The full name of Blog should be Web log, which means "weblog" in Chinese, and later abbreviated as blog. Blogger is the person who writes blogs. Understandably speaking, blog is "a publishing method that expresses personal thoughts, network links and contents, and arranges them in chronological order and constantly updates them". Simply put, a blog is a person who is used to keeping a diary online.
Blog is the fourth way of network communication after e-mail, BBS and ICQ. It is a personal "reader's digest" in the network era, a network diary with hyperlinks as a weapon, a new way of life and work, and a new way of learning. Specifically, the concept of blogger is interpreted as a person who publishes, publishes and posts personal articles on the Internet by using specific software.
A blog is actually a web page, which usually consists of short and frequently updated posts, which are arranged in reverse order of year and date. The content and purpose of blogs are very different, from hyperlinks and comments to other websites, ideas about companies and individuals to diaries, photos, poems, essays and even the publication or release of science fiction. Many blogs are publications that people think of, while others are collective creations of a group of people based on a specific theme or the same interest.
With the rapid expansion of blog, its purpose is far from the initial experience of browsing the web. At present, there are thousands of bloggers on the Internet who publish and post blogs for different purposes. However, because communication is simpler and easier than email and discussion groups, blog has become an increasingly popular communication tool for families, companies, departments and teams, because it is also gradually applied to intranets.
The history of blogs
The name blog was first put forward by Jorn Barger in 1997 65438+ February. But in 1998, there are only a handful of blog sites on the Internet. At that time, Jesse J.Garrett, the editor of Infosift, wanted to make a list of similar blog sites, so he began to search hard on the Internet.
Finally in February of 1998, he collected a list of some websites. He sent the list to Cameron Barrett. Cameron thought it was very useful and posted it on the Camworld website. After discovering this move, other blog website maintainers have also sent their own websites, website names and main features, and the list is increasingly rich. By the beginning of 1999, Jessie's list of "complete blog sites" had reached 23 sites.
Because the list of blog sites maintained by Cameron and Jesse is interesting and easy to read, it attracts a lot of people's attention. In this case, peter mayle Holtz declared: "This new thing will certainly attract the attention of most people. As a common word, online blogs will inevitably be called blogs in the future, and those who write online blogs will naturally become bloggers. This represents that the blog has been officially named.
With the increase of the number of blogs, the blog content written on various blog sites is also mixed, and it is impossible to understand the main content and characteristics of each new site. Cameron later published only familiar blog sites on the website. Soon after, Bridget Eaton also collected a list of blog sites called "Eaton Portal" and suggested that the content should be organized according to the date. This also establishes a main standard for the classification and arrangement of blogs.
1July, 1999, a free tool software named "Pitas" was released, which played a key role in the rapid construction of blog websites. Subsequently, hundreds of similar tools mushroomed. This tool is of great significance for accelerating the establishment of the number of blog websites. In August of the same year, Pyra released Blogger website, and Groksoup was put into operation. With the simple Internet-based tools provided by these enterprises, the number of blog websites has finally exploded. At the end of 1999, software developer Dave Winer recommended the website to edit this page, and Jeff A. Campbell published the website Velocinews. All these services are free, and the purpose is clear: let more people become blogs and express their views and opinions online.
What does the blog bring?
At present, half of the daily media content in the world is controlled by six media giants. Driven by interests, ideology and traditional censorship, these seriously treated contents have become increasingly unsuitable for people's needs. The industrialization of media and the factory of content output have seriously affected its development.
For example, the Associated Press has nearly 4,000 professional journalists, who "manufacture and leave the factory" 20 million words of content every day, and publish it in more than 8,500 newspapers, magazines and broadcasts every day, treating readers as "information animals". This cathedral-style model dominates the whole media world. At this time, the personal-centered blog trend has begun to strongly impact the traditional media, especially the traditional concepts and ethics formed by the press over the years.
Blog is an online personal publishing method that meets the "five zero" conditions (zero editing, zero technology, zero system, zero cost and zero form), and realizes "open source code" from the three most important links in the media value chain: author, content and reader. At the same time, in terms of ethics, operating mechanism and economic laws, the real opening of the system level will be gradually completed, so that the future media world will complete the fundamental transformation from cathedral mode to market mode.
The appearance of blog embodies three basic contradictions, directions and interactions in the media industry in the Internet age: commercial monopoly and non-commercial freedom, mass communication and personalized (differentiated and niche) expression, one-way communication and two-way communication. These contradictions have been fundamentally solved at least in the technical level because of the open source movement triggered by blogs.
The rise of blogs
In recent years, all news media have tasted the taste of technological change. Nowadays, no one will deny the revolution that the Internet has brought to the media, but it seems that not many people feel the magic of the Internet: subversive forces seem to have not yet come to this world.
What matters is time. For impatient people, time is like a slow river; for calm people, time is a torrent. It is true that the power of the Internet has not been fully exerted, because the commercialization of the Internet began only 10 years ago. As a new media method, the Internet has just crossed 10 years since it was tried.
For a brand-new media form, 10 years is really too short. However, 10 years is enough for people to feel the overwhelming power and the influence still lurking quietly. Nowadays, with the emergence of blogs, the abnormal power of online media has begun to appear and its momentum has gradually increased. Although blogs are still out of sight of most people, their journey to change history has begun.
1998, the personal blog website "Draghi Report" took the lead in exposing the scandal of Clinton Lewinsky;
The events of 200 1 and 9 1 1 made blogs an important news source and entered the mainstream;
From June 5438 to February 2002, Lott, the leader of the majority party, was targeted by blog sites and lost his job.
In 2003, the traditional media around news reports and the Iraq war on the Internet also started at the same time, and the credibility of traditional American media was questioned unprecedentedly, and blogs won a great victory.
In June 2003, the executive editor and editor-in-chief of The New York Times stepped down because of the truth revealed by "blog", which set off one of the biggest scandals in the history of news media.
In April 2004, most of the sensational Gmail testers came from bloggers;
……
This series of subversive forces from the blog world not only shaped the brand-new image of the blog itself, but also profoundly changed the tradition and future direction of the media.
Future development forecast of blog
Blog inherits the free spirit of personal website, but incorporates a new model to stimulate creativity, making it more open and constructive. It is necessary to embody the existence of individuals in the online world, publicize their social values, expand their knowledge horizons and establish their own communication groups. In this sense, blogs will become more and more popular and accepted by more and more people. In August, 2002, the opening of "Blog China" website marked the appearance of "Blog" in the Internet field in China. 165438+1October 18, the news and communication website "Zijin. Com launched a new column of "Blog Challenge" when it was revised. From the perspective of information dissemination, the emergence of blog websites and channels means that the channels of information collection and release are simplified and accelerated to the greatest extent for bloggers. Maybe you don't believe it yet, but think about it. Why did blogs flourish when the Internet was at its lowest ebb, when personal websites were in the Great Depression, and when commercial websites were at their worst, without the investment and speculation of any big companies? "Of course, everything takes time. Blog has just started to develop, especially in China. At present, it is only the popularization and embryonic stage of the concept of blog. We can't judge the future completely according to the present situation, but depends on the development rhythm of 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 years later. Of course, the first step is to practice by yourself. "
As a new way of expression, blog not only spreads emotions, but also spreads a lot of wisdom, opinions and thoughts. In a sense, this is also a new cultural phenomenon. The emergence and prosperity of blog really highlights the knowledge value of the network, which indicates that the development of the Internet has entered a higher stage.
The inventor of the wiki concept is ward cunningham. What exactly does the word wiki mean? According to FAQ, the word WikiWiki comes from the Hawaiian word "wee kee wee kee", which means "fast". In fact, wiki is really simple and fast, and you can see that wiki is growing every day.
The definition of new concepts is always a bit confusing, and wiki is no exception. Let's look at a simple explanation: wiki-a writing tool for multi-person collaboration. Wiki sites can be maintained by many people (even any visitor), and everyone can express their opinions or expand or discuss the same topic.
If you don't understand, I'll show you a more complicated and dizzy explanation: Wiki refers to a hypertext system. This hypertext system supports community-oriented collaborative writing and includes a set of auxiliary tools to support this writing. We can browse, create and modify Wiki text on the basis of Web, and the cost of creating, modifying and publishing is much less than that of HTML text. At the same time, Wiki system also supports community-oriented collaborative writing, providing necessary help for collaborative writing; Finally, the Wiki authors naturally form a community, and the Wiki system provides a simple communication tool for this community. Compared with other hypertext systems, Wiki is easy to use and open, so Wiki system can help us enjoy knowledge in a certain field in a community.
Still a little foggy? A little more popular: according to the definition of wiki community, wiki is a website that provides a "* * * collaboration" environment, that is, everyone can modify the page information on the website at will. This sounds crazy. What if strangers come to the website to fuck around? Don't worry, all wiki have the concept of "version control", and you can always get back the correct version before; What's more, you are not alone, and the power of the community is amazing. Under this belief that human nature is good, the whole wiki community has grown rapidly. If you are still worried, you can help wiki join the access control mechanism to ensure foolproof. In addition to version control, it is worth mentioning the "formatting rules". Because HTML grammar is really a nightmare for ordinary people, wiki has created a set of simpler writing grammar so that everyone can concentrate on writing.
If you still don't understand, it doesn't matter. Don't chew slowly yet, or look at it slowly with a calm mind.
The history of Wiki is not long, and both the concept of Wiki itself and the characteristics of related software systems are still under intense discussion. So what kind of site can be called wiki system is still controversial. The latest technology related to Wiki is blog, which reduces the difficulty of hypertext writing and publishing. Both of them are closely related to the content management system. The first Wiki website was born in 1995, which was created by ward cunningham as an interactive place for schema definition and discussion. The Portland schema knowledge base:/PPR/; Its roots can be traced back to ZOG database system 1972 of Carnegie Mellon University.
1995 ward cunningham has established a tool-Portland Model Library to promote the exchange of model communities. In the process of establishing this system, ward cunningham created the concept and name of Wiki, and realized the service system supporting these concepts. This system is the earliest wiki system. From 1996 to 2000, Portland Model Knowledge Base continuously developed some auxiliary tools to support community-oriented collaborative writing, thus enriching the concept of Wiki. At the same time, the concept of Wiki has also been spread, and many similar websites and software systems have appeared.
1March 25th, 995, the history of Wikipedia officially began.
1 May, 19951"Pattern List Innovation" was released. This is the first wiki site in the world, and it is an automatic supplement to the Portland Model Knowledge Base. As soon as the website was released, it was immediately successful in the "model community".
Evolution of the positioning of this website:
1994 demonstration community and its resources and applications;
1996 overall design, architecture and methods;
1997 planning and design from the perspective of people and organizations;
Limit planning and design of 1998;
Wiki itself was in 2000;
Wikipedia, sociology, etc. In 2003
4. What can Wikipedia do?
Statement 1: wiki can be said to be a tool for building websites. Wiki takes more people into account, so its grammar is much simpler than HTML, and it is almost as easy to use as ordinary wordpad editing text. Weiki is most suitable for encyclopedia, knowledge base, sorting out knowledge in a certain field, etc. Several people from different regions can write a book together by using wiki. We plan to use w iki to edit an e-learning encyclopedia. Interested friends can contact me and we can edit together. Statement 2: Of course, the first thing that comes to mind is * * * pen system (such as FreeBSD *** pen), reading club, project development, book writing, translation, data arrangement (such as website design resources) and frequently asked questions. These are all very suitable for a group of people to do. Secondly, you can think about how to use the functions of version control, such as sorting out ideas (you can compare the old version at any time), doing homework, taking notes in class and so on. Some people even use wiki to write encyclopedias! If you still want to play, please tell me.
What does a Wiki do?
A Wiki replaces complex HTML with simplified syntax, which increases the editing tools of WEB interface and lowers the threshold of content maintenance.
Secondly, Wiki realizes version control through text database or relational database, and can retrieve the previous version at any time and compare it with the previous version. Version control makes it possible for many people to cooperate and protects the content from being lost.
Any information can be modified and deleted by anyone, and the content of the page remains consistent, because it is so easy to get rid of junk words and advertisements, and the most meaningful content is left to the end; Anyone can participate, but in the end, the best participants are left behind;
Characteristics of intransitive verb wiki
convenient to use
1) quick maintenance: create, access and change hypertext pages quickly (which is why it is called "wiki wiki").
2) Simple format: replace the complex format tags of HTML with simple format tags. (similar to WYSIWYG style)
3) Convenient links: links (pages, external links, pictures, etc. ) can be established directly with keyword names through simple tags.
4) Naming is simple: the keyword name is the page name, which is placed in a single-layer, flat namespace.
organization
1) Self-organization: Like the content of a page, the organization structure of the whole hypertext can be modified and evolved.
2) Convergence: Multiple pages with duplicate contents in the system can converge in one of them, and the corresponding link structure will change accordingly.
grow up
1) can grow: the link target of the page may not exist yet. By clicking on the links, we can create these pages and make the system grow.
2) Revision history: record the revision history of the page, and you can get all versions of the page.
make public
1) Open: Community members can create, modify and delete pages at will.
2) Observability: Visitors can observe the changes of pages in the system.