Key words: Su Shi, Su Shi's prose, Ci Fu, Si Liu Su Shi's Su Ci.
Su Shi devoted his life to literary and artistic creation. He attaches importance to the social function of literature, opposes "Zhong Hua despises reality" and emphasizes that the author should have a complete life experience. In his opinion, the style of writing should be "like flowing water, with no definite quality at the beginning", "natural in arts and sciences, full in posture" (Teacher Xie's Book), bold in innovation and originality, and "innovative in statutes, bold and unconstrained, leaving wonderful ideas outside" (After Wu Daozi's Painting). Su Shi attaches great importance to the discussion of literary and artistic creation skills. He explained "expressing words" by "seeking the beauty of things is like catching shadows from the wind", and then "knowing things in the mouth and hands" (Thank the teacher's book), which touched the special law of literary and artistic creation. Su Shi's creative practice embodies his literary view. He is a versatile master with unique achievements in poetry, ci and prose.
First, Su Shi's ancient prose and ci fu, Si Liu
(1) Su Shi's cultural view and Taoist thought and the artistic style of Su Shi's prose.
Su Shi's literary thought pays equal attention to literature and Taoism. He spoke highly of Han Yu's and Ouyang Xiu's contributions to ancient Chinese prose, and thought that Han Yu's Eight Dynasties' Literary Decline, Daoji Drowned in the World (Chaozhou Hanwen Gongci Monument), Ouyang Xiu's On the Avenue Like Han Yu and Recalling Sima Qian (Stories of June 1) all paid equal attention to both literature and Taoism. However, Su Shi's views on literature and Taoism were very unique in the Northern Song Dynasty. First of all, Su Shi believes that the art of the article has independent value, such as "fine gold and beautiful jade, which is valuable in the market". Article is not only a tool to carry Tao, but also an advanced form of human spiritual activities. (things are rational, and people who suffer from loss don't know it. People who know can't reach it with their mouths and hands. Secondly, the "Tao" in Su Shi's mind is not limited to Confucianism, but refers to the law of things in general. For example, people who live in the sun and water "have the way of water" ("Japanese metaphor"); This is the same as "knowing cows by cleverness" in "Zhuangzi Health Master"). Therefore, Su Shi advocates that articles should be as natural as the objective world, with a natural attitude. He advocated the diversity and vividness of artistic style, and opposed the unification of literary style, believing that it would make the literary world as barren as "yellow hair and white reed".
Su Wen's style changes freely with different objects, and is as natural and smooth as running water. Han Yu's ancient prose relies on eloquence, layout and momentum to achieve the same goal, while Su Wen relies on a contented and thoughtful way. Su Wen is full of energy, but his language is simple and natural, which is one of the characteristics that Wen Song is different from Tang Wen. Su Shi's works have a wide influence. He is keen on awarding prizes and training many talents. His works were widely circulated in the Song Dynasty and played an important role in the development of literature in the Song Dynasty. Su Shi was highly praised by Jin Dynasty poets, Ming Dynasty writers and Song Dynasty poets. Su Wen has been engaged in academic research for a long time, and his prose is the first in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
About history and politics—
Su Shi is good at writing argumentative essays. The papers on history and politics, including recitation, strategy and historical criticism, are mostly works closely related to Su Shi's political life. In his early years, he had a strong habit of being a strategist, and sometimes he pretended to be amazing and unreasonable. For example, On Jia Yi accused Jia Yi of not knowing how to make friends with ministers in order to win the trust of the court. There are many excellent chapters that are targeted and insightful, but some chapters are too long and disciplined. Such as Jin Ce, Si Zhilun and Hou Lun. His views are novel, not rigid, eloquent and flexible, which embodies the influence of essays such as Mencius and Warring States Policy. For example, "On Hou" said that the old man was a hermit in the Qin Dynasty, and humiliating Sean was to cultivate his tenacity; On Wang Ping criticizes Zhou Pingwang's mistake of moving the capital to avoid bandits, and its viewpoint is novel, profound and enlightening. These historical theories are good at randomness, amazing in writing, showing a high degree of argumentation skills, and became the model essays for scholars at that time, so they spread widely.
2 articles
Although the historical and political theories show Su Shi's extraordinary talent, essays, letters, prefaces and postscripts can better reflect Su Shi's literary achievements. The letters written, such as On Mei Zhi Shu and A Book with Li Gongze, are mostly written in essays, which are not fake, and people have a deep understanding. Essays, miscellaneous feelings, trivial notes and writing notes are concise, eloquent and quite tolerant. For example, "Night Tour in Chengtian Temple" and "Night Tour in Songfeng Pavilion" are handy, artistic and temperament. This writing is really a school of essays in the late Ming Dynasty. Another Qiu Chi Notes was also compiled by later generations. They strengthen logical persuasion with artistic appeal, so they are better than historical theory and orthodox theory. For example, two metaphors in Japanese Yu: