The methods of phonetic notation in ancient reference books are as follows:
1. Direct phonetic notation
Phonetic notation with homophones, such as: Fu Yin Fu;
deficiency: words without homophones can't be phonetic. If homophones are more difficult to read than the phonetic words, they have no phonetic function, such as being dirty.
2. Pronunciation method
That is to say, Chinese characters are pronounced by analogy, "pronounced like a certain pronunciation", for example, Song, if read, send; Read like a flower.
3. Ye Yinfa
Changing the pronunciation of a word temporarily for the sake of rhyme in poetry is a wrong way of phonetic notation, which is subjectively forced to change the pronunciation of the word, and there is no basis, such as: learn from the mouse, learn from the mouse, and eat from me.
4. The backcutting method
It appeared in the late Han Dynasty and was the most important method of phonetic notation for Chinese characters in ancient China. The backcutting method is to use two Chinese characters to phonetic notation for another Chinese character.
the former one is called the reverse tangent upper word, the latter one is called the reverse tangent lower word, and the phonetic characters are called the cut word. The relationship can be expressed as follows: the cut word = the reverse tangent upper word+the reverse tangent lower word.
Extended information:
Since p>195, Chinese Pinyin has been widely popularized in Chinese mainland. Most people use Pinyin to spell Chinese characters, but the pronunciation of Chinese characters is marked in common language tools, and Pinyin and phonetic notation are still used at the same time;
In Taiwan Province, before learning to write Chinese characters, primary school students must teach phonetic symbols for about ten weeks as a tool to understand the pronunciation of Chinese characters. In practical life, phonetic symbols are pinyin to mark new words, and they are also common Chinese character input methods.
phonetic symbols have been successfully implemented in Taiwan Province province, and all primary school students are required to be proficient in using them. Therefore, in the teaching of Taiwanese and Hakka, the Ministry of Education has added new symbols to spell these "local languages";
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