Li yi
Bianshui flows eastward in infinite spring,
The imperial palace in Sui Dynasty has become dust.
Pedestrians should not look at the long embankment.
The wind blows flowers and worries about killing people.
Li appreciation
Most of the nostalgic poems start from the historical sites in front of us, with the ups and downs of the past and present as the background, and contain certain realistic feelings in expressing the sense of historical vicissitudes. This article is a typical poem. The title "Bianhe" refers to the Tongji Canal dug by Yang Di. At that time, in order to enjoy this tour, Emperor Yang Di sent more than one million migrant workers to dig canals, plant willows along the banks and build a luxurious palace by the Bianshui River.
The poet's sense of sadness over the past and the sense of historical vicissitudes began in Bianhe, which exhausted the people's ointment and became a historical witness to the demise of the Sui Dynasty.
The first two sentences are in sharp contrast with the flowing water and dust in the Sui Palace. The image of Bianshui flowing eastward is easy to arouse the association of the long river of time. Decorating with "infinite spring" makes the Bianshui flowing through countless spring and autumn bring some symbolic colors, which causes the association of endless spring scenery on both sides of Bianshui; However, the Sui Palace, which symbolizes the decadent rule and luxurious life of the Sui Dynasty, has been abandoned and decayed, leaving only broken wells and dilapidated walls for people to mourn. The contrast between the two shows that nature is eternal, the world is vicissitudes, luxury is like smoke, and history is ruthless. The profound meaning implied by this sense of historical vicissitudes, as Liu Yuxi's "Taicheng" said: "Thousands of families have become weeds because of a song" backyard flowers ". "
The last two sentences turned to lyricism from Suidiliu. Catkin spring breeze, flying like snow, was originally a sign of spring scenery, but the willow trees in front of us are linked to the rise and fall of the Sui Dynasty and the vicissitudes of history, which makes people sigh. In those days, Emperor Yang Di planted willows on the riverbank, originally to decorate the scenery in southern China. In the end, it became a historical witness to the debauchery and national subjugation. In the eyes of a poet with a sense of historical vicissitudes, Huayang floating in the wind seems to be a symbol of the disappearance of luxury in the Sui Dynasty (Huayang and Yangsui formed an ideological connection, which is easy to make people associate). However, what makes people feel deeper may be this reality; Although the Sui Dynasty is not far away, mistakes lie ahead, but none of the contemporary rulers have learned from the history of the Sui Dynasty. In the intense and deep sadness of "pedestrians don't look at the long embankment, and the wind blows flowers and worries about killing people", there is clearly a shadow of the declining era?
Remembering the past and reciting history are similar in nature and easy to be confused. However, the recitation of history is mostly based on events, focusing on the significance of historical warning; Nostalgia is mostly caused by emotional traces, focusing on expressing the generosity of historical vicissitudes. The former is true and the latter is empty. Comparing Li Yi's poem with Li Shangyin's Sui Palace, two works with similar themes, it is not difficult to see the differences between them. "Sui Palace" captures the typical example of "the spring breeze cuts the palace brocade all over the country, and half the obstacles and half the sails", which shows the extravagance and waste of the southern tour, thus curbing the extravagant ring and covering the sky; Bianhe Qu only adds a little dye to Bianshui, Sui Palace, Long Beach, Yangliu and other vicissitudes to express the ups and downs of the present and the past, mourn the past and hurt the present. To sum up with Du Fu's poems, it can be said that it is a "boring expense" and a kind of "learning from the past and cherishing the rise and fall".