Academic goal
1. Read and recite Yu Wen's text.
2. Understand and accumulate some notional words in classical Chinese.
3. Understand the dark reality that the author expresses dissatisfaction by describing "Xanadu" and pursue rationality.
Think about the thoughts and feelings of society.
Important and difficult
Key points:
(1) Reading and reciting classical Chinese.
(2) Understand and accumulate some notional words in classical Chinese.
(3) Understand the narrative clues of the article.
Difficulties:
Understand the twists and turns of the story, suspense, fascinating writing.
The teaching time is two hours.
teaching process
first kind
First, preview
1. Look it up in the dictionary and read the following stresses correctly.
Huhu (Huo) Huhu (especially) Huhu (Yi)
2. Read the text well, consult the dictionary, refer to the text notes and try to translate the text.
Second, import.
1. Author:
Tao Yuanming was born in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty and came from a declining landlord and bureaucratic family. He was strong when he was young.
Ambitious, knowledgeable, willful and unruly. At that time, the society was in turmoil, and his ambition could not be revealed. I was a small official,
Dissatisfied with the ugliness of officialdom, he abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown. At this time, he was forty-one years old and lived a "hard" life from now on.
"Living in seclusion in the capital. Worry, hunger, cold, fatigue, and overcoming illness tortured him together and died at the age of 63.
Later called Mr. Jing Jie.
His poems and songs mostly describe rural life, show beautiful natural scenery and express it.
He loves rural life and is willing to associate with farmers rather than go along with the rulers.
Feelings; However, it also contains optimistic understanding of life and negative factors to adapt to the world. In form, it is the opposite of fashion.
Pseudo-style, fresh and clear, simple and natural, good at grasping the most prominent characteristics of objective things, light
A few vivid strokes, expressing its image, are concise, implicit and full of charm, which is of great significance to later writers.
The influence of.
The writing time of this article is about the second year of Song Yongchu (42 1), and Tao Yuanming is fifty years old.
Seven years old. He refused to cooperate with Liu Ge's upcoming regime and was dissatisfied with the dark political reality. At the same time, due to
He is close to farmers and understands their desire to pursue an ideal society, so he wrote this poem.
2 leads:
Have the students learned the idiom "Xanadu"? It was written by Tao Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty in Taohuayuan.
A peaceful and beautiful place isolated from the world and unaffected by war. at present
Let's follow the fisherman to this paradise.
Third, text analysis.
1. Read the text aloud. (or listen to the old normal teacher and read the text together after listening to the tape)
Please try to translate this text. (Each student translates a sentence)
3. Master the words in the text notes. Occupation: Make a living by it. Edge: along. Sandwich: Sandwich the two sides of the stream. Miscellaneous: something else.
Delicious: bright and beautiful. Different: surprised. Poverty: exhaustion. Give it up, give it up. Suddenly:
Open and bright. Cheerfulness: Cheerfulness. Flat and spacious: flat and open. Genus: class.
Note: All. Believe in yourself: joy, contentment. Where are you from? Salty: Both.
Asking: Asking for information. Ancestor: Ancestor. Wife: wife and children. Yi people: fellow villagers.
Never come back: never go out from here again. Yan: From here. Space: cut off from the past
Let's go All: all. Sigh: sigh, regret. Y: please. Tell (him).
Insufficient: not worth it. It's already started. Make a mark. Yi: interview, lie ... fear. such as
This: Like this. Send: Send. My pleasure: my pleasure.
Four. abstract
1. Ancient and modern meanings.
Fresh and delicious
Ancient meaning: bright, beautiful and delicious.
Meaning: (taste) fresh
traffic
Ancient meaning: criss-crossing traffic
Modern meaning: transportation
Madame
Ancient meaning: wife and children led their wives and people to this desperate place.
Modern meaning: refers to the man's spouse and wife.
Desperate situation
Ancient meaning: an isolated place came to this desperate place.
Today's meaning: there is no way out.
whatever
Ancient meaning: forget it, let alone Wei and Jin dynasties.
The meaning of today; Regardless (conjunction)
such
Ancient meaning: Say so.
Today's meaning: like this
edge
Ancient meaning: walk along the stream
Meaning: cause, fate
stay
Old meaning: Please ask the others to go home.
Modern significance: extension. extend
Koushui/Short for Tianjin
Ancient meaning: The ferry here refers to sightseeing. After that, no one cares.
Modern significance: oral liquid
2. Polysemy
Give up: abandon the boat and find: find what you want.
The house seems to be dying.
Chi: There are marks everywhere. Pool: Find the right direction first.
Mark what you are looking for and look at each other.
3. Judgment
Nanyang Liu Ziji, noble's also.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang is a man of noble character.
Verb (short for verb) homework
I practice after class.
2. Choose the best design of class assignments.
Optimal design of the first class assignment
(-) One of the following added words is ()
A will get a mountain (get it) and get its boat (find it)
Abandoning the ship (abandoning, abandoning) the house is strict (house)
C. Take a trip to Yuanxi (by boat) and walk ten steps (on foot)
D Wu Lingren's fishery (as) is not humanitarian (right, right).
(2) Choose the following sentences with different usages from the other three sentences: ()
A fisherman is very different. There are fertile land and beautiful bamboo.
C. answer it. D. smell it and follow it happily
(3) The following ten-day punctuation cannot be interpreted as () with "du".
A. men and women dress like strangers.
B. I heard that there was this person in the village, so I came to inquire.
C. Ask and answer questions frequently.
D. This man-I apologize for what I said and heard.
(4) Translate the following classical Chinese sentences.
1. The traffic in the building, dogs and chickens hear each other.
2. Lead your wife to this desperate situation.
3. This person-one heard it through words. It is not enough for outsiders to do humanitarianism. Second lesson
First, guide people
We made the meaning of the article clear last class, and this class we will analyze the content of the article together.
Second, text analysis
1. Read the text aloud and try to recite it.
2. Divide the article into sections and summarize the meaning of the paragraphs.
It is divided into three parts according to the fisherman's whereabouts.
The first part (section 1) describes how a fisherman came across a peach blossom forest while fishing.
The second part (section 2 ~ 3) describes the fisherman's visit to the Peach Blossom Garden and his remarks.
The process of going.
The third part (from the fourth quarter to the end) writes that after the fisherman left Taoyuan, the prefect sent people to visit him one after another.
The unsuccessful situation in Taoyuan.
Question 3: How did the fisherman discover the Peach Blossom Garden?
Discussion summary: by the stream, I forgot the distance and suddenly met the peach blossom forest. If you go any further, you will want to be poor.
If there is no water in the forest, make a mountain. The mountain has a small mouth and seems to have light. Give up the boat, from the mouth. The initial pole is very narrow,
Only through people. Take a few steps and you will be suddenly enlightened.
4. Question: How does the author describe the natural scenery of Taohua Forest?
Discussion summary: There are hundreds of steps on the shore, and there are no miscellaneous trees in it. The grass is delicious and the English is rich and colorful.
5. Question: How does the author describe the living environment of Taohuayuan?
Discussion summary: the land is flat and spacious, the houses are natural, there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. Tiger Claw pt.
Children, chickens and dogs hear each other.
6. Question: How does the author describe the hospitality of Taohuayuan people?
Summary of the discussion: you have to go home and set out wine to kill chickens for dinner. When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire.
The others went home, eating and drinking.
7. Question: Why are Taoyuan people "scared" when they see fishermen?
Discussion summary: Write the surprise that Taoyuan people gave strangers, which shows that Taoyuan has been isolated from the world for a long time.
It's far.
8. Question: Fisherman-Why do Taoyuan people "sigh" because they have heard it?
Discussion summary: I regret that the world outside Taoyuan is so turbulent and dark.
People regret not living a stable and peaceful life.
9. Q: What is the reason why this China proverb is not enough for outsiders?
Discussion summary: I don't want outsiders to disturb the life here. Do you want to find another heaven for the people below?
We must lay a good foundation.
10 Question: A fisherman went out of Taoyuan and "looked around". Why did he "look" when he went back?
Lost, no longer get this road "?
Discussion summary: The purpose of the author's writing is to make people feel that Taoyuan is a seemingly empty place.
It looks real and unreal there. Suggesting that Taoyuan is fictional.
1 1. Q: Why was Taohuayuan the ideal society at that time? What should we do today?
Evaluation?
Discussion summary: The paradise imagined by the author is opposite to the real society in which the author lives.
Someone's taken. It has beautiful scenery, fertile land, rich resources and simple folk customs. There is no oppression here, no
War, social equality, peace and tranquility were really the ideals of the people at that time and even the whole feudal society.
This world. This ideal reflects the wishes of the broad masses of the people to a certain extent, but under the conditions at that time,
It's impossible, so it's just a pipe dream.
Three. abstract
The full text takes the whereabouts of Wuling fishermen entering and leaving Taoyuan as a clue, and puts the discovery of Taoyuan in the peach.
What the source saw, heard and experienced, and the situation of finding Taoyuan after leaving Taoyuan all run through it. story
Zigzag cycle. It fictionalizes a beautiful realm opposite to the dark real society and places itself.
Their political ideals reflect the wishes of the broad masses of people. (central idea)
Fourth, blackboard design.
Discover the Peach Blossom Garden: hundreds of steps along the coast, no miscellaneous trees, delicious herbs and flowers.
(Beautiful scenery)
Enter the peach blossom garden
What you can see: the land is flat, the houses are tight, and the land is fertile and beautiful.
There is a lot of traffic in the building, and chickens and dogs hear each other. (Good environment)
Enjoy life (lead a stable life)
What I heard: I escaped the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and came to this desperate place (for a long time).
Calendar: I will go back to my hometown, set wine to kill chickens for food (simple folk custom) and leave the Peach Blossom Garden.
If you guide your ambition, you will get lost, and you will get lost.
Willing to go, failing, looking for a disease.
investigator
It doesn't seem to be here
Ideal society
Verb (short for verb) homework
1. Exercise after class.
2. Choose the best design of class assignments.
Optimal design of the second classroom assignment
Read the following text and answer the last question.
I was shocked to see the fisherman. Ask what you haven't done. () Every county has its own.
() I have to go home and set out wine to kill chickens for dinner. I heard that there was this person in the village, so I came to inquire, and I went there.
When I entered Qin, the world was in chaos. Shen's wife, Yi people, came to this desperate place and didn't come back. They are isolated from outsiders. () q
What is the world today? I wonder if there are any Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. This man's words are mixed, and he sighs.
Sigh. The others went home, eating and drinking. Stop for a few days and () resign. This kind of Chinese
As the saying goes, "others are not humane enough."
1. The subject is omitted in brackets, please fill it in.
2. "Yao" in the text is pronounced as _ _ _ _, and "Jian" in the text is pronounced as _ _ _ _ _.
3. The "Yao" added in this article is _ _ _ _, and there is another expression in this passage.
The word that means this is _ _.
4. "Wife" refers to a man's spouse in modern Chinese, and its part of speech is _ _,
In the text, it refers to _ _ _ _, which is a _ _ _ phrase.
5. Translate sentences.
Outsiders don't see enough: _ _ _ _ _ _.
6. The reason why Taoyuan people "all sigh" is: _ _ _ _ _.
7. In this paper, a simple fashion is drawn with wavy lines, which shows the hospitality of people in the Peach Blossom Garden.
Statement.
(attached translation)
In the first year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wu Lingren made a living by fishing. He rowed along the stream (one day).
Boat, forget the distance. Suddenly I saw (1) Peach Blossom Forest, (Peach Blossom Tree) with streams on both sides.
Hundreds of steps, there are no other trees in the middle. The grass is bright and the flowers are falling. The fisherman is wrong.
Often surprised. Go further and want to go to the end of this forest.
The forest where the stream originated (peach) has gone, and there are mountains on it.
A small hole, as if there were light. He left the boat and got in through the hole. Jin Chu
At that time, the hole was very narrow and only one person could pass through. I took a few more steps, and suddenly I was enlightened.
Yes The land is flat and open, the houses are clean and tidy, there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds and
Mulberry, bamboo and the like. The paths in the field are intertwined, and the chickens and dogs hear each other.
People come and go to farm and work, and men and women dress exactly like the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden. the aged
The children are full of joy and appear very satisfied.
When (the people inside) saw the fisherman, they were surprised and asked where (the fisherman) came from. (fisherman)
Gave him a detailed answer. (The man) invited (the fisherman) to his house to prepare wine to kill chickens and cook.
(entertaining him). When people in the village heard that there was such a person, they all came to inquire about the news. (They) say ancestors
(In order to avoid the disaster of Qin), we will lead our wives, children and neighbors to this isolated place.
Fang, no longer go out from here, so he cut off contact with outsiders. (They) asked about the present.
Which dynasty was it? I didn't even know there was a Han Dynasty, let alone Wei and Jin Dynasties. This man (to them)
Introduced in detail what they heard, and they all lamented. Others were invited.
When (the fisherman) came to his home, everyone took out wine and rice (to entertain him). (Fisherman stays here) A few days.
Just leave. People here told (him): "(The situation here) is not worth treating outsiders.
Say it. "
After (the fisherman) came out, he found his boat and did it everywhere (along the way) along the old road.
Marked it. Back in the county, I visited the satrap and reported the situation. The satrap immediately sent someone with him.
I went to look for the mark I made last time, but I got lost and couldn't find my way again.
Liu Ziji, a native of Nanyang, is a noble and famous person. Hearing this, he intends to go happily, but there is no reality.
Now, he died of illness soon. Since then, no one has asked for directions.