Knowledge and ability objectives:
1. Read poems repeatedly with emotion and recite poems accurately.
2. Understand the knowledge about poetry; The thoughts and feelings expressed in five poems.
3. Taste the language of poetry and appreciate the artistic conception of poetry; Cultivate the ability to appreciate poetry and improve the cultivation of ancient poetry.
4. Understand the characteristics of poetic scene blending, and cultivate students' sense of rhythm in reading ancient poems.
Process and method objectives:
Read aloud, taste and feel; Use independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods.
Emotions, attitudes, values and goals
Stimulate students' thoughts and feelings of loving China's ancient cultural knowledge, and improve their cultural taste and aesthetic taste.
Important and difficult
1. Read and recite; Guide students to understand the artistic conception beauty of poetry and feel the linguistic beauty of poetry.
2. Taste the language, appreciate the artistic conception of poetry and understand the beauty of expression.
Teaching time
Three class hours
teaching process
First teaching time
First, import
Students, which literary genre developed most successfully in China, the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty? Indeed, China has been a country of poetry since ancient times. From the ancient Book of Songs, there are countless excellent poems. Today, we will learn four famous poems.
Second, learn to "see the sea"
1. About the author
Cao Cao (155? 220), the word Meng De, was born in Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). Politicians, militarists and poets in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. (The Romance of the Three Kingdoms praises Liu for belittling Cao's creative tendency, which leads to the author's failure to give Cao a fair evaluation. In the process of suppressing the yellow turban insurrectionary, we gradually strengthened our military strength. In the first year of Jian 'an (196), he met Xuchang, the imperial capital, and gave orders in his name, successively pacifying the separatist forces such as Lu Bu. In the fifth year of Jian 'an (200), Yuan Shao was defeated in Guandu and gradually unified the north. In the twelfth year of Jian 'an (207), Wu Huan's eastward expedition was also a great victory. The following year, he led the army south and was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi. Wang Wei was later blocked. Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and respected him as Emperor Wu. Good poems, such as Walking Out of Xiamen and Walking in Haoli, express their political ambitions with the theme of the old Yuefu, which are magnificent, generous and sad, and also reflect the tragic life of the people at the end of the Han Dynasty. There is a collection of books in Wei Wudi, which has been lost. There were a series of books in the Ming Dynasty. Today, people have sorted out the typesetting of Cao Cao Ji.
2. The writing background of Looking at the Sea
Looking at the Sea is a masterpiece of Cao Cao, and the poet is at the peak of his career. He leveled the northern heroes, and now he has defeated the remnants of Wu Huan and Yuan Shao, eliminated the future trouble and unified the north. If we use our superior forces to wipe out the separatist forces in the south, he can wipe out space and unify the whole country. In 207 AD, Cao Cao led an army to the north to pursue the remnants of Yuan Shao. In May, he swore the Northern Expedition, and in July, he left Lulong Village to climb the Jieshi Mountain, which was also climbed by Qin Shihuang. He climbed the mountain to see the sea, faced the bleak autumn wind and the turbulent sea, touched the scene and wrote this magnificent poem. He integrated his grand ambition and broad mind into the poem, and expressed it through the image of the sea, which made this poem have a vigorous and vigorous style and become a masterpiece that has been passed down to this day.
3. Yuefu poetry
Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty are generally untitled, and the title "Viewing the Sea" was added by later generations. Yuefu poems can be sung. The last two sentences of the poem? Fortunately, singing and chanting? It was added when the chorus was added, and it was an attachment to the poem, which had nothing to do with the content of the poem.
4. Read the poem aloud and feel the whole.
(1) Pronunciation
Jieshi (Ji? ) hey (d? N) accept (sǒng zh? ) bleak (s? )
(2) rhythm
The rhythm of poetry can be divided into syllables and meanings. Four-character poems are usually read as each sentence. Two? Two? Beats, such as: East/Jieshi, watching the sea/the sea.
(3) explanation
Shuihelian: How, how. Ripple, the appearance of water waves rippling.
Looking at the sea with scenery: a conjunction expressing purpose with scenery.
Yamashima: high. Stand straight. Stand straight.
Bleak: Describe the sound of the wind blowing trees.
Lucky, even: lucky, lucky. To the extreme. I am very happy. That's great.
The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected: if, such as. It, it refers to the sea.
? A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Han is a talented star. What if he becomes famous? Is it in ancient poetry? Intertextuality? . That is to say, only one party professes in words, meaning depends on the other party. The sentence not only says:? A trip to the sun and moon? , also said? A trip to xinghan? ; Not just saying? Xing Han is talented? , also said? Sun and moon compete for glory? . Put them together. If the sun, moon and stars run brilliantly, are they all out of the sea? .
5. Read the poem again and discuss it.
This is a lyric poem about the scenery. The poet described the magnificent scene of the sea devouring the sun, the moon and everything, showed the poet's broad-minded mind, and expressed his ambition to contribute to the great cause of China's reunification.
(1) the whole poem written in which word?
All poems? Opinion? This word dominates the whole article. What is the following? Opinion? Open the words and write down what you saw on the mountain.
(2) How many meanings does this poem have? Which poems are realistic? Which poems are fictional?
The whole poem has three meanings.
The first floor (1-2 sentence): It shows that the location of looking at the sea is directly related to Chen Qi. It's simple. Opinion? The word leads the whole article, which is the clue of poetry. The following ten sentences are about what you see from the sea.
The second layer (3-8 sentences): Describe sea water and mountain islands. From the beginning, from the panoramic writing, I focused on rendering the boundless and surging momentum of the sea. It means: the vast sea is blue and boundless, and only the mountain island at the foot stands high in the center of the sea. This floor is all about real scenes. It's a foil
The sea is rippling and dynamic; The mountain island stands tall, quiet and quiet, and the dynamic and static set each other off, showing the vastness and majesty of the sea; Write vegetation again, it is still static. There are many trees and many herbs? Then the mountain island writes about vegetation, which is full of thriving scenes. The second time? Hongbo? Back to move, dynamic and static collocation, show the majestic momentum of the sea. Clock? Excellent choice of words From the description, we not only see the shape of the sea surging into the sky, but also seem to hear the sound of stormy waves lapping on the shore.
The third layer (9- 10 sentence): with the help of strange imagination, it shows the spirit of the sea devouring the sun, the moon and the stars. Is it a virtual scene, that is, the poet's subjective feelings, from two? What if? The words can be seen. These four sentences are XX of the whole poem, creating a pole.
Open artistic conception: the rushing sun and moon and the starry galaxy are all contained in this sea. What a spirit!
The last two sentences are attached for the sake of harmony and joy, and have nothing to do with the content of the poem.
(3) Which poems best reflect the author's broad mind? What kind of feelings does the poet paint the image of the sea with?
The first part of this poem describes the scene of the sea, which has a broad vision and can also show the poet's mind, but compared with the latter part, the weather is slightly inferior. ? A trip to the sun and moon? The four sentences about the sea are all written in vain, which shows that the sea has the spirit of containing heaven and earth and shows the poet's broad mind.
The image of the sea is the embodiment of the poet's image. The poet pacified the northern heroes, and now he has defeated the remnants of Wu Huan and Yuan Shao, which relieved the worries of the upcoming reunification of China in the south. When he was full of ambition, he used the image of the sea to express his desire to make contributions, and wrote magnificent poems that were recited through the ages.
6. Emotional tone:
Desolate and generous, has always been regarded as? Jian' an style? A masterpiece.
7.？ Poetry expresses ambition?
Looking at the Sea is a lyric poem with scenery as its theme. The poet writes about the sea, expressing his ambition to unify China and make contributions. This feeling is not directly revealed in the poem, but contained in the description of the scenery. The whole poem has a broad artistic conception, vigorous momentum and full of XX between the lines. Of the ten sentences about scenery, the first six are real scenes, and the last four are virtual scenes. Real scenery gives people an immersive feeling, while virtual scenery stimulates readers' imagination with its novelty. The poet compared himself to the sea, showing his broad mind and heroism.
Third, the class summary
Fourth, homework
Second lesson
First, import
Second, learn a mooring at the foot of Beibao Mountain.
1. Solve the problem:
The traffic in ancient times was so underdeveloped that even the ancient emperors could not get on the modern buses. Therefore, it is difficult for people who are in exile or looking for jobs abroad to go home regularly, and naturally they will not miss home. Therefore, expressing homesickness has become an important theme in ancient poetry. Today, let's take a look at a poem by Wang Wan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, A Stop at the foot of Beibao Mountain, and feel the author's deep homesickness.
Second, it means stopping the car. Beigushan faces the river on three sides, and the situation is dangerous. What do you mean? The best in the world? .
Step 2 introduce the author
Wang Wan was born in Luoyang (now Henan), and the date of birth and death is unknown. Poets in Tang Dynasty. In the first year of congenital (7 12), he was a Jinshi and an official in Luoyang. It has a long history, and I have to travel between Wu Chu, so I can't go home, so I made it. His poems have not been widely circulated.
3. Listen to pronunciation correctly and grasp the reading rhythm of five-character poems.
This poem has beautiful artistic conception, simple language and harmonious rhyme. Five-character poems generally have three beats, 221 or 221. For example, the guest road/castle peak/outside, boating/green water/front. Sea, Sun, Life and Night, Jiang Chun/Entry/Last year.
The guest road refers to the journey. Zhenjiang was the hub of land and water transportation at that time, so? Guest road? With what? Sailing? Correspondence.
Finally, I can send my messenger, Dayan, back to Luoyang: a letter from home is a letter from the poet to his home in Luoyang. It used to be said that Hongyan handed books, and the poet meant to entrust the books to the geese.
4. What are the four parts of this poem written? What is the relationship between quadruple?
The first link: point the question. ? Castle peak? When it comes to Beigushan, the poet is on the boat. Guest road? That is, the postal route. Imagine that after the ship arrives in Zhenjiang, it will take a postal train to other places, which means traveling around the world.
Zhuan Xu: Write about the scenery I saw on the boat. ? Ping? Broad? Positive? Hanging? Four words are very refined:? Tidal level? The two sides are wide; ? Zheng Feng? The sail was hung. ? Tidal level? Sentence, is it for the neck and joints? Jiang Chun? Sentences to pave the way.
Necklace: Write the scenery and point out the season. ? Dead night? It means the end of the night. Last night, there was a high tide in the East China Sea, and the spring came on the river in the old year-how time passed so quickly without emotion! These two sentences not only vividly and accurately describe the scenery, but also show the universal truth of life, giving people an optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration.
Tail couplet: The poet has been away from home for a long time, day after day, year after year. The New Year is coming, and it is time for his family to get together, and he has been traveling and eating in other places for a long time. What's shameful about seeing this? From this, he naturally thought of borrowing goose feet to deliver letters to him. The whole poem is interrelated and integrated.
5. Which poems directly express homesickness?
Tail couplet directly expresses homesickness. The whole poem is shrouded in faint homesickness.
6. Explore the imagination? Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail? What kind of scene is this?
Find a picture of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River for students to see, or recite Li Bai's "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran". On the way to Yangzhou, look at Tianmen Mountain in the distance, and then point out the specific position of the poet at the moment. )
? Broad? what's up Tidal level? Result. The spring tide is surging and the river is vast. Looking around, the river seems to be flat with the shore. People on board also have a broader view. This sentence is written in a grand way; ? No wind blows my lonely sail? The more exciting it is. ? Hanging? It hangs end to end. Poets don't use it? Smooth sailing? And use it? Zheng Feng? Is it the light? Smooth sailing? Not enough to guarantee? Hanging sails? Although the wind was steady but strong, the sails bulged into an arc. Only when there is a breeze with the wind can you sail? Hanging? And then what? Positive? Words and bags? Shun? With what? And then what? The content of. Visible scenery is extremely vivid. The whole poem is harmonious and beautiful.
7. Appreciation of famous sentences.
? ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness? From the composition point of view, it has the function of leading out the ending couplet, that is to say, it is related to the poet's homesickness. ? Living day and night? Spring to the old year? They all indicate the alternation of time series, and they are in such a hurry. How can this not be called being in it? Guest road? What about the poet's homesickness? The sea is born in the dead of night, which will drive away the darkness; Jiang Chun, what does the scenery on the river say? Spring? Breaking into the old year will drive away the severe winter. It not only depicts the scene truly and accurately, but also shows the universal truth of life, giving people optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration. Follow? But I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker and the sad mist was hanging over the river waves? Compared with it, it looks cheerful.
Third, learn Spring Tour of Qiantang River.
1. knowledge introduction
Qiantang Lake is another name for West Lake. When we mention the West Lake, we will naturally think of Su Shi's famous sentence? If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, light makeup is always appropriate. . Bai Juyi's poem seems to really see the face smiling at history.
Bai Juyi (772? 846), the word Lotte, since the number Xiangshan lay. Originally from Taiyuan, he moved to the capital (now Weinan, Shaanxi). He used to be an official and a prince with little wealth. He advocates? Articles combine the times, poems combine things? , anti-ism. His poems are vivid in image, popular in language and fresh in content, such as Song of Eternal Sorrow, Pipa Journey, Charcoal Man, Memory of Jiangnan, Farewell to Ancient Grass and so on. , deeply loved and passed down by people. He wrote a lot of poems in his life and was the most creative poet in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Changqing Ji has seventy-one volumes. There are 50 pieces of new Yuefu and Qin Zhongyin 10, all of which are very famous, especially? Asking questions about something? The new Yuefu is the most famous, and it is the representative work of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty.
A Spring Tour in Qiantang was written when he was the secretariat of Hangzhou. This poem describes the beautiful scenery of the West Lake in early spring and expresses the poet's happy mood.
2. Listen to the pronunciation and rhythm, and understand the priorities of the language.
What is the beat of the seven-character poem? /? /? /? ,? /? /? /? . Such as Gushan/Sibei/Jiating/West, Shuimian/Chuping/Jiao Yun/Low. Several places/early warblers/contention/warm trees, whose home/new swallow/peck/spring mud. When reading aloud, the last word of each beat will encounter a flat sound.
Extend it appropriately, and cook a meal in case the sound drops, so that reading has its own rhythm.
3. What are the four parts of this poem written?
The first pair of couplets: the poet wrote from a big place, describing the mountains and rivers that the poet saw when he passed the Jiating of Gushan Temple. ? Low water level and low cloud feet? Outline the early spring on the lake. ? Water surface? Refers to the West Lake. At the beginning of the water level, the spring water is rising, and the water level of the lake is rising, which is the same as that of the dike. ? Cloud feet are low? Refers to the overlapping of white clouds and rippling water waves on the lake. It seems that the clouds are very low. Feet, which means drooping.
Zhuan Xu: Writing Yingying Yan is what poets see. Yingying is a singer in spring, and everyone is competing to fly to the sunny tree to sing; Yan, the messenger of spring, has begun to build a nest with mud, which brings people a feeling of vitality.
Neck couplet: Writing flowers and plants focuses on the poet's subjective feelings. The horse walked briskly on the shallow grass and looked at the flowers for a long time. His eyes were full of colorful flowers, which made people dizzying and puzzled. Write like this, to the point? Okay？ Words. The grass is new, so? Shallow? It is also a scene of early birth; ? No hooves? Is it also dark cutting? Okay？ Words.
Tail couplet: express one's feelings directly and express the poet's happy mood. ? Is it enough? It's because I haven't seen enough, which means the poet is lingering. Completely intoxicated by the beautiful lakes and mountains.
Poet's Journey: Poetry? Gushan Temple? Gundam? Baishadi? End, that is, wandering: from Gushan North to Bai Causeway in the east of the lake.
4. What words can be seen from Spring Tour in Qiantang River to describe the scene of early spring?
Pay attention to details. Like what? The water is flat? (see note); ? Fight for warm trees? ,? Warm trees? The tree facing the sun, the spring cold has not retreated, so the warbler fights for it; ? Pick spring mud? , Yanchu is here; ? No horseshoes? Grass was born-this is the scene of early spring. (early warbler, new swallow, disorderly flower, shallow grass. )
5. Which poem shows that the poet has been intoxicated by the beautiful lakes and mountains?
? The lack of eastbound love lake? This sentence shows that the poet lingers and has been completely intoxicated by this beautiful lake and mountains.
6.？ How many places? Why not? Everywhere? ,? Whose family? Why not? Family?
Say? How many places? , visible is not? Everywhere? ; Say? Whose family? , visible is not? Family? . Because it is still early spring. Here? Good morning. And then what? New? In a sense, they grow up with each other, connecting the birds and swallows into a complete picture. Because it is? Early warbler? So grab that warm sunny tree and try its dripping sound; Because it is? Xinyan? It will arouse people's joy of falling in love at first sight.
7. Summary: What is the main meaning of this poem? Okay？ Words. The poet wrote about the pleasure of riding and swimming in spring, from the north of Gushan Temple to Baisha Land. Where to start? Huping Chuping? I saw the scenery in Gushan Temple, and what I saw in the middle was when I was traveling. In the shade of poplars? Write about the scenery of Baisha dike, which is bright and light and fascinating.
Fourth, class summary.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.
The third category
First, import
Second, learn "Tianjingsha? Qiu Si "
1. This is a lyric work, which vividly shows the sorrow of a wandering wanderer for a long time in just 28 words. People have been talking about it for over 700 years? Homesickness? You will think of this work, because it makes good use of the writing method of scenery contrast, puts the lyric hero in a specific atmosphere, and realizes the high unity of subjective artistic conception and objective environment.
Tianjingsha is the name of a musical instrument. Qiu Si? Title. Yuanqu is a genre of China's ancient poetry, which originated in the Yuan Dynasty and is also called Sanqu. There are two kinds of songs: poetry and divertimento, and Tianjingsha is poetry. The style of Qu He's ci is similar, both of which are based on tone, but they are more lively and free than ci.