Feast and disperse
Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
The banquet is cool and scattered, and the bridge is back to the moon.
A song to the hospital, Yi Deng downstairs.
When Xia Chan is finished, the new autumn geese will stay.
Why don't you sleep? Lie down and lift the cup.
translate
The banquet broke up with the coming of the cold night, and I walked back from Pingqiao in the moonlight.
The strike stopped and the lights went out.
The residual heat has disappeared in the cicada singing, and the new autumn comes with the geese flying south.
What do you use to hypnotize? That is to finish the rest of the wine before going to bed.
To annotate ...
(1) this poem was written in the fifth year of Daiwa (83 1), when he was in Luoyang and served as Henan Yin. Poetry is exquisite in nature.
2 enjoy the cool: enjoy the cool.
③ Flat bridge: a bridge without radian.
4 wear: a "belt".
⑤ What should I bring?
6 residual cup: the remaining wine.
Distinguish and appreciate
Bai Juyi, who took saving the world as his responsibility in his youth, generously wrote a large number of "New Yuefu Poems" that pleaded for the people and made the dignitaries "discolor", "gnash their teeth" and "pinch their wrists". Because he touched the interests of powerful people, he suffered a series of blows in his official career and was forced to choose the road of "seclusion" to avoid harm and enjoy. In 824 AD (the fourth year of Changqing in Mu Zong), Bai Juyi, 53, began to look for a job as the capital of East China. In 829 AD (the third year of Emperor Wenzong Daiwa), they finally got their wish, and the prince's guests were given the imperial edict of the capital. From then on, Bai Juyi, who was content with saving points, stopped thinking about politics and enjoyed poetry, wine and string songs all day long. Spent his later years in Luoyang. Therefore, a large number of leisure poems are based on wine or piano, which are more recreational and replace allegorical poems. The poem Banquet was written in this period. After Bai Juyi divided the capital into East China, he bought a private house in Luodaoli and Xinchang Square in Luoyang and lived a leisurely life with beautiful gardens. In the poem entitled "Small Garden", he said: "Sometimes, relatives and guests will stay up all night in gin." It can be seen that the small banquet at home is continuous. The poem The Banquet is about an ordinary family dinner. "The small banquet is cold, and the small bridge is retreating from the moon." This small banquet is at the turn of summer and autumn. At the time of the banquet, the residual heat is not exhausted. After the banquet, the author sent the guests away, strolled in the garden, walked in the moonlight and suffered from the cool breeze, which was particularly comfortable. The author enjoys the cool air in autumn. Stepping on the bright moonlight, I feel that tonight's small banquet is just the right time to end, as if to "enjoy the cool" and disperse. Otherwise, it would be a pity to miss this wonderful night. The word "chase" tells the author's happy mood of feasting and strolling on Pingqiao, immersed in this new autumn night.
However, this evening's small banquet was very successful, the atmosphere was harmonious and warm, and both the host and the guest had a pleasant and unforgettable night. Therefore, when the author strolled in Pingqiao, the grand occasion of the banquet and the touching scene of "turning off the lights and going to court" at the end of the banquet kept coming to my mind. Bai Juyi likes music very much. He personally created many musical works, including large-scale movements, such as colorful feathers. At the same time, he can also conduct a band in blowing sheng. After dividing the capital, he kept many musicians and formed a big band. Zhao Yi once said in "Ou Bei Shi Hua": "Happiness can be beautiful with the prime minister and staying behind." So Bai Juyi's music is very famous. This night's small banquet must also be full of music, brilliant lights and warm atmosphere. When the banquet was full, the music had passed, but its lingering sound seemed to be scattered in the courtyard. The scene of servants holding lamps to send guests down the stairs is still vivid. The author did not describe the richness and beauty of the banquet positively, but caught two shots of the banquet and baked it, in which the grand occasion of the banquet was all in it. Ouyang Xiu's "Returning to the Field" contains: "Yan Yuan loves to comment on poetry very much, and tastes the cloud:' When you are old, your waist is heavy, and you have no intention of getting cold' is not a rich word. It's better to go to the hospital with a song and the lights go downstairs. This kind word is also rich. " It can be seen that this couplet deserves to be a model in the history of poetry. It abandons vulgar words such as golden jade and beautiful mountains and rivers, and depicts Bai Juyi's wealth and joy with extremely sparse pen and ink.
"When Xia Chan is finished, the new autumn geese will stay". When the summer in Qiu Lai passes, cicadas will run out of time with the arrival of autumn coolness, and the voice of singing with trees will be more cut; At the beginning of the new autumn, Beiyan joined forces in Nanxiang. Grasping the characteristics of seasonal and phenological changes, the author shows the natural changes in summer in Qiu Lai poetically, saying that the sudden sound of cicadas drives away the summer heat, and the new autumn season attracts geese. Five-character verse takes the third word as its poetic eye. These two sentences take the words "cicada" and "goose" as poetic eyes, which not only make the images of these two poems vivid and alert, but also illuminate the whole poem, deepen its theme and artistic conception, and strengthen its artistic appeal. Therefore, Wei Qingzhi took these two words as an example of "the eye of truth" in "The Author's Jade Piece" in "Syntax of the Tang Dynasty".
"Why do you sleep? Lie down and lift the cup. " When the author took a leisurely walk at the banquet, he was excited by the coolness of the new autumn accompanied by the bright moon. It seems that he first felt this change in seasons and phenology. This cool breeze in the new autumn not only blew away the author's residual heat, but also set off a faint autumn water-like wave in his heart. I don't know whether I am happy or sad, and I am completely sleepy. But the night is deep, everything is silent, and people have already fallen asleep. It's time for bed. So in order to have a good sleep, the author raised his glass again and drank it alone.