The meaning of "Crossing the Fortress":
It is still the bright moon and border pass in the Qin and Han Dynasties, guarding the border against the enemy and fighting thousands of miles to recruit people who have not returned. If Li Guang, the flying general of Dragon City, was still here, the Xiongnu would never be allowed to go south to herd horses across the Yin Mountains.
"Crossing the Fortress" is a frontier fortress poem by Wang Changling, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The full text is: The bright moon of the Qin Dynasty and the pass of the Han Dynasty, and the people who marched thousands of miles have not yet returned. But the flying generals of Dragon City are here, and Hu Ma is not taught to cross the Yin Mountain.
Appreciation:
This is a famous poem about the frontier fortress, which expresses the poet's wish to appoint a good general to quell the war at the frontier fortress as soon as possible so that the people can live a stable life. The poet starts by describing the scenery. The first sentence outlines a desolate scene with the cold moon shining on the border. "The bright moon of the Qin Dynasty and the Pass of the Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the bright moon of the Qin Dynasty and the pass of the Han Dynasty.
Here the four characters Qin, Han, Guan and Yue are used interchangeably, which is called "intertextual meaning" in rhetoric, which means the bright moon in Qin and Han Dynasties and the pass in Qin and Han Dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has not stopped since the Qin and Han Dynasties, highlighting the long time. In the second sentence, "Thousands of miles long march, people have not yet returned." "Wanli" refers to the thousands of miles apart between the frontier and the inland. Although it is a false reference, it highlights the vastness of the space. "People have not yet returned" reminds people of the disasters caused by war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation.
The creative background of "Crossing the Wall"
The writing background of "Crossing the Wall": At that time, the northern border of the Tang Dynasty was already full of crises. As early as the period of Wu Zetian, Khitan Li Jinzhong rebelled against the Tang Dynasty and captured Yingzhou. The Turks were rampant in the Anxi area, and the Anbei Protectorate of the Tang Dynasty was forced to move south. During the Kaiyuan period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty listened to Zhang Shuo's advice and reformed the "prefecture military system" and land policy. After several years of war, he gradually captured Yingzhou, stabilized the northern border, and moved the Anbei Protectorate to the road.
The poem "Out of the Fortress" was written by the author Wang Changling when he went to the Western Regions in his early years. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the border has been troubled, the beacon fires are not extinguished, and the soldiers have not returned from garrison for a long time. The poet was concerned about border affairs and sympathized with the soldiers who had been fighting for a long time. He believed that the key issue in border defense was that the generals were useless and could not resist the invading enemies. Therefore, he wrote a poem based on the old Yuefu title "Out of the Fortress" to satirize the past and the present.
Introduction to Wang Changling
Wang Changling (698-756), courtesy name Shaobo, was born in Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). A famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, later generations praised him as the "Seven Masters"
In his early years, he was poor and humble, trapped in farming. As he grew older, he became a Jinshi. He first served as secretary of the Provincial School, and became a scholar and scholar. He was awarded the rank of Sishui Lieutenant. He was demoted to Lingnan due to some affairs.
Friends with Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan, Cen Shen, etc. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang'an and was granted the title of Jiang Ningcheng. He was slandered and relegated to Long Biaowei. An Shi rebellion broke out and he was killed by Lu Qiu, the governor.
His poems are famous for his seven unique poems, especially the frontier fortress poems he wrote when he went to the northwest frontier fortress before ascending to the throne. He is known as the "poet master Wang Jiangning" (there is also the saying of "the poet emperor Wang Jiangning") .