Rhyme is one of the most important features of poetry. The so-called rhyme is the pronunciation of homonym; Represented by Chinese characters, it is a word with the same vowel. Rhyme means ending a sentence with the same vowel. Because the rhyming position is generally at the end of the sentence, the rhyming place is generally called rhyme foot. Ancient poetry generally rhymes with two sentences, while single sentences don't rhyme. A quatrain rhymes with two or four sentences, and a metrical poem rhymes with two, four, six and eight sentences, with a fixed rhyme position. On the other hand, words are different. Sometimes two sentences rhyme once, sometimes three sentences rhyme once, and a few sentences rhyme sentence by sentence, and the rhyme position is not fixed.
Rhyme generally has the following situations:
(1) disyllabic. Disyllables (two words with the same initial) and reduplication (two words with the same initial) are not only harmonious in phonology, but also have a positive effect on the expression of meaning.
(2) overlap. Reduplication is very common in ancient poetry, which is both double-voiced and rhyming, and won a wonderful rhyme. Reduplication has many expressive functions in poetry: ① copying the sound to make the sound feel stronger; (2) Things make things more vivid; (3) Narration makes things more emotional; (4) Lyric, increase the emotional concentration.
(3) rhyme by word. What kind of rhyme you choose has a great influence on the artistic conception of this poem. Generally speaking, the bigger the opening of rhyme, the easier it is to express high-spirited feelings. On the contrary, the greater the sound resistance, the easier it is to match the feeling of sadness. Pingsheng rhyme cuts into the meaning of generosity, and rhyme should be sad and restrained.
(2) leveling.
Flat tone is the most important factor that constitutes the intricate rhyme of classical poetry, and ancient poetry pays great attention to flat tone. In a sense, to talk about the meter of poetry is to talk about the format and law of the level tone. Flat, that is, flat pronunciation, means that the pronunciation tone of a word does not rise or fall; Cue, that is, Cue, that is, the tone of a word pronunciation rises or falls. The formation of flat tones is closely related to the four tones. Four tones are the concrete expression of the rhythm of Chinese characters, and are the names of different tones of Chinese characters applied to the rhythm of poetry. The so-called four tones are the four tones of Chinese characters: flat tone, rising tone, falling tone and entering tone. Flat tone is flat tone, rising tone is rising tone, falling tone is falling tone, and entering tone is short tone.
Five-character poems have four basic sentence patterns:
(1) Even-even-even-even.
(2) Flat and flat-flat and flat.
(3) Flat and flat-flat and flat.
(4) Flat and flat-flat and flat.
The so-called ping, ping, mainly depends on the second word, because the second word is the rhythm point (the following seven-character sentence, the second, fourth and sixth words are the rhythm points), and the level of the rhythm point is not allowed to change.
Seven-character poems are changed on the basis of five-character poems (two flat words or flat words opposite to the first two words are added before each sentence), and four basic sentence patterns are also formed:
(1) Flat and flat-flat and flat-flat and flat.
② Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
(3) Flat and flat-flat and flat.
(4) Flat, flat, flat, flat.
By interlacing the above eight basic sentence patterns, we can deduce the flat and even format of all metrical poems and quatrains. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the researchers of Ci summarized the syntax, parallelism and rhyme examples of the predecessors' works of each tone, thus establishing the parallel format of each tone, and indicating the number of words, rhyme and so on. This became the author's lyrics.