Yongjia Literature
After the Rebellion of the Eight Kings of the Western Jin Dynasty, the country declined, the social atmosphere became increasingly sinister, and metaphysics became prevalent, which reflected the emergence of metaphysical poetry in the literary world, as stated in "Shi Pin" Said, "Poems are all plain and classic, like moral theory", "If you ignore the words, they will be bland and tasteless"; "Wen Xin Diao Long? Chronology" said: "Poems must return to the purpose under the pillars, and Fu is the meaning of Qiyuan" , that is, using the form of poetry to elucidate the thoughts of Lao and Zhuang, with little realistic content and images, and is almost a pure philosophical poem. From Yongjia to the fall of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Xuanyan poetry dominated the poetry world for more than a hundred years. It is worth noting that Xuanyan poetry contains the sprouts of landscape and pastoral poetry. Representative writers Sun Chuo, Xu Xun, etc.
In the prevailing trend of Xuanyan poetry, the one who can "change and create its style" and achieve certain achievements is Guo Pu's "Xianyou Poems", textbook 272.
The so-called immortal poems are poems with the theme of seeking immortality. The famous poem "Wandering Immortals" began with Cao Zhi, but the theme of "Wandering Immortals" can be traced back to the Warring States Period. The two sentences "Travel far away" are the main theme of this type of poem. Fourteen of Guo Pu's "Poems on Traveling to Immortals" are extant (the number of Liu Kun's extant poems is disputed). The content mainly expresses contempt for secular life and praises hermit life. It expresses "the sorrow of life" by singing to immortals, so Zhong Rong's "Poetry" said that it "is just a sentimental song, not the interest of immortals." However, there is indeed a negative thought of escaping reality in his works.