the endless spring flowers and autumn moon with things that are gone forever in the world; A comparison between The East Wind Rises Again and The Old Country Can't Turn Back: A comparison between "should be maintained" and "change" in five or six sentences. The East Wind Rises Again and Should Still Be There echo Dang; I can't bear to look back and Zhu Yan has changed echoed the past. Such contrast and repetition vividly convey the ups and downs and worries of the poet's mind.
Finally, the poet was furious and became a famous sentence, "How worried can I be about you?" Like a river flowing eastward. "Using water as a metaphor for sorrow can be described as" the ancients came first, then the newcomers ". Liu Yuxi's Zhi Zhu Ci "Water infinite flow is like sorrow", and Qin Guan's "Jiangchengzi Xicheng Liu Yang Nongchunrou" is like a spring river full of tears. These poems are either understated or straightforward, and they are not as touching as "A River Flowing East", so they are called "true sad words". Comparing melancholy to "a river of spring water" makes abstract emotions vivid and sensible. Sadness is like spring, overflowing and unrestrained; Another example is the spring water, which goes on day and night. Formally, the nine words are even and flat, which read like the ups and downs of spring water, and fully express the depth and strength of feelings in the rising flow. Ending with such expressive words greatly enhances the appeal of the work. When the pages are closed, the reader seems to be overwhelmed by this endless sadness.
The whole poem expresses the pain of national subjugation, with profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, exquisite structure and fresh language; Although the words are short, they are memorable. It is no wonder that Wang Guowei commented: "The words of the Tang and Five Dynasties have no articles. Famous poets in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote articles without sentences. There is a saying that after the Song Dynasty, there were only Li Houzhu's works, as well as Yong Shu, Zi Zhan, Shao You, Mei Cheng and Jia Xuan. "
2. exact words:
Young mermaid, Chunhua Qiuyue: When is it?
Yu Li
When is the moon in spring and autumn? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward.
3. Translation:
When does this year's time end? I know how many things happened in the past! Last night, the spring breeze blew from the small building again. How can I bear the pain of missing my hometown in this bright night?
Carefully carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the people I miss are aging. Ask me how much sadness I have in my heart, just like this endless spring water rolling east.