The first sentence uses the story of Fu Bo general Ma Yuan, that is, there is no intention to change the allusion at all; But it has changed:
The second sentence, using the second half of the fixed distance, is a reverse use, that is, he disagrees with the original intention in the allusion and puts forward the opposite view, indicating that his attitude of joining the army is not to be homesick like Ban Chao, but to serve the country to death and turn poetry into a layer;
The third sentence uses the allusion that Jin and Jiang Rong defeated Qin together. The poet added the word "don't send" to show his attitude, which is using the allusion;
The fourth sentence uses the allusion of Xue's "Three Arrows Set Tianshan Mountain". The poet changed the original allusion from "three arrows" to "one arrow", which changed but did not change the original intention, and was also using the allusion.
2. Original text:
Li Yi —— Frontier Song (Ⅱ)
Fu Bo just wanted to be buried, so why did he enter the customs?
Don't just send a reincarnation hole, but still leave an arrow to shoot the Tianshan Mountains.
3. Introduction to the author:
Li Yi (748-829) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Yu Jun. Longxi (now Wuwei, Gansu) was born in ancient Tibet. My home is in Zhengzhou (now Henan). In 769, he was admitted to the first class, and in 783, he was awarded the title of outstanding scholar. After his career was frustrated, he went to Zhao Yan. In 797 AD, he was appointed as Liu Ji, our special envoy to Youzhou. In 800 AD, he went south to Yangzhou and other places and wrote some excellent works describing the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. After 820 AD, he entered the DPRK as a secretary, a junior supervisor, a bachelor of Jixian, and a regular servant of Zuosanqi. In 827 AD, he became the minister of rites. He is a representative poet of frontier fortress poems in the middle Tang Dynasty. Although there are many heroic words in his frontier poems, they tend to be sentimental, mainly expressing the long-standing resentment and hope of frontier soldiers, and no longer have the heroic optimism of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He is good at quatrains, especially at seven-character quatrains; There are also many famous articles in law. There are two volumes of Li Yi Ji and two volumes of Li Junyu's Poems.
3. Precautions:
Fu Bo: It refers to Ma Yuan, the general of Fu Bo in the later Han Dynasty. Ma Yuan once said, "A man should die on the border battlefield and bury his ears with their boots."
"Dingyuan" sentence: Dingyuan: refers to the Dingyuan of the later Han Dynasty. He stayed in the border for a long time, homesick and missing his old age. He hopes to express his wishes to the emperor on the throne and hope to enter Yumenguan in his lifetime. The meaning of this sentence is: since we must aspire to frontier defense, why must we be born in Yumenguan?
"Don't send" sentence: only round: one round. Biography of Ram: It is recorded that when Qin Jun was defeated, he lost "a horse that didn't come back", which means to completely annihilate the enemy. Cave: generally refers to the enemy's lair. Sea: Lake.
One arrow shot at Tianshan Mountain: When dozens of enemy cavalry came to challenge, Xue, a general of the Tang Dynasty, fired three arrows in succession, killing three people, and the rest dismounted and asked to surrender. In the military camp, it was sung: "The general will set the Tianshan Mountains with three arrows, and the strong man Long song will enter the Han Pass." "An arrow" is a symbolic statement, which means that in order to ensure the security of the border, an arrow representing the national defense forces should still stay there.
4. Appreciate:
In this hot age, it's like wanting to die in the sea. As long as you can fix the border, why enter the customs? Even if I trade my life for the stability of the border, it is worth it. Don't go back to Jiangnan alone, as long as there is breath, we must also ensure the stability of the northwest (Tianshan generation). Expressed the poet's determination to stabilize the frontier.
In this poem, the poet used four allusions, and the style was simple and vivid, which showed Tang Junbing's lofty ambition of serving the country faithfully and dying. The first and second sentences of this poem use the allusions of the famous branch and Dingyuan Hou. The third sentence uses the story that the State of Jin defeated the State of Qin during the Warring States Period, and the fourth sentence uses the story that the famous Tang Dynasty scholar Xue Sanjian set the Tianshan Mountains. At that time, the army sang: "The general's three arrows set Tianshan Mountain, and the captain's song was Han Guan."
Li Yi's frontier poems mainly express soldiers' long-term homesickness, but there are also some impassioned works. The song "The Song of Xia Sefubo only wants to be buried" is a famous song in this respect.
The poem is compared with the famous border guards of the previous generation, expressing the lofty sentiments and ambitions of the soldiers. The first two sentences praised Ma Yuan and Ban Chao, two celebrities in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Fu Bo just wants to be buried", which tells the story of Ma Yuan. Ma Yuan made contributions in the Eastern Han Dynasty and was named General Fu Bo. He once said: men should die in the front line and be buried where they died in boots. "Why do you have to enter the customs if you are far away?" This sentence tells the story of Ban Chao. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao put pen to paper to join the army, put down the rebellion of some aristocratic rulers of ethnic minorities in the Western Region, and sealed him for thirty-one years. Later, because of his advanced age, he wrote to the emperor and requested to be transferred back. There is a saying "I wish I was born in Yumen Pass".
In order to protect the country and defend the country, border guards should stay in the frontier for a long time, preferring to die in the battlefield rather than return to Yumenguan alive.
The last two sentences show the determination to destroy the enemy and defend the border for a long time. "Don't send the wheel to the cave", "A wheel", a wheel. Biography of the Spring and Autumn Ram: "In thirty-three years, in summer and April, Jin people and Jiang Rong defeated Qin Wei food ... Jin people and Qiang Rong attacked the grain they wanted, and the horses only turned back." "Cave" originally refers to the cave where animals live in the sea, and here refers to the vast sea (desert) where the enemy lived at that time. This means that the enemy cannot escape. "There is still one arrow to fix Tianshan Mountain" and "One arrow to fix Tianshan Mountain" are the stories of Xue's voyage to the West in the early Tang Dynasty. Xue Zhuan, a book of the Old Tang Dynasty, said: "When he was in office, Xue Lingbing met more than 100,000 troops of the nine surnames of the Turks in Tianshan Mountain, shot and killed a few of them who were sent to challenge, and the rest dismounted and asked to surrender. Xue led his troops to advance. During the triumph, the army sang: "The general's three arrows will set the Tianshan Mountains, and the captain's song will enter the Han Pass. "
The above two sentences mean: "to completely destroy the enemy, we must not let an enemy escape, but stay in the frontier so that the enemy will not dare to invade again."
This poem eulogizes the heroic spirit and sacrifice spirit of the soldiers who were impassioned and resolutely eliminated the invading enemy through the stories of three famous men in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao and Xue in the early Tang Dynasty, and reflects the people's desire for safety and stability at that time. The whole poem is full of emotion and bright syllables, and it is a heroic poem that inspires people to give their lives to serve the country.