The whole poem is as follows:
Deng Kuaige Huang Tingjian
A fool who left public affairs behind leaned on yat sen villa.
Qian Shan has a vast sky, and Chengjiang has a bright moon.
Zhu Xian has become a beauty. Young people talk because of alcohol.
Wan Li returned to the boat to play the flute, and this heart was allied with Bai Ou!
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1082), Huang Tingjian was appointed as the magistrate of Taihe County in Jizhou (now Taihe County in Jiangxi Province). After work, poets often go to the Kuaige Pavilion, which is named after the scenery of Chengjiang in Tsinghua (Qing Yi Zhi Ji 'an Mansion). This famous seven laws is to write out what you have seen and felt temporarily. Concentrated on.
Generally speaking, the beginning of an article or a poem is often so difficult that some writers often cut it off. This is because at the beginning, the author has not yet integrated with the situation of the work, so it is easy to pose. At the beginning of Huang Gu's poem, it can be beautifully conceived and attract the countryside. The poet said, I, a fool, boarded the express booth after I finished my work, leaning against the bar and overlooking, in the afterglow of this sunset. The latter sentence uses Du Fu's "Pay attention to Leng Jiang's mountain pavilion" and Li Shangyin's "The soul of eternal chastity leans on the sunset glow", and there are many surprising renovations. The word "idiot" reverses the meaning of predecessors and directly admits that he is "idiot", which is one of the humors; The word "let it go" renders the poet's happy mood of relief, echoes the "fast" darkness of "fast songs" and increases the sense of unity. This is the second wonderful use; The word "leaning on yat sen villa" is beyond the previous pattern. Du Fu's "Mountain Pavilion" is a plain description of the real situation; Li's "leaning", whose theme is "eternal chastity soul", is an illusory reality; The "leaning" of Huang's poems can be described as the combination of reality and reality; The poet's leaning is a real scene, but he leans on the boundless twilight sky. Looking at these three houses is like an artistic photography, with poets and pavilions in the background light of the sunset.
Not only that, the word "leaning on the sunset glow" also paved the way for the description of the next sentence, which made the poet generate sing the swan song of "Qian Shan is vast in sky and Chengjiang is clear in January". Looking at countless autumn mountains, the fallen leaves on the mountains have fallen, and the vast sky is more distant and spacious at this time. Chengjiang, pure as jade, flows under the pavilion. It is also a portrayal of the poet's mind. Reading this poem can't help but remind people of Du Fu's famous sentence "Leaves fall like waterfall foam, but I think the long river always rolls in" and Xie Tiao's "Yu Xia is in full bloom, and Chengjiang is as clean as practice". And this sentence of Huang Gu not only absorbs the nutrients of predecessors, but also reproduces a new realm. Therefore, predecessors have commented on this sentence: "Its artistic conception is epoch-making, so it can really split the mystery of ancient and modern times."
Five or six sentences are the middle sentences in which the poet skillfully uses allusions. The first sentence is the story of Boya holding a piano and thanking her bosom friend. "Lu Chunqiu's Taste" contains: "When Zhong Ziqi died, Boya broke his piano and lost his string, and he never played." The last sentence used Ruan Ji as a blue eye. History records that Ruan Ji is blue-eyed. "When people see the customs, they all look at them with dirty eyes. The string on the piano was broken and I stopped playing, so I had to drink and chat to relieve my worries. The word "horizontal" is used incisively and vividly here, showing the image of the poet's helplessness, loneliness and boredom.
The poet said that he hoped to board the boat, play the melodious flute and return to his distant hometown-my heart, which had already made a pact with Bai Ou. Judging from the structure of the whole poem, the ending is quite wonderful: at first, the poet talked about "neglecting official duties for idiots", showing his boredom with officialdom and his desire to climb the pavilion to enjoy the natural scenery; Then, gradually getting better, the poet was intoxicated by the beautiful moonlight in Qian Shan and Chengjiang, which was in sharp contrast with the "ending" of the beginning "business"; In the beautiful scenery, the poet's worries come for no reason, and he feels the pain that his ambition cannot be realized and his heart is not understood. So where is the way out? This naturally leads to the poets' thoughts of "returning to the ship" and "Bai Ou". This ending not only echoes the beginning, but also ends conveniently, giving people a feeling of "hovering in one breath" (Pan Boying's comment), which is meaningful and imaginative.
This poem was highly praised by later generations. Yao Nai called this poem "majestic and rhythmic, and this movement is too white to sing in the seven laws"; Fang commented: "Four sentences are narrated at the same time, and five or six sentences are popular, especially bold. This so-called one-way gas is contained in the row. " These comments are very pertinent. Weng Fanggang commented on the poem "Huangshan Valley": "Apart from Pogong, there is such an extremely high style, which is extremely great, and the vitality of nature is fully expressed."