basic knowledge
Common sense of literature
This article is selected from Tao Yuanming's anthology. Tao Yuanming, also known as Qian, has a cheerful personality and is known as Mr. Jingjie in the world. Xunyang Chai Sang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) was a famous pastoral poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Dissatisfied with the reality at that time, he abandoned his post and retired. Peach Blossom Garden and Gui Xi Ci are both masterpieces handed down from ancient times. We also learned that he had returned to the garden.
Classical Chinese vocabulary
General words
Along, along. Cross-strait. Clips, on both sides. Some. Fragrant flowers. [Falling English] Falling Flowers. For example, the first flower. English, flowers. [Colorful] Various appearances. It's complicated again. It seems very vague, describing what I didn't really see. Only. Flat and open. A neat appearance. Class [genus]. [building] field path [informed, salty] all, all. [Blonde] refers to the elderly. [crying] refers to a child. [Yi Ran] describes joy. [is] unexpected. [detailed]. Asking for news. [cloud] said. [Sigh] Sigh and surprise. Sigh, surprise, surprise. Send out an invitation. (in)) tell. [Help] All the way, all the way. In the past, I was old. [and] to. [concept] to. Faction. [readily] happy appearance. Plan. [fruit] enlightenment.
polysemy
Within 1 year. (Jintaiyuan) No.2 Middle School. (There are no miscellaneous trees in it) [Chronicle] 1 Mark. (looking for ambition) 2 marks. (Everywhere) ①(wéi) as (fishing for a living in Wu Lingren) ② (Wé i) Pair, to. (Humanity is not enough for outsiders) [looking for] 1 looking for. (looking for ambition) Right away, soon. (looking for the end of the disease) [smell] 1 I heard. I heard of this man in the village. Give up [give up] 1 (sh ě) Give up. (boathouse) ② (house). (The house looks like this) [Work] 1 Work. (Among them, the current planting) 2 Do it. (setting wine to kill chickens for food)
Different meanings of ancient and modern times
[Delicious] Ancient: bright and beautiful. Today: The food tastes good. [Cheerful] Ancient: The place is open and the light is sufficient. Today: optimistic, carefree, not gloomy. [Transportation] Ancient times: staggered. Today: all kinds of transportation, posts and telecommunications. [Wife] Gu: Wife and children. Today: A man's spouse. [Put all your eggs in one basket] Ancient: an isolated place. Today: There is no way out. [Whatever] Gu: Forget it, forget it. Today: conjunctions indicate different conditions but the same result. [So] Gu: Like this. Today: Like this. [insufficient] ancient: not worth it. Today: not enough; Dissatisfaction.
Flexible use of parts of speech
Surprise. Exhausted means exhausted or exhausted. After [doing], the text means disappearing.
Common words
[Invitation] Invite, invite.
idiom
Describe suddenly enlightened 】 【 from narrow darkness to open light. It is also a metaphor for thinking about a certain truth for a long time and then suddenly understanding it. Suddenly enlightened.
"Nobody cares" means that no one asks about the price or situation. Tianjin, ferry.
[happy] describes happiness and satisfaction.
"Xanadu" refers to a utopian beautiful world divorced from reality.
Understanding inquiry
(1) original sentence answer:
1. The sentence describing the beauty of the peach blossom forest is: the grass is fragrant and the English is colorful.
2. The sentence describing the social environment of Taohuayuan is: the traffic on each floor, chickens and dogs hear each other.
3. The sentences describing the hospitality of Taohuayuan people are as follows: invite them to their homes and put wine to kill chickens for food; When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire. The others went home, eating and drinking.
4. The sentence expressing the beautiful natural environment of Taohuayuan: The land is flat and spacious, and the houses are like dreams, with fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry and bamboo. The traffic in the building is so busy that chickens and dogs hear each other.
5. Sentences that express people's comfortable life: farming; The yellow hair hangs low and enjoys itself.
6. The expression of the fisherman's overall feeling: suddenly enlightened.
7. The sentence that explains why Taohuayuan people come to Taohuayuan: ancestors avoid Qin, which is chaotic.
8. Sentence indicating fisherman's treachery: It can be said that it is easy to be too defensive.
(2) Summarize the answer in your own words:
1. What is the role of the first paragraph in describing the peach blossom forest?
Rendered a mysterious and beautiful atmosphere, suggesting that there will be a fairyland, paving the way for writing the beauty of the Peach Blossom Garden.
2. What kind of mood does the word "suddenly" in "Suddenly Encountering Peach Blossom Forest" show the fisherman?
This happened by accident, unexpectedly.
3. What kind of psychology does the word "poor" in Want to Be Poor in the Forest show the fisherman?
Because it is "very different", I want to find out.
4. What does "suddenly enlightened" take care of?
Only by being narrow at first can we understand people.
5. Why are the villagers "surprised to see the fisherman"?
The villagers were surprised at the appearance of strangers, which showed that Taohuayuan had been isolated from the world for a long time.
6. "The ancestors avoided the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led their wives to this desperate situation" explains what the social environment of the ancestors was like?
Social unrest, frequent wars and people's poverty.
7. What is the natural environment, social environment, people's living conditions and mental state of Taohuayuan?
Natural environment: beautiful and rich; ② Social environment: stability and peace; 3 living conditions: live and work in peace and contentment; 4 mental state: freedom and happiness.
8. "This man heard everything", from which we can infer what the fisherman said to the people in the Peach Blossom Garden.
Outside the Peach Blossom Garden, dynasties change, social unrest, and people's lives are miserable.
9. Why do people in the Peach Blossom Garden sigh? Why didn't the author write out what the fisherman said one by one?
It's a pity that times have changed, the society outside the Peach Blossom Garden is dark and turbulent, and people's lives are miserable.
This article is mainly about the beauty of the Peach Blossom Garden, not the war in the outside world; In addition, things outside the Peach Blossom Garden are well known to the world, and there is no need to write them out one by one.
10. What is the reason why Taohuayuan people "don't come back"?
Generations have suffered from war, and people in the Peach Blossom Garden don't want to return to the dark society and live a miserable life.
1 1. Why do villagers say that "others are not humane enough"?
Be wary of fishermen, for fear that outsiders will destroy their calm and stable life when they know about it.
12. Why did the author write "If you look for what you want, you will never find the way"?
It shows that Peach Blossom Garden is an unreal world that seems real, but actually does not exist. Also expressed the author's regret.
13. Why did the author write that Liu Ziji's search for the Peach Blossom Garden was "unsuccessful"?
It shows that the Peach Blossom Garden is just out of reach, adding a strange color to the Peach Blossom Garden. It also shows that the Peach Blossom Garden does not exist in real life. It implies the author's helplessness in changing social reality.
14. What are the characteristics of the Peach Blossom Garden written by the author? What kind of life does the author pursue? )
Beautiful environment, people's stability and happiness, simple folk customs; There is no class, no exploitation, no oppression, no war, and everyone is self-reliant and lives and works in peace.
15. Why does the author make up a beautiful world that is opposite to reality?
Entrust their own political ideals and reflect the wishes of the broad masses of people; Yearning for a better life and criticizing the dark society.
16. Write the overall idea of the article.
(Fisherman) Discover, visit and leave Taoyuan.
Migration and expansion
1. What is an idiom similar to the artistic conception of "the mountains are heavy and the waters are heavy, but there is no road to doubt, and the willow trees are bright and the village is bright"?
Suddenly enlightened.
2. What do you think of the ideal society written by Tao Yuanming?
The sharp contrast with the dark society at that time was a spiritual sustenance of the author's dissatisfaction with the reality at that time, a criticism of the dark society at that time, and objectively reflected the wishes of the broad masses of the people, which had certain positive significance; However, it has traces of primitive farming and a certain tendency of retro, which can only be a fantasy in class society and cannot be realized.
3. What kind of person is the fisherman? What's the use of writing about fishermen?
Fishermen are treacherous and fail to keep their promises.
On the one hand, compared with the simple hospitality of people in Taohuayuan, it deepens people's understanding of the society outside Taohuayuan and highlights that Taohuayuan is an ideal society; On the other hand, this paper takes the whereabouts of the fisherman in and out of the Peach Blossom Garden as a clue, and writing about the fisherman is the need of organizing materials.
4. Make a short comment on the second paragraph.
This passage is a combination of prose and prose poetry, catchy, three sentences and four sentences coherent and smooth, refined and artistic. "Yellow Hair Hanging Eyes" also uses metonymy rhetoric to enhance language expression.
From the beginning, it is extremely narrow, and only people can pass. What life truths or inspirations can you think of?
Answer around "On the road of life, you must go through some hardships to make a difference".
6. In what ways did the author describe the second paragraph? Please write two words of appreciation at the beginning of "Peach Blossom Garden is beautiful ...".
The beauty of Peach Blossom Garden is the beauty in the natural environment, and the beauty of Peach Blossom Garden is the quietness in social life.
7. What do you think of the behavior of Taohuayuan people who take refuge in Taohuayuan and never return?
Taohuayuan people were very lucky at that time, able to avoid disasters and live a stable life; But in a positive sense, avoidance is not forever, and we should rise up and fight. (only talk about your own ideas)
8. Everyone has his own ideal kingdom. What is your ideal kingdom? Describe it in vivid language.
(Answer by yourself)
Ailian said.
basic knowledge
Common sense of literature
This article is selected from Joo Won's public collection. Author Zhou Dunyi, Zi Maoshu, philosopher of Northern Song Dynasty. Yuan Gong is posthumous title of Zhou Dunyi.
Classical Chinese vocabulary
Traditional vocabulary
There are many (fán). Unique. On a grand scale. Give it to me. It's contaminated. Zhuo washing. Clear water has microwaves, which means clear water here. Demons are beautiful but not dignified. Plants. Play (xiè). Wretched, closed, not solemn. Say that. Hermit. A man of noble character. Very few. One English. Numerous.
Flexible use of parts of speech
Cluttered branches. Branches and details. Elegant appearance.
Reading inquiry
1. In the first paragraph, from what aspects did the author write the lovely image of lotus and give it beautiful quality? What kind of emotion does the author want to express?
From environmental habits, body odor, lofty temperament and so on. Express the author's sentiment of not seeking fame and fortune, being honest and clean, and not colluding with the secular.
2. Who is the word "Dao" in "Fresh News after Dao"? Which word is the antonym of "fresh" in the text?
Refers to Tao Yuanming. The antonym of "fresh" in this article is: numerous (exotic).
Judging from the author's praise of Lian, what kind of character should such a gentleman have?
Despise the worldly wind of greed for money, fame and profit, lead an honest and clean life, and maintain loyalty, integrity and noble character.
6. What attitude does the word "independence" in "Love Lotus Alone" show to the author?
Independent and never go with the flow.
7. What characteristics does "you can look at it from a distance but don't underestimate yourself" show?
Solemn and elegant (lofty).
8. What is the author's intention to compare lotus with peony?
Criticize the secular style of coveting fame and fortune and pursuing wealth, and show your own character of leading an honest and clean life.
9. The author doesn't want to live in seclusion or covet wealth. What does he pursue?
In a dirty world, unswervingly maintain your integrity.
10. Based on his own situation, the author showed his attitude of leading an honest and clean life, and gently criticized the trend of following the trend and pursuing wealth in the world.
What is the symbolic meaning of lotus in the text?
A gentleman who does not pursue fame and fortune, lives a clean and honest life in a dirty environment and maintains a noble character of loyalty and integrity.
12. The author wrote about Lian's attitude towards life, Ju's attitude towards seclusion, and Peony's attitude towards life that despises fame and fortune.
13. What kind of thoughts and feelings does "Lotus Love, Who Will Give" express?
Sighing that there are too few noble people implies that there are too many people who pursue fame and gain and go with the flow.
14. How to understand the sigh of the author at the end of the article?
Show your attitude towards life: He doesn't avoid the world passively like Tao Yuanming, and he doesn't pursue fame and fortune like other people. He wants to be independent in a dirty world and always keep his innocent integrity and integrity.
15. Answer with the original sentence.
1) What does the lotus symbolize?
Good character of a gentleman.
2) The famous sentence in the article means that a gentleman is neither in cahoots with the secular world, but also ups and downs with the secular world, solemn and simple, neither arrogant nor impetuous, nor grandstanding (or showing the nobleness of the lotus, summarizing the noble character and loyal conduct of not seeking fame and fortune, being honest and clean), that is, he emerges from the mud without being stained, and is clear without being demon.
3) A sentence that highly summarizes the noble quality of lotus is: Lotus is a gentleman of flowers.
4) Metaphorically, a gentleman is sensible and upright (or maverick, upright and generous), so the long-standing sentence is: straight through the outside, straight without branches, fragrant and far-reaching.
5) Metaphorically, a gentleman is honest and clean, but he behaves solemnly. A word that makes people respect but dare not despise is: graceful and pure, but it is not ridiculous from a distance.
6) "The world loves peonies very much", because peonies are: peonies, flowers are also numerous; The root cause of "loving lotus alone" is that lotus is a gentleman of flowers.
16. Please find a parallel sentence in the text.
If you don't touch the mud, you won't be evil.
17. There are two kinds of foil: positive foil and negative foil. In this paper, chrysanthemum and peony are used to set off the lotus, in which chrysanthemum belongs to the front lining and peony belongs to the back lining.
Migration and expansion
1. Come to think of it, "chrysanthemum love" can have two meanings: ① to be a hermit; (2) maintain an independent personality like Tao Yuanming. Which statement do you agree with? Talk about opinions. Self-defense is ok. )
It makes sense to agree on both. The author means: it is certainly gratifying for people who avoid the world to avoid the dust of the world; However, those who join the WTO will have a higher realm of "getting out of the mud without being stained".
2. Lu Xun has a poem: "Sweep away the fat powder, showing the strength of character, but fade the red makeup. Just call Lianxi Jingzhi, and English will fall into the cold pond with the residual leaves. " What flower is this poem praising?
Lotus.
What kind of flowers do you like is the expression of people's interest. What kind of flowers do you like? Explain the reasons for love (including compound sentence).
Plum blossoms are facing the wind and snow. "Cold ling is driving alone." Everyone praises the proud snow, and the cold flowers bloom in the world. )
Dandelion flowers are small, but they are everywhere and have strong vitality. Small flowers can make people happy, and thin leaves can cure diseases. )
Chrysanthemum blooms alone when it blooms, never drifting with the tide, regardless of the cold and unyielding. Flowers appear when they fade, and they also smell when they bloom. )
4. Mencius thought: "It is black when you are near Zhu Zhechi, and it is black when you are near Mexico", which is contrary to Zhou Dunyi's view that "mud is not stained, ripples are not evil". What kind of views do you agree with? Tell me your opinion.
Answer 1: I agree with Mencius. People's thoughts are influenced by the environment, which is the truth of "Meng Mu chooses his neighbor to live".
Answer 2: I agree with Zhou Dunyi. As long as people keep loyal behavior and live an honest and clean life, they will not be affected even in a dirty environment. Such as Lin Daojing in Song of Youth.
the Three Gorges
elementary knowledge
Common sense of literature
The Three Gorges is selected from Water Classic Notes. The Three Gorges, Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge are collectively located between Fengjie in Chongqing and Yichang in Hubei in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Author Li Daoyuan (466 or 472-527), with a good word, Fan Yang (now Hebei Province) was born in Zhuoxian County and a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Eager to know about the Expo, pay attention to geographical phenomena such as waterways, and write notes on water classics. It's called Notes on Water Classics, but in fact, it takes Water Classics as the key link and records more than 1000 rivers and related historical sites, stories, myths and legends in detail. It is the most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive geographical work in ancient China. The book also records a large number of stone tablet ink and fishing songs and folk songs, with gorgeous words and beautiful language, which has high literary value.
Classical Chinese vocabulary
Common words
[que] pass "lack", vacancy.
polysemy
【 Absolutely 】 ① Stop 【 Break 】 along the back; (2) stop for a long time [stop]; Disappear]
Flexible use of parts of speech
① Riding against the wind [galloping horse] ② Qingchi [rapids] ③ Clear reflection [clear waves].
Common phrases
[Slightly] Nothing. A little, almost. [self-denial] If not. Since, if. [Pavilion noon] Noon, noon. Pavilion, just. [midnight] midnight. [Glory] is thriving. High and steep. A lot. Very good, very. [Genus (ZH incarnation) citation] is continuous. Genus, continuous. Lead, extend.
in other words
A mountain towering and steep as a barrier. [Sunrise (xρ)] Sunlight. This refers to the sun. [fragrance]
Let's go Down the river. [post (Si)] upstream. [or] sometimes. [Announce] communicate. Even if. Drive, ride a bike. Be quick [ill] White. Turn around. [y?n)] A steep cliff or peak. [Shu)] washing. Good morning. Silence. [sad] sad. [turn (Zhu m m m: n)] diplomatically. Get wet. (3) represents an estimated value.
Understanding inquiry
Overall grasp
"Three Gorges" depicts the magnificent, steep and beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges with concise and vivid pen and ink, which inspires people's feelings of loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.
The author describes the scenery by grasping its characteristics. Write mountains, highlighting the characteristics of continuity and covering the sky. Writing water depicts different scenes in different seasons.
The author used a lot of stippling to write the scenery, just 150 words, and got the whole picture of the Three Gorges in 700 miles. Write the scenery of spring and summer, with "plain", "green", "clear" and "shadow" characters; Write the autumn scenery, and vividly show the charm of the scenery with "cold", "sad" and "sad" characters.
The article describes mountains first, then water, with natural layout and clear thinking. Write about the four seasons of moisture. In the rhythm of the article, it is also a combination of static and dynamic, swaying. Towering peaks, surging rivers, clear waters, flying waterfalls, sad ape songs and sad fishing songs constitute a natural and harmonious picture with different styles, which left a deep impression on readers.
Structural outline
Overall characteristics: the mountains are connected and the middle is narrow. (focus on mountains: continuous, covering the sky. )
Features: (1) In summer, the water level rises rapidly and traffic is cut off. (2) Spring and winter: the pool recedes and the scenery is beautiful. (3) Autumn: The water is dry and cold, and the apes are bleak. (focus on water: the four seasons are different and the scenery is different. )
Problem inquiry
From what aspects does the author describe the natural landscape of the Three Gorges?
The article writes about mountains first, and then about water. Write mountains, highlighting the characteristics of continuity and covering the sky; Writing water depicts different scenes in different seasons.
What are the characteristics of the first section of the Three Gorges?
(1) The gorge is long (700 miles) and the ridge is connected (even the mountain is connected, and there is nowhere). (3) The mountain is high and the gorge is narrow. Midnight from the pavilion to see the sunset)
What are the characteristics of the first section of the Three Gorges Mountain?
The mountains are high and the shore is dangerous (or continuous, covering the sky).
What are the characteristics of the Three Gorges under the specific environment of "flying from the pavilion but not rising at midnight"?
The connection of mountains, the height of mountains, the narrowness of mountains.
In the first paragraph, what kind of writing does the author use to express the characteristics of the Three Gorges?
Combination of front description and side description.
What are the characteristics of the water in the Three Gorges in summer?
(1) The water rises (Xiangling, along the back, blocked) (2) The current is urgent (Baidicheng is in the morning, Jiangling is in the evening, although it is not ill to ride the wind)
What is the function of writing "Worship Baidi and go to Jiangling at dusk"? What is the spelling? Which poem of Li Bai came to your mind from this?
Function: Set off the high tide in summer, and highlight the confrontation and narrowness of the Three Gorges Jiajiang River. Writing: introduction and description. Think of Li Bai's "The Beginning of Baidicheng".
In the third paragraph, the author describes the typical scenery of the Three Gorges. What are the seasonal characteristics of the Three Gorges?
Grab clear water, strange trees and waterfalls to write. It shows the beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges in spring and summer.
What are the four words that sum up the scenery in spring and summer?
Rong Qing Junmao.
Where is "fun"?
Green pool water and clear reflection. There are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls flying in them.
What season is written in the fourth paragraph From which angle does the author write about landscapes? What are the characteristics of the scenery?
Autumn. Listening comprehension. Showing the characteristics of quietness, loneliness and sadness.
What is the function of "fishing songs"?
It shows that the ape sound is bleak and sad, and the bleak and cold atmosphere of autumn is rendered from the side. This also means sympathy for the working people.
Why did the author write Xia Shui first? Why write mountains first, then water?
The author makes a note for rivers, focusing on water, which is abundant in summer, so he writes "summer water" first. To write about the water potential, write about the mountain potential first, which can not only reveal the reasons for the water shortage, but also make the rapids and mountains set each other off and form a steep and magnificent picture.
Summarize the beauty of the Three Gorges scenery in summer, spring, winter and autumn.
① unrestrained beauty; ② Beautiful beauty; 3 sadness and beauty.
What is the relationship between the first paragraph and the last three paragraphs?
Total score relation
What are the characteristics and functions of this article in language use? Analysis of trial work.
In this paper, four-sentence style and scattered sentences are used to make the article read with a sense of rhythm. The language is concise, expressive and full of life.
Wu gorge is mentioned in the article. What are the other two canyons?
Qutang gorge and Xiling gorge.
Night tour of Chengtian Temple
basic knowledge
Common sense of literature
Night Tour in Chengtian Temple is selected from Dongpo Zhi Lin. Written during the author's relegation to Huangzhou. The author is Su Shi, Zi Zizhan,no. Dongpo layman, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Classical Chinese vocabulary
[Solution] Take out, take off,. An expression of joy. [Reading] Think and think. [Therefore] Then, just. [Sleep] Sleep. * * * with, together. Courtyard [atrium] [empty] describes the clarity of water. [Cross] Interlace. [Cover] Originally (yes). [But] just. People who have nothing to do. It's just [ears]
Understanding inquiry
Overall grasp
This essay creates a quiet artistic realm by writing "Moon", and conveys the author's complex and delicate state of mind by writing "Leisure". The combination of "moon" and "leisure" is profound and subtle, exquisite and vivid.
Structural outline
Want to sleep-(enter the moon)-set out-(read)-find friends-stroll-express feelings (less leisure)
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Excitement and joy have turned into worry, loneliness and relief, and joy is indescribable.
Problem inquiry
1. What's the feeling of "moonlight at home"?
In anthropomorphic terms, the moon seems to understand the author's loneliness and boredom, and quietly enters the door to accompany him.
2. How does "Set out happily" show the author's mood?
Rare joy and excitement in lonely and cold nights.
Try to figure out the author's mood from "those who have nothing but happiness".
The author may think: who can accompany the moon to live up to such a beautiful night? Who can accompany me to enjoy the moon in this lonely exile? Show a sad and lonely mood.
4. What is the sentence indicating the result of "reading"?
So I only went to Chengtian Temple to find Zhang Huaimin.
5. Why "look for Zhang Huaimin" without thinking?
We are both relegated people and bosom friends.
6. The author "took off his clothes and wanted to sleep, and set off happily" and "the pregnant person didn't sleep". What can we learn from it?
The two of them are connected.
7. What is the metaphor of "the water is clear and the algae is crossing"? What are the characteristics of the scenery?
"Water is empty and bright" is a metaphor for moonlight. It shows the bright and transparent moonlight.
"The intersection of algae and grass" is a metaphor for the shadow of the moon. It shows the mottled and swaying shadow of the moon. It also shows the beauty and elegance of the reflection of bamboo and cypress.
The whole sentence renders a beautiful realm of emptiness, swaying shadows and truth.
8. What scenes are described in this article? What's the purpose?
Virtual scene: clear water, plants in water; Real scene: the shadow of bamboo and cypress. Set off the quiet elegance of the courtyard under the moon and the quiet leisure of the moon watchers.
9. What is the author's mood in the landscape?
Quiet, comfortable and happy.
10. Imagine the author's feelings with Zhang Huaimin.
Leisurely and carefree.
1 1. "Where is the moon? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? But few idle people express the author's subtle and complicated feelings like my ears. (What kind of feelings are expressed by "idle people" at the end of the article? How to understand the meaning of "idle people"? )
The sadness of relegation, the feeling of life, the joy of enjoying the moon, the leisure of walking and the broad-mindedness of seeking are all unspeakable feelings.
12. Finally, it's a pity that no one enjoys the moon. What does this mean?
Most people in the world are keen on fame and fortune, and are tired of worldly affairs.
13. The text closely follows the word "leisure" to organize the article. Idle people is the crowning touch. Where is "leisure"? (Quote the sentences in the text to answer)
"Take off your clothes and want to sleep", and when you see "moonlight coming into the house", you "set off happily"; And "walking in the atrium, with people in my heart", even "Zhu Baiying" is carefully watched. All these show that they are "idle people".
Extension extension
1. Create a couplet according to this article.
Example: Moonlight understands people's hearts and dives into the house, and people * * * send sorrow.
2. What did the author think at that time? What inspiration can you get from it?
Su Shi was demoted and depressed. But he is still enterprising, and visiting the temple on a moonlit night is a concrete action to relieve depression. The soul damaged in the political whirlpool can only be recovered in the cool moonlight night and seek spiritual sustenance from the beautiful scenery of nature. The author is not addicted to the abyss of feelings, but seeking liberation, which makes this essay look chic and elegant.
This article enlightens us that when we encounter setbacks in life, we should not be blindly depressed, but adjust ourselves with a good attitude and establish an enterprising heart in order to usher in the dawn of hope and embark on a bright future.
Admit China's book
basic knowledge
Common sense of literature
This article is selected from Ancient and Modern Three Generations, Qin and Han Dynasties, Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties? Complete Liang Wen. Tao Hongjing (456-536), with bright characters, lived in Huayang in seclusion and was born in Danyang Mausoleum (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). There is Tao Hermit Collection.
Classical Chinese vocabulary
* * * together. Talk about it and appreciate it. Hand in hand. Four seasons. Rest dissipates. Fall down. Fish under water. Scale, instead of fish. Jump and jump. Competition, competition. Want to point to the world. Xiandu refers to fairyland. Say it again. To participate means to appreciate.
Understanding inquiry
Overall grasp
The article begins with emotion, hoping to make a comparison with forest history through the ages.
In the next ten sentences, the author will describe the beautiful mountains and rivers in detail. Up and down, far and wide perspective, dynamic and static combination, so that readers have a complete and unified impression of mountains and rivers.
Finally, the article is full of emotion and lofty sentiments, and the meaning of being equal to Xie Gong is beyond words.
This paper describes the scenery, grasps the soul of the scenery, that is, the vitality of all things in nature, and conveys the joy of life integrated with nature through the changes of height, distance, movement and the three-dimensional sense of vision and hearing, which embodies the author's enthusiasm for nature and interest in nymphs' seclusion. Clear pronunciation and mellow voice, without modification.
Problem inquiry
1. What are the characteristics of the scenery described by the author? What are the advantages of writing like this?
Observation angle: from top to bottom; Landscape image: from obvious to subtle; Scene state: from static to dynamic; Time account: from morning till night. Make the scenery of mountains and rivers harmonious, complete and unified.
2. What is the author's feeling about the beauty of mountains and rivers, from ancient times?
There is an elegant sense of pride, and I look forward to standing shoulder to shoulder with Gao Quan.
3. What is the antithesis sentence about the triple scenery of white clouds, mountains and flowing water from two angles?
"The peak enters the cloud, and the clear stream bottoms out."
4. What is the antithesis sentence that pays attention to color matching, shows the beauty of a year and presents a splendid scene of weather?
The stone walls on both sides are colorful and set each other off. There are green forests and bamboos in all seasons.
5. What is the antithesis sentence that combines hearing and vision, moves from static to dynamic, shows the beauty of a day and conveys the breath of life?
When the mist in the morning is about to dissipate, the songs of apes and birds come; As the sun sets, the fish in the water scramble to jump out of the water.
6. "It is really the fairy capital of the world of desire. Since recreation, there is nothing strange. " What thoughts and feelings did the author express?
It expresses the author's pride in being intoxicated with the pleasure of mountains and rivers and enjoying the beautiful scenery with friends from ancient and modern times. The significance of being equal to Xie Gong is beyond words.
7. What is the sentence that best reflects the author's thoughts and feelings?
It's really the fairy capital of the world of desire, and since it's entertaining itself, it's nothing strange.
8. Analysis "Fog will break, apes and birds will sing; At night, I will be embarrassed and sink the scale. " Add some words to express the function.
"Rest" and "rot" personify people, endow things with human feelings and behaviors, have processes, stimulate people's imagination and are full of life. The word "scale" is metonymy, which avoids vulgarity, increases the expressive force of language and has a strong literary color.
9. This article is very beautiful. Try to analyze where the beauty lies.
(1) Beautiful artistic conception. Beautiful scenery, combined with feelings, forms a beautiful artistic conception. The beauty of mountains and rivers. ② The beauty of color matching. ③ The beauty of change in the morning and evening. ④ The beauty of dynamic and static contrast.
(2) Beautiful structure. The full text is divided into three parts. "The beauty of mountains and rivers has existed since ancient times" always leads the full text, and points out the center of the full text with "beauty". The middle part describes the beauty of mountains and rivers in detail. Finally, summarize the previous article with exclamation, echo from beginning to end, and combine discussion with narration to make the main body of the article more prominent. The landscape part of the article is divided into "Xiao" and "Lai", which are orderly.
(3) Beautiful language. Concise and to the point, with four symmetrical long sentences; Modifiers indicate the state of color, sound and action. Like a torrent, it pours into the sea.