This poem was written after Wen Tianxiang was captured. The poet recalled a sentence or two of his life, but limited by space, in his writing, he cited two things: becoming an official and losing the battle. The four sentences in the middle are closely related to "war and death", which clearly expresses the author's understanding of the current situation: the country is in turmoil, the tragedy of national subjugation is inevitable, and personal fate is even more out of the question. However, in the face of this great change, the poet did not think of his personal way out and future, but deeply regretted his failure to win in the military, thus turning the situation around. At the same time, I feel particularly sad for my isolation. Between the lines, it is not difficult to feel the great pain of the author's country's ruin and death, as well as the bleak mood of self-blame and self-sigh. The last two sentences are Wen Tianxiang's choice of his own destiny without hesitation. This adds a tragic and passionate strength and self-confidence to the previous feelings and grievances, showing a unique lofty beauty. This is not only the embodiment of the poet's personality charm, but also the unique spiritual beauty of the Chinese nation, far beyond the scope of language and writing.
Original text:
Crossing the Zero Ocean, Wen Tianxiang
Once the effort comes, there will be fewer stars around.
The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.
The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean.
Since ancient times, life has never died, take the heart of Dan and follow the history!
Translation:
Looking back, I went through a lot of hardships when I entered the imperial examination in my early years, and the War Consumers Association has survived for four years now. National peril is like catkins flying in the wind, and personal experience is like duckweed in a shower. I'm still scared by the fiasco at Fear Beach. Ling was captured by the yuan army and was banned in most places. Kublai Khan appreciated his talent, surrendered himself, and stood firm with high officials and Wen Tianxiang, lamenting that I was alone. Who can live forever since ancient times? I want to leave a patriotic loyalty to reflect history.
Creative background:
This poem can be found in Wen Tianxiang's Guide to the South, and its date is 1279 (the second year of Song Xianggong). In A.D. 1278 (the first year of Song Xiangxing), Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured in Wupoling, Haifeng, Guangdong, and was taken aboard. I wrote this poem when I was passing through Lingdingyang the following year. Later, he was escorted to the cliff mountain, and Zhang Hongfan forced him to write a letter to make Zhang Shijie, Lu Xiufu and others who stood on the cliff mountain surrender. Wen Tianxiang refused to accept this poem and showed his ambition. Try to meet a road, there are few stars around. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs. The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean. Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving a heart that shines through history. This poem is one of the famous works in Wen Tianxiang's Journey to the South. About the second year of Xiangxing (1279), it was captured by the Yuan Army in the first month of the following year. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Marshal Zhang Hongfan forced him to surrender to Zhang Shijie, who insisted on maritime resistance, and wrote this poem to celebrate the festival.
Writing characteristics:
The whole poem summarizes the major events in the author's life, and the combination of narration and expression is generous, sad and touching.
The first six sentences of the poem exaggerate the emotional appeal of sorrow, anger and bitterness, and the last two sentences turn to write an impassioned and generous swan song, which has received a shocking and earth-shattering effect.
The author introduces:
Wen Tianxiang (1June 6, 236-12831October 9), whose real name was Shan, was later changed to Song Rui, a native of Wenshan, Luling, Jizhou (now Ji 'an County, Jiangxi Province), a minister, writer and national hero at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and was also called "three outstanding figures at the end of the Song Dynasty" with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie. Baoyu was the number one scholar in the fourth year (1256), and successively awarded official signatures for Ningshui Division, such as the official government, Langguan of the Ministry of Punishment, Langguan of Jiangxi, Langguan of Shangshu, Lingguan of Hunan and Governor of Ganzhou. 1276, was sent to the Yuan Army barracks for negotiation, was detained, and then escaped from danger to Tangwan, Taixian County via Gaoyou Zhuozhuang, and returned from Nantong South. In the first year of Xiangguang (1278), he was defeated and captured by Zhang Hongfan. He struggled in prison for more than three years, and died peacefully in Chai City on 128319 October at the age of 47. Wen Tianxiang was handed down to future generations in the name of loyalty and righteousness. During his capture, Yuan Shizu persuaded him to surrender with high officials and generous salaries. Wen Tianxiang would rather die than surrender, and his life stories are praised by later generations, including Crossing Zero and Ding Yang, Poems of Wenshan, Returning to the South, A Guide to the Future and Song Zhengqi.