"A Visitor"
Zhao Shixiu of the Song Dynasty
It rains in every house during the yellow plum season,
There are frogs everywhere in the grass pond.
I didn’t come over until midnight because I had an appointment.
I just knocked the chess pieces and let the lanterns fall.
Poetry Notes
①Invite guests: Invite guests to meet.
②Huangmei Season: During the fourth and fifth months of the lunar calendar, the plums in the south of the Yangtze River turn yellow and ripe, mostly when it rains continuously, so the "yellow plum season" is called the rainy season in the south of the Yangtze River.
③It rains in every house: It rains in every house. Describes a lot of rain, which occurs everywhere.
④Frogs everywhere: Frogs are jumping and croaking everywhere.
⑤ Make an appointment: Invite friends.
⑥Falling lamp flower: In the old days, oil lamps were used for lighting. The wick of the lamp burned out, and when it fell down it looked like a small shining flower.
About the author
Zhao Shixiu (1170-1219), a poet in the Song Dynasty, also known as Zizhi, Lingzhi, Lingxiu and Tianle, was a native of Yongjia (now Wenzhou, Zhejiang). Xu Zhao, Xu Ji and Weng Juan are collectively known as the "Four Spirits of Yongjia" and are known as "ghost talents". There are two volumes of "Zhao Shixiu Collection" and one volume of "Tianletang Collection", which have been lost. Only "Qingyuan Zhaiji" has been handed down.
Modern Translation of Ancient Poems
When the plums are yellow, every house is shrouded in mist and rain; far and near, the sound of frogs can be heard in the grass-covered ponds. The guests who had been invited did not come yet, and it passed midnight in a blink of an eye. I held the chess piece in my hand and gently tapped the table, waiting for the guests. I only saw the candle wick falling off after a while...
Poem Appreciation
The first two sentences explain the environment and season at that time. "Huangmei", "rain", "pond" and "frog" describe the scene of summer nights in the plum rain season in the south of the Yangtze River: the sound of rain is continuous and the sound of frogs is heard. Reading it makes people feel as if they are actually there, as if the drizzle is floating around them and the sound of frogs is croaking around them. This seems to be a "lively" environment, but in fact the poet wants to reflect its "silence".
The last two sentences highlight the characters and things. The master waited patiently and somewhat anxiously. He had nothing to do, so he "knocked" the chess pieces and looked at the flashing lights quietly. The third sentence "I have an appointment but I don't come until midnight". The word "I have an appointment" points out that the poet has "invited guests" to visit. "Midnight" shows that the waiting time is long. What he originally expected was the knock on the door. But all that was heard was the sound of rain and the sound of frogs, which in contrast showed the author's anxious mood. The fourth sentence "Idle knocking of chess pieces" is a detailed description. The poet's guest has not been waiting for a long time, and the wick is very long. When the poet was bored, he subconsciously tapped the black and white chess pieces on the chessboard, and the sound of knocking came again. It knocked down all the lanterns. This posture seems to be leisurely, but actually reflects the poet's inner anxiety.
By rendering the provocative environment and the detailed action of "playing chess pieces", the whole poem not only describes the scene of the poet waiting for the guests to visit on a rainy night, but also writes about the situation when the guests have not yet arrived. The feeling of melancholy can be described as both physical and spiritual. The whole poem has a strong flavor of life, and is free from the habit of carving. It is clear and beautiful and can be recited.
Innovative Study
What kind of artistic conception does the poem "Yo Ke" create, and what kind of mood does the poet express? Let's see - on a summer night in the south of the Yangtze River, the plum rain is falling and frogs are croaking. The poet invites friends to play chess. However, it is midnight and the guests have not arrived. The poet knocks the chess pieces and waits quietly... At this time, the poet How are you feeling? I think it is not mainly or not at all anxious or depressed, but more likely a relaxed, relaxed and comfortable state of mind. Maybe he was anxious for a while (how could this anxiety last until midnight?), but now, the poet was infected by the sentimental scene of the summer night in the south of the Yangtze River in front of him: the passionate plum rain, the cheerful wailing, the twinkling The bright lights, the crisp knocking sound of chess pieces... This is a picture that is both lively and deserted, solemn and elegant. Perhaps the poet has forgotten that he is waiting for a friend, and is completely immersed in the excitement and tranquility of his heart. He should be grateful to his friend for breaking the appointment and allowing the poet to enjoy such a wonderful sleepless night alone.
Classic test questions
1. In the appreciation of this Song poem, one inappropriate item is
A. The first two sentences describe the seasonal characteristics and The local atmosphere reveals the poet's feelings while waiting for his friends to visit.
B. The third sentence title uses "midnight" to indicate that the poet has been waiting for a long time, but the guest has not arrived, but he only hears the sound of rain and the sound of frogs.
C. The fourth sentence describes the detail of "playing chess pieces leisurely", vividly showing the poet's leisurely and tranquil mood at this time.
D. The whole poem describes the scene of the poet waiting for his guests on a rainy night through the rendering of the environment and the actions of the characters, which is implicit and charming.
2. What was the mood of the protagonist in the poem at that time, and how was it expressed?
Reference answers
1. C (Hint: The first two sentences are the "scenery" that the poet heard. The poet was looking forward to the arrival of his friend, and listened carefully, but he could not hear his friend's footsteps. , only the sound of rain and the sound of frogs are heard; these two sentences also secretly point out the reason why the friend "does not come". Knowing this, the "xian" in the last sentence of "playing chess pieces at leisure" cannot be understood as "leisurely" and "leisurely". ", but bored.)
2. The poet was not there at that time and felt restless.
It is expressed through a detailed description of "knocking chess pieces leisurely".
It is a must-read poem in middle schools
Wonderful verses
The first two sentences explain the environment and season at that time. "Huangmei", "rain", "pond" and "frog" describe the scene of summer nights in the plum rain season in the south of the Yangtze River: the sound of rain is continuous and the sound of frogs is heard. Reading it makes people feel as if they are actually there, as if the drizzle is floating around them and the sound of frogs is croaking around them. This seems to be a "lively" environment, but in fact the poet wants to reflect its "silence".
The last two sentences highlight the characters and things. The master waited patiently and somewhat anxiously. He had nothing to do, so he "knocked" the chess pieces and looked at the flashing lights quietly. The third sentence "I have an appointment but I don't come until midnight". The word "I have an appointment" points out that the poet has "invited guests" to visit. "Midnight" shows that the waiting time is long. What he originally expected was the knock on the door. But all that was heard was the sound of rain and the sound of frogs, which in contrast showed the author's anxious mood. The fourth sentence "Idle knocking of chess pieces" is a detailed description. The poet's guest has not been waiting for a long time, and the wick is very long. When the poet was bored, he subconsciously tapped the black and white chess pieces on the chessboard, and the sound of knocking came again. It knocked down all the lanterns. This posture seems to be leisurely, but actually reflects the poet's inner anxiety.
The mood of the poet
The whole poem depicts the provocative environment and the detailed action of "knocking chess pieces leisurely", which not only describes the scene of the poet waiting for guests to visit on a rainy night, but also It can be said that it is both physical and spiritual to write about the feeling of melancholy when the guest has not arrived. The whole poem has a strong flavor of life, and is free from the habit of carving. It is clear and beautiful and can be recited.