First, the teaching objectives
1, establish a correct view of love
2. Understand the characteristics of misty poetry.
3. Grasp the symbolic meaning of the image tree.
Second, the focus of teaching
1, establish a correct view of love
2. Grasp the symbolic meaning of the image tree.
Third, teaching hours: two hours.
Fourth, the teaching process
first kind
I. Introduction
In the first few classes, we studied some excellent poems such as Spring and Snow in the Garden by * * and Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo, and appreciated the lofty sentiments of great men and the sadness of Xu Zhimo. Today, let's look at another most beautiful feeling in life-love.
Today we invited a guest to discuss this mysterious feeling with us. She is Shu Ting, a very excellent poetess in China. Let's see what kind of love declaration we will hear from this extraordinary woman today.
Second, the author introduces.
Shu Ting, formerly known as Gong.
Born on June 6th, 1952, Fujian, a contemporary poetess.
The poem was published in 197 1.
Now he is the director of Fujian Branch of Chinese Writers Association.
Her main works include "Mast Boat" poetry collection (second prize of the first session of Chinese Writers Association, 1979- 1982 National Excellent New Poetry), and her "Motherland, My Dear Motherland" won the National Excellent Poetry Award 1979- 1980.
Shu Ting's poems are novel and expressive. Exquisite language and distinctive personal style.
She is a representative figure of China's contemporary obscure poems.
Third, the introduction of misty poetry:
Obscure poetry came into being in the late 1970s and early 1980s, emphasizing the poet's self-awareness.
The content is implicit and meaningful, and the form is virtual and real. It often creates a hazy artistic image or artistic conception by means of symbols and metaphors, arouses people's curiosity and imagination, and enables people to enjoy special aesthetics.
Representative poets include Shu Ting, Bei Dao and Gu Cheng.
To the Oak is a beautiful and profound lyric poem by Shu Ting, which can be said to be a masterpiece of misty poetry.
The love it expresses is not only pure and hot, but also noble and great.
It is like an old and fresh song, which touches people's heartstrings.
Fourth, poetry appreciation.
1. Before learning poetry, please discuss "What is love?"
Past love quotations:
Isakovski, the former Soviet Union: Love is not that one heart hits another, but that two hearts collide with each other.
Ryurikov, former Soviet Union: Love can bring both light and darkness, which makes people feel excited and depressed;
British Shakespeare: Love is sweet pain.
Sincere love is never plain sailing;
Fa André Maurois: Great love can make the most mediocre people sharp, brave in dedication and full of confidence;
France Moliere: Love is a great teacher who teaches us to turn over a new leaf;
Former Soviet Union Liu Rykov: Happy love can make one day equal to one year, and one year equal to eternal life.
Love can make people become gods and live forever.
So, what is love? Let's listen to what Shu Ting said first.
2. The whole class read through the full text to get a preliminary understanding of the poet's view of love expressed in his poems.
Students discuss and communicate, and reach a * * * understanding. Teachers and students agree that:
It denies three secular views of love: one is persistent, the other is infatuated and the other is devoted.
The word "never learn" shows the author's distinct attitude.
It is pointed out that love must be independent, equal, interdependent and helpful, respect each other's existence and cherish their own value.
3. Throughout the poem, we can find that Shu Ting's To the Elephant Tree is divided into two sections. Please divide the students into two layers.
Clear: Level 1: From the beginning to "No, these are not enough"
Second floor: "I must be a kapok beside you" to the end.
Reason for division: Level 1: The poet declared that he didn't want to be a male minister.
Emotionally, the first level is rising tone.
The poet directly listed six negatives in six concrete sentences, and the passionate and strong feelings were overwhelming, as if to spit out the resentment accumulated in women's hearts for thousands of years.
It's resistance, it's freedom, it's struggle. The poet manifested himself as a brave soldier.
The melody of this part is high-spirited, exciting and exciting.
The second floor: The poet has established his own view of love, which is the gentle expression of the poet's feelings. The poet expressed his inner dream with the warmth, sincerity and delicacy of women, like a stream and kapok swaying in the breeze.
4. Let the boys read aloud from the first floor of the poem, and let other students experience the poet's negative view of love on the first floor of the poem while listening.
The conclusion is clear: the author denies three traditional views on love:
The first is the climbing Campbell flower.
Satisfy your vanity (show off yourself), pursue noble status, and climb up regardless of your personal dignity. What kind of love is this? This is a kind of persistent love.
Secondly, spoony birds, birds that repeat monotonous songs for the shade.
Because this kind of bird has a one-sided infatuation, it only knows to sing for each other, but forgets to sing for itself with its own voice.
She didn't realize the value of her existence, and she didn't know that "I am my own" while falling in love. She only knew that she was attached to the shadow of the oak tree, but she didn't want to fly out of the shelter of the oak tree and fly to her free sky.
Therefore, this is a kind of love that only knows attachment.
Third, spring, dangerous peaks, sunshine and spring rain.
Most of these things belong to the objects of praise in other literary works. Although the poet did not completely deny the first two things here, he also expressed his disapproval.
Because they devote themselves to the vigorous growth of oak trees without regrets, but forget to give themselves an independent world and the opportunity to create their own value. This spirit of self-sacrifice is commendable, but it is inevitably regrettable.
Therefore, this is a kind of "dedication" love.
Summary: All the above three are traditional "secular love", which is based on sacrificing one side.
The traditional view of love shows that the combination of two lovers is not an equal combination of human feelings and values, but often a combination of power and economic potential; The two sides of the combination are often dominant and subordinate, ruling and ruled, losing the essence of love.
The author holds a negative and refuting attitude.
In the author's view, love is neither a unilateral attachment nor a unilateral infatuation. Even sincere dedication is not enough.
So, what is the author's yearning view of love?
5. Let the girls read aloud from the second floor of the poem, and let other students experience the poet's yearning and advocating love view on the second floor of the poem while listening.
Teachers and students discuss "what kind of relationship, what kind of image and connotation should lovers maintain", and seek and reach an understanding of * * *:
"I must be a kapok beside you,
Standing with you as the image of a tree.
"Root, grasp the ground.
Leaves, touching in the clouds. "
-Both parties must be equal and independent;
"Every gust of wind.
We all greet each other,
But no one understood us. "
-the two sides should have a tacit understanding, know well, know well, be closely linked, and become close friends with each other.
Image and connotation of both parties:
"You have your copper iron stem.
Like a knife, like a sword,
Like a halberd; "
The symbol of man-stalwart, unyielding, sharp-edged and masculine;
"I have my red flowers.
Like a heavy sigh,
Like a heroic torch. "
The symbol of women-healthy and lively, beautiful and moving, deep and broad, tenacious and unyielding, with flexible temperament.
"We share cold waves, storms and thunder.
We like mist, flowing mist and rainbow. "
-Both sides should make peace and share weal and woe.
"As if we were separated forever,
But they are lifelong dependent. "
On the premise of independence and equality, the two sides know each other and depend on each other, honor and disgrace and * * *.
"Love-
Not only love your strong body,
I also love your stand, the land under your feet. "
-this is great love, not only for your tall and straight figure, but also for your appearance, temperament and talent achievements; I love your firm belief and persistent pursuit in this life.
This is the author's longing for love, this is great love, and this is faithful love.
Summary:
Shu Ting's To Oak is not as straightforward as ordinary love poems. It uses fiery poems to express anxiety and yearning for love, or ardent pursuit and praise for the right person, or to express the bitterness and suffering caused by frustration in love.
It jumped out of the general love mode, got rid of the madness in love, the lover in love observed love as an outsider, and made a rational inquiry and judgment on the nature of love.
Both men and women in the ideal love in the poem should love each other, and the passionate love of women should be positively responded by men; It should not be a woman's wishful thinking, just like a bird to an oak tree; Nor should it be a woman's one-way selfless dedication to men, while men just feel at ease and enjoy it indifferently, such as mountain springs, dangerous peaks, sunshine and spring rain to oak trees.
Men and women in ideal love should stand side by side like oak trees and kapok trees, with their roots locked and their leaves touching, and greet each other in the wind to convey and repay each other's love, so as to combine with strong love and make them live together for a long time. This is great love, and the love based on this cornerstone is fresh and complete.
With her sensitivity, sobriety and profundity, Shu Ting expressed a mature intellectual woman's yearning for ideal love, and shouted out women's yearning and pursuit for independent personality, sound mind and equality between men and women.
Second lesson
Clue:
Last class, we learned Shu Ting's To the Oak, and analyzed this poem on the basis of dividing it into two sections. Today, we will continue to understand this poem on the basis of last class.
(Continue the last lesson)
6. From our discussion of poetry just now, we can see that the poet's view of love has a strong modern humanity. These views may not be new to us at all now, but if we contact the background of the author's writing, we will find that it is not that simple. The poet is an underdeveloped country and writes about an unwritten country.
This poem was written on March 27th, 1977 and published in the 4th issue of Poetry Journal.
More than 20 years ago, the ten-year catastrophe just ended in China, and people's ideological barriers have not been completely removed.
In the decade of the Cultural Revolution, human nature was despised and human dignity was trampled on.
Love, an essential spiritual phenomenon in human life, was degraded or even stifled in the ten years of turmoil.
The heroes and heroines described in many poems at that time had no other "desires" except revolutionary ideals and * * *, and the "bourgeois feelings" of "love" were incompatible with the identity of revolutionaries.
But even in the suffocating years, the poet extended his tentacles to all fields of human nature without fear, and made a detailed observation and experience of people's thoughts and feelings.
After breaking the discipline of thinking, the poet bravely showed his pursuit of a noble personality full of blood. In his poems, the author boldly describes his desire for love and all kinds of experiences and situations in his love life.
This poem embodies the author's ideal of pure, passionate and noble love.
This is the author's declaration of love, and it is the unremitting pursuit of love by a contemporary woman in China who has experienced the baptism of blood and fire.
This poem is not written in a narrow personal circle, but novel and unique, which brings a breeze to the love description in poetry in the new period.
In the long history of China, most women are tragedies.
Some of them are aware of the unfair treatment imposed on them by society, and they also try to resist and change the humiliation brought to them by this unfair fate, but they often end in a tragic ending.
Another part of them not only lost their rights as "human beings", but also belonged to the male society as accessories, and they didn't realize it themselves, which undoubtedly increased their own tragic color.
As a woman awakened in the new era, the poetess felt sad and heavy about it, so she sighed heavily.
Therefore, the author believes that women, especially the awakened women, should have such profound thoughts and rich emotions besides external beauty, which is also the embodiment of the mature beauty of women's inner beauty.
At the same time, this poem can also be understood as a declaration of women's independence; If the "love" in the poem is pushed from the love between men and women to the love between people, this poem can also be understood as that everyone should be an individual, equal and independent in personality, and people should help each other, cooperate with each other and rely on each other, and should establish good and harmonious interpersonal relationships.
In his poems, the poet called on women to strive for self-improvement, which made people realize the harmfulness of the idea that men are superior to women for thousands of years, thus carrying forward the democratic consciousness.
7. Understand the characteristics of this poem.
In artistic expression, the poem adopts the lyrical way of inner monologue, which is convenient for expressing the poet's inner world frankly and openly. At the same time, the image is constructed as a whole symbol (the whole poem correspondingly symbolizes the independent personality and sincere love of both lovers with the whole image of oak and kapok), which makes philosophical thoughts and ideas germinate and poetic in a kind of intimate and sensible image, so this poem with rational temperament makes people feel that there is no preaching.
The reason why poetry adopts the overall symbol is that the poet's intention does not necessarily limit the theme of the work to the vision of love.
From the image composition of oak and kapok, we can also reasonably extend the moral ideals of mutual sympathy, mutual understanding and mutual trust among people, and at the same time be equal and independent.
(1) Symbolic techniques and rhetorical methods of metaphor.
To the Oak Tree enthusiastically and frankly sang the poet's personality ideal. Oak and kapok stand side by side, facing each other affectionately in an independent manner, which can be said to be a group of symbolic images with brand-new character in China's love poems.
At the same time, in the poem, the poet also set up a series of symbolic images to express her love view, such as: dedicated flowers, spoony birds, fountains, dangerous peaks, sunshine, spring rain and so on. These all symbolize the secular view of love.
Throughout this poem, we can see that the poet mainly uses symbolic expressions, but also uses rhetorical devices such as metaphor, parallelism, duality, repetition and contrast.
So what role can symbols and metaphors play?
Symbolism is to express concepts, thoughts and feelings (symbolic meaning) related to it through a specific thing (symbolic thing), so as to visualize abstract rationality and make the meaning to be expressed more subtle and profound.
The use of symbols and metaphors can make the content to be expressed more vivid, implicit and meaningful (blackboard writing), which means growth.
These symbols and carriers are also called images in poetry.
The so-called "image" is the product of the fusion of subjective feelings and objective images.
"Image" refers to objective things (including scenery and events), and "meaning" refers to the poet's perception.
"Meaning" is the trigger point of "image", and "image" is the carrier of "meaning", and the two are integrated and rely on each other.
Many metaphors are used in this paper, that is to say, the images in this paper are not single, but multi-level and superimposed.
Climb Campbell flowers, spoony birds, fountains, dangerous peaks, sunshine, spring rain, copper branches and iron shafts, halberds, safflower, heavy sigh, heroic torches, cold waves, storms, thunder and lightning, mist, flowing haze, rainbow)
Question 1: There are many images symbolizing the feminine beauty of women, such as wicker, reed and water. For example, there is a song that says, "The teenagers in Alishan are as strong as mountains, and the girls in Alishan are as beautiful as water." From the traditional image, water seems to show the feminine beauty of women better. Why does the author only use kapok to symbolize women?
After discussion, the students came to a clear conclusion: although water can show women's femininity, it always gives people a sense of dependence and lack of independence; As the image of a tree, kapok stands with the oak tree, equal and independent, without losing the gentle beauty of women.
Question 2: Understand the image of "land" in the poem.
"Love-
Not only love your strong body,
I also love your stand, the land under your feet. "
Please discuss, what does the "land" here represent?
To sum up clearly, "land" is the true firmness of great love.
Poets use "land" to express their feelings, where we can have unlimited imagination and understanding of the land.
It is an uncertain image, not just the motherland and the cause. Compared with the external body, we can see that the land is the internal quality, the "root" and the place where the soul can hold hands.
So we can understand it this way: this is great love, loving you, not only your stalwart body, but also your appearance, temperament and talent achievements; I love your firm belief, persistent pursuit and touching beauty in the depths of your soul.
It can be seen that "land" can be understood as everything in the inner spiritual field, which can have love for the motherland, hometown, mother, career, and even love for one's own life pursuit.
From this, we understand the ideal love concept pursued by the poet, and in the interpretation of the beauty of these image features, we also fully interpret the emotional connotation and theme of this poem.
(2) Language features
The core of poetic language form.
This poem inherits the excellent tradition of China's classical poetry and uses a lot of neat and symmetrical language corresponding forms. 1-3, 4-6, 7, 8, 9, 10 is rigorous and broad.
"To the Oak" is vivid in language and contains rich emotions of the poet.
For example, the sentence pattern of the first poem changed from long to short, the tone changed from gentle to urgent, and the poet's emotional experience became stronger and stronger.
The poetess calmly thinks about the inequality between men and women for thousands of years, hoping to be independent and equal in love. This kind of emotion has been suppressed for thousands of years, and now it's like a volcano erupting, and when generate comes out, the emotion is surging, like the water of a great river, which is overwhelming, like the tide of Qiantang, and the waves are higher and higher, pushing to * * *. This is a declaration from the heart and a cry after reflection.
8. Preliminary understanding of misty poetry.
As one of the main leaders of "misty poetry" school, Shu Ting's poetry style is delicate and quiet, with strong sadness.
Now let's appreciate some obscure poems and appreciate their characteristics.
"A generation.
The night gave me black eyes/but I used them to find light "(slide).
Students discuss, teachers and students * * * together clearly:
This little poem with only two lines shocked the whole poetry world after the publication of the third issue of 1980 "Stars". No matter who has a positive or negative evaluation of misty poetry, it is unanimous praise.
With images and metaphors, the author highlights a pair of unusual "black eyes" (a symbol of the awakening of a generation) on a heavy black background. At present, it seems that a beam of white light can be seen from the gap of the dark clouds.
We can realize that in that suffocating era, the younger generation twisted and grew up in the absurd reality, and the potential buried in the bottom of their hearts showed generate's tenacious spirit of seeking.
"Alley
Alley/long and winding
I knocked on the thick wall with my key "(slide)
Students discuss, teachers and students * * * together clearly:
The poet chose three simple images to form a flowing picture with strong symbolic significance.
"I" am using my key to find my room, that is, to find my proper place in society.
But the "alley" is "curved and long" and the "wall" is "thick". To find it, you must pay a considerable price or walk a long way. However, "I" is firm, "I" is stubbornly knocking, but I have been knocking.
And "I" is not a person, but a whole generation of young people, including middle-aged and elderly people, because everyone in this world is not looking for it all his life!
"Far and near.
You/look back at me/look back at the clouds.
I think/when you look at me, it is far away/when you look at the cloud, it is close "(slide).
Students discuss, teachers and students * * * together clearly:
This is an illusion.
The poet realized a profound meaning in the illusion of harmony between man and nature (cloud symbolizes nature) and separation between man and man.
The author longs for a kind of mutual understanding, mutual trust and harmonious interpersonal relationship.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) course summary
Today, we learned Shu Ting's To the Oak, and understood her view of love. We also understood that love is not a narrow love for the other person's majestic body, appearance and talent, but also his ideal, his pursuit, life and motherland. This is true love.
At the same time, I have a preliminary understanding of some characteristics of misty poetry represented by Shu Ting, which is helpful for students to read and appreciate poetry in the future.
Distribution of intransitive verbs
1, recite the whole poem.
2. Complete a short essay "Read to Oak" with unlimited words.
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