Introduction to the historical figure Cao Zhi
When you mention Cao Zhi, you will definitely think of his seven-step poem. The "Seven-step Poetry" expresses Cao Zhi's strong dissatisfaction with his brother Cao Pi, as well as his depressed and angry mood. Thoughts and feelings. "Poetry in Seven Steps" has a total of six sentences. After being deleted and revised by later generations, only four sentences remain today. Among them, "We are born from the same roots, why rush to fight each other" has become a classic saying that exhorts brothers to live in harmony. Let’s take a look at the profile of the historical figure Cao Zhi.
Introduction to historical figure Cao Zhi 1
Cao Zhi, also known as Zijian, was the third son of Cao Cao and Empress Wu Xuanbian. He was not only the most talented scholar in Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, but also one of the representatives of Jian'an literature.
Cao Zhi was very smart since he was a child. He could recite the "Book of Songs", "The Analects of Confucius" and pre-Qin and Han poetry when he was only ten years old. For this reason, Cao Cao liked Cao Zhi very much, and often took him with him.
In 217 AD, Cao Zhi took advantage of Cao Cao's outing to secretly take the royal carriage and horse for a tour in the palace. Cao Cao was furious when he found out, and gradually lost his trust and love for Cao Zhi. In October of the same year, Cao Cao made Cao Pi his heir apparent, and Cao Zhi began a miserable second half of his life. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was worried that Cao Zhi would threaten his throne. So, he was invited to the palace and asked to compose a poem within seven steps. Cao Zhi knew that Cao Pi was deliberately making things difficult, so he had no choice but to compose the "Seven-step Poetry" in extreme grief and anger. Since then, Cao Zhi's life has been guarded and restricted, and he has been moved many times.
In 232 AD, Cao Zhi died of illness in depression and was buried in Yushan, Dong'e County. In terms of poetry and poetry, Cao Zhi had outstanding achievements and was respected as a model during the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. At the same time, Cao Zhi was also the first person in the history of poetry to write five-character poems vigorously, and completed the transformation from Yuefu folk songs to literati poems. Later generations also called him, Cao Cao and Cao Pi the "Three Caos". Introduction to the historical figure Cao Zhi 2
Cao Zhi, courtesy name Zijian, was born in the state of Pei. A famous writer from Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms and a representative figure of Jian'an literature. The son of Emperor Wu of Wei Cao Cao and the younger brother of Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi, he was King Chen during his lifetime and was given the posthumous title "Si" after his death, so he was also called King Chen Si.
Later generations called him, Cao Cao and Cao Pi the "Three Caos" because of his literary attainments. Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, even commented that "there is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian has eight fights". . Wang Shizhen said that Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi were among the poets who could be called "immortal talents" in the two thousand years since the Han and Wei dynasties. Cao Zhi, courtesy name Zijian. Yinghui has been smart since she was a child. She has recited hundreds of thousands of poems, essays and poems since she was 10 years old. Cao Cao once believed that Cao Zhi was "the most capable of determining major events" among the disciples, and wanted to make him his heir apparent several times. However, Cao Zhi behaved laissez-faire, did not follow etiquette and laws, and repeatedly violated laws and regulations, which aroused Cao Cao's anger. However, his elder brother Cao Pi was quite hypocritical and finally gained the upper hand in the struggle to establish the crown prince. In the 22nd year of Jian'an (217) Be established as the crown prince.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao died of illness. Cao Pi succeeded to the throne of Wei and soon became emperor. Cao Zhi's life changed from then on. He went from being an aristocratic prince who lived a life of leisure and entertainment to being the target of restrictions and attacks everywhere.
In 226 AD, Cao Pi died of illness and Cao Rui succeeded him as Emperor Wei Ming. Cao Rui still strictly guarded and restricted him, and his situation did not fundamentally improve. During the 12 years of the reign of Emperor Wen and Ming Dynasty, Cao Zhi was moved to several fiefdoms. The last fiefdom was in Chen County. Cao Zhi passed away on December 27, 232, and was given the posthumous title of Si, so later generations called him "King Chen". Or "King Chen Si".
Poetry is the main field of Cao Zhi's literary activities. There is a big difference in content between the early period and the later period. The poems in the early period can be divided into two categories: one type expresses his leisurely life as a noble prince, and the other type reflects his feelings of the era of "being born in chaos and growing up in the army". His later poems mainly express his sometimes angry and sometimes sad mood under oppression, expressing his unwillingness to be abandoned and his desire to make meritorious deeds in life.
There are more than 80 relatively complete poems by Cao Zhi extant today. Cao Zhi made many innovations and developments in the art of poetry. In particular, he made great contributions to the creation of five-character poems. First of all, most of the ancient Yuefu poems of the Han Dynasty are mainly narrative. It is in Nineteen Ancient Poems that the lyrical component plays an important role in the works. Cao Zhi developed this trend and organically combined lyricism and narrative, so that five-character poetry could not only describe complex changes in events, but also express tortuous psychological feelings, which greatly enriched its artistic functions. Cao Zhi was also the master of Jian'an literature and had a great influence on later generations.
During the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, he was respected as a model of writing. Xie Lingyun, a great poet of the Southern Dynasties, even praised Youjia: "There is only one stone (dàn) in the world, and Zijian only has eight buckets. I have one bucket, and all the people in the world have one bucket." The idiom "The talent is high, eight buckets". Derived from this. Wang Shizhen said that Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi were among the poets who could be called "immortal talents" in the two thousand years since the Han and Wei dynasties. The origin of the seven-step poem
"The beans are boiling to burn the pods, and the beans are weeping in the cauldron. They are from the same root, so why rush to fry each other?"
This "seven-step poem" It was written by Cao Zhi, a poet from Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. It expresses Cao Zhi's strong dissatisfaction with his brother Cao Pi, as well as his depressed and angry thoughts and feelings.
Cao Zhi was smart since he was a child and was favored by Cao Cao. After Cao Pi became emperor, he was worried that Cao Zhi would threaten his throne, so he recruited him into the palace on the grounds that he did not express condolences to his late father in time and ordered him to compose a poem within seven steps. If he couldn't do it, he would be punished. Cao Zhi knew that Cao Pi was deliberately making things difficult and he couldn't excuse himself, so he had to write a poem in seven steps in extreme grief and anger.
"Poetry in Seven Steps" has a total of six sentences. After later generations' deletions, only four sentences remain. Among them, "We are born from the same roots, so why rush to fight each other" has become a classic saying that exhorts brothers to live in harmony.