What are squeeze rhyme, collision rhyme and couplet rhyme?
The so-called "squeezing rhyme" refers to the use of the same words as the vowels in the rhyme, which interferes with the effect of rhyme beauty.
Generally speaking, metrical poems can be misspelled but not misspelled. The rhyme in the poem is like the cornerstone of a building. The cornerstone is unstable and the building is easy to overturn. Rhyme is like playing chess, like sending troops to the battlefield. If there is no regular rhyme, it is not called metrical poem, but rather called jingle or limerick. The sound of melody has several precepts; There are also more than a dozen taboos about the rhyme of rhythm.
For example, avoid rhyme (also known as rhyme). For example, in a poem, the rhyme of "One East" is spoken first, and then the rhyme of "Three Rivers" or "Eight Geng" is spoken ... This is rhyme.
Another example is to avoid rhyming. Avoid homophone rhymes, such as "Hua, Hua, Yuan, ..." in six Hemps and "Fang, Xiang, ..." in seven Yang rhymes. In a poem, double bet is a compound rhyme. It is also forbidden to use homophones continuously for rhyme, that is, to use homophones continuously in rhyming sentences without interval. Allow intermittent use .............
Beginners should pay special attention to the fact that "rhyme" and "vowel" are not exactly the same concepts.
Rhyme, collision and squeezing
Collision rhyme:
What is a rhyming collision? Even in blank sentences (such as the third sentence of a quatrain), vowels with the same rhyme are used at the end. Metric poetry, whether flat or flat, rhymes once the vowels of white feet and rhyme feet are the same. When this happens in the poem, the rhyme of the whole poem lacks rich changes, which makes people feel awkward to read.
For example:
Han Yu, Four Musts, Early Spring Rain and Dew
The drizzle turned the beautiful streets into cream-
The new grass, visible from a distance, disappears when it is near.
This is the best place in a year.
Absolutely the best-before the hazy willow trees cover the city.
In the third sentence, the "Chu" and the rhyme "Crisp, Nothing, All" of Bai Jiao are the rhymes of Wu (U), both of which are rhymed, and they are evenly collected (mixed). But this poem makes people feel the disadvantages of rhyming collision, and the whole poem is catchy to read. Because Han Yu has superb writing control ability, it becomes a "living rhyme". In the second sentence, the author used "near without". In this way, the focus of reading the whole sentence falls on the fifth word' near', and you live!
Squeeze rhyme:
What is squeezing rhyme? (Also known as rhyming, rhyming) There are too many rhyming words in poems that don't rhyme, which makes it difficult to read.
For example:
Wang Anshi, Four Musts, Dengguazhou
Beyond the river is Jingkou, and Zhongshan is there.
Zhongshan is only separated by a few mountains-
The spring breeze turns green again. Jiang Nanan-Shake the waves, clear and self-explain: Shore 7, strike rhyme.
When will the moon see me on my way home?
The "shore" and the rhyme "empty, mountain and return" at the white foot are all a rhyme, which collides with the rhyme. But in the fourth sentence, the author uses "give me back" to make the poem "live rhyme", which virtually eliminates the harm of "rhyme".
This poem not only rhymes, but also rhymes. "Jiang Nanan" in this poem is a typical rhyme. However, the author used the word "bank" in White Feet, because the word "bank" is a shallow phonetic word, which also eliminates the harm of rhyme. Therefore, this poem does not make people feel the harm of rhyme and squeezing. The whole poem reads smoothly and becomes a famous sentence through the ages!
From the above, we can know that if there is rhyme or squeezing in writing poetry, don't simply say it's accurate or not. It depends on whether the author has profound writing skills and control ability, and whether he can turn "dead rhyme" into "living rhyme"!
The key to understanding rhyme.
Collision rhyme
Rhyme collision: even the last word of a sentence that does not rhyme (such as the third sentence of four poems) uses the same vowel rhyme.
Generally speaking, the rhyme of the whole poem lacks change, which is easy to make the poem uncomfortable to read, so it is not suitable.
For example:
? The moon mark of the woodcrow moves,
? The clouds are light and the wind is light, and the bamboo shadow is low.
? Wash your tears in your dreams,
? The sound of spring falls on the west side of the small building at night.
? This poem is lively and has good fundamentals. But there will always be some discomfort. The rhyme of the word "Xi" is an obvious injury here. As soon as the word' wash' came out, the word' west' behind it was suppressed. I always feel relieved to study there.
? Are rhymes not allowed in poetry? As we have learned before, poetry has no other restrictions except the requirements of meter and rhyme.
? In the first poem, the rhyming word "washing" damaged the poem. The point is that the rhyme related to this poem has been made into "dead rhyme".
Dead rhyme and living rhyme
? If the focus of the whole poem falls on the last word; Such a poem is called "dead rhyme"
On the other hand, if the sentence reading of the whole poem focuses on other words before rhyme, such a poem is called "living rhyme"
? For example, in the last example, the focus of the last three sentences is' low',' washing' and' west', and the rhyme of the word' washing' is bound to hurt the whole poem.
example
? The rain in Tianjie is as slippery as crisp,
? The color of the grass is close in the distance, but not at all.
? This is the best place of the year,
? It's better than the smoke willow in the imperial city.
-Han Yu's Four Musts, Early Spring Rain and Dew
The word' Chu' rhymes in this poem, but we don't feel the harm of rhyming, and we still feel that the whole poem is fluent and catchy.
What's the point? The key lies in the "near but nothing" in the second sentence. The focus of reading this sentence falls on the fifth word' near', so this poem becomes' living rhyme'. The whole poem successfully avoids the harm caused by rhyming collision.
Perfect taste is the full display of the author's superb ability to control words.
Squeeze rhyme
Squeeze rhyme: It means that there are too many words with the same vowel in the poem, which makes the sentence awkward to read.
Concepts such as "striking rhyme" and "squeezing rhyme" should belong to "poetic theorists" who lack a sense of rhythm and try to solve the problem of rhyme and create a purely "half-bottle vinegar" view.
? For example, "Late Smoke Residue" is really awkward to read, and we can say that it is caused by "squeezing rhyme".
? However, the robbery of "Twilight Cold" is very refreshing. Why do the same rhyme have different phonological expressions?
? This is something that a "poetic critic" who lacks a sense of rhyme will never be able to crack.
? The point here is that' disability' is a process, but it is also an stressed word, so that the sound ends before the meaning of the sentence is fully developed in the mind. In this way, the harm of "squeezing rhyme" to sentence reading is highlighted.
? And' cold' is just a feeling and a kind of opening sound. Meaning and sound in the mind can develop synchronously, so the harm of "squeezing rhyme" does not exist.
? It is precisely because of this relationship that "residual" rhyme is easy to become "dead rhyme" and "cold" rhyme is easy to become "living rhyme". This brings different phonological changes to the subsequent development of the whole poem.
example
A water room in Guazhou, Jingkou,
Zhongshan is separated by only a few mountains.
The spring breeze in Jiang Nanan is green,
When will the bright moon shine on me?
-Wang Anshi, Four Musts, Dengguazhou
? In this poem, "Jiang Nanan" is a typical rhyme, but we don't feel the harm of rhyme, and we still feel that the whole poem is fluent and catchy.
? The key is that the final' bank' is a shallow-sounding word, thus eliminating the harm of rhyming.
? Similarly, the word shore here rhymes. However, in the fourth sentence, the author used "give me back" to make the poem a "living rhyme" and virtually eliminated the harm of "striking rhyme". Left us a farewell song.
Sanyinping
? If all three rhymes of a poem are flat and even, it will also hurt the rhyme sense of the poem.
example
? The Yellow River is far above the white clouds.
? Wan Ren is an isolated city.
? Why should a strong brother complain about willow?
? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass.
? -Wang Zhihuan's "Four Qualities" and Liangzhou Ci
? The' emptiness',' mountain' and' Guan' in this poem form the rhyme of three yin levels, but we don't feel the harm of three yin levels, and we still feel that the whole poem is fluent and catchy.
? The key point is that the "Wan Ren Mountain" in the second sentence makes this poem a "living rhyme". A vivid, fluent and perfect verse has been enduring for thousands of years.
? In fact, this poem is also a classic of "squeezing rhyme". Let's take a closer look at how the author virtually eliminates the harm of "squeezing rhyme".
Li Anyun
? A rhyme is two adjacent rhyming sentences, in which homophones are used as rhyming words. This is really harmful to the rhyme itself. This is particularly prominent in the four wonders. Therefore, it is very difficult to find out how to decipher the poem "Lianyun" in the Seven Wonders.
? We found a homophone quatrain to illustrate the method of decoding.
example
? The dust in the desert is dim,
? The red flag rolled out of Yuanmen.
? The former army fought the Taohe River at night,
? It is reported that he was captured alive.
-Wang Changling four lines, join the army.
? Although it is not the rhyme of this poem, "faint" and "muddy" are homonyms. The author's first sentence, however, uses "the sun is faint" to make it a "living rhyme" So as to avoid the harm of homophone rhyme to poetry.
? We can also watch a rhyme.
example
? The new year's grass is far from blooming, and long-term visitors will get lost.
? I don't know where the rain is, but the spring breeze only reaches the west of Muling.
? The lonely city is empty, and there are no birds singing in three households.
? Do you remember whether you are in the south of the Yangtze River? There are five willows in front of you.
-Liu Changqing Lv Qi sent friends to Ci 'an Road.
? In the first two sentences of this poem, the homonyms "Qi" and "Qi" form a rhyme. But the author used the word "far" in the first sentence, which made "far" become "living rhyme". So as to avoid the harm of rhyme.
From the previous analysis, we can easily see that the fundamental solution to the quality of poetic rhyme lies in understanding what is "living rhyme" and what is "dead rhyme". If your works are all "dead rhyme" sentences, it is bound to hurt.
It seems to me that the rhyme you said is the same as the rhyme I saw.
Overlapping rhyme-Any rhyme that is repeatedly used is called overlapping rhyme. For example:
Give Lotte a present and say something about Yuan Zhen.
Happiness is hard to be happy when you are old, and lonely when you are old.
I have never seen a boat before, and I hope not to meet in the market building;
Major General Yan Li is looking for a case. He wants to throw an owl.
Sun Yuanhu Temple is suitable for you to see, so you don't have to overlook Jinghu Lake.
Reward Lott Yuan Zhen
The world of mortals is disturbing the west, and Yun Xin and I are lonely;
I was surrounded by thousands of riders for a while, so I asked for no audience;
A hundred books are judged from Rao Bai, and eight meters of poems are not in Lu;
The funniest thing recently is Huang Shudu, who claimed to be a thorn in the lake.
Pay Yuan Zhen again.
Singing songs around Guo at night, Ji Shan brings back the lonely moon wheel;
If you want to write a poem, you should break it, although the Taoist painting is nothing;
Although I am a talented young man, I know that you are in danger of fighting the enemy.
Otherwise, there is Gusu County, which intends to compare the pond to Jinghu Lake.
There are several taboos in rhyme in modern poetry, which should be noted:
One: abstinence from rhyme-rhyme is commonly known as falling rhyme. For example, if a poem takes "Yidong" as rhyme, the words in the rhyme of "Sanjiang" or "Eight Geng" are mistakenly called rhyme.
Two: rhyme-rhyme has nothing to do with the meaning of the whole sentence, just make do.
Three: avoid heavy rhyme-heavy rhyme is homophony, and repeated vows call it. This is forbidden in modern poetry, but not in ancient poetry.
Four: Don't rhyme backwards-people who combine two words into one word can use it backwards to accommodate rhyme. Such as: "successively, fresh, coming and going, generous, sorrowful, brilliant, cattle and horses, heaven and earth, exquisite, participating businessmen, Luo Qi, harps, Gankun" and so on. , but it must be justified. If you can't do it, it's called inverted rhyme, and you must not use it.
Five: abstain from dumb rhyme-dumb rhyme means that the tone is not big or the meaning is not obvious. For example, the words "Chong" and "Meng" in the rhyme "Dong" are. Yuan is a flower, but the word Yuan is silent. "Fang" means sweet, but the word "Fang" is silent. Wait, wait.
Six: abstain from different rhymes-different rhymes are also called "dangerous rhymes" or "difficult rhymes", that is, uncommon words, such as "wandering" in eastern rhymes.
Seven: abstinence from rhyme-all words with the same meaning, such as "flower, flower, flower" in the six-horse rhyme, "fragrance, fragrance" in the seven-yang rhyme, and "sorrow, sorrow" in the eleventh rhyme, have the same meaning, and the double vows in a poem are rhymes, which should be avoided.
Eight: No rhyme-if it doesn't rhyme, if the same word rhymes differently and has different meanings, it's called mispronouncing. For example, the word "heavy" is interpreted as "overlapping" in the rhyme of Er Dong and "precious" in the rhyme of Er Qu. The word "Luo" is interpreted as "obedience" in Sanjiang rhyme and "Luo" in Sanjiang rhyme; The word "fresh" is interpreted as "new" in rhyme
Nine: abstinence from rhyme-rhyme is also called rhyme, that is, you don't use homophony at the foot of rhyme (in the same poem).
Knowledge without tea is shallow. It seems that this theory originated from the eight diseases of poetry.
Ancient terms about the rhythm of poetry. It was put forward by Liang in the Southern Dynasties, saying that eight disadvantages should be avoided when writing poetry, namely, flat head, upper tail, bee waist, crane knee, big rhyme, small rhyme, side button and straight button.
According to Wen Jing and Mi Fei:
Flat head means that the first and second sentences of a five-character poem must not be synchronized with the sixth and seventh sentences.
The fifth word at the top of the finger must not be synchronized with the cross (rhyme can be ignored).
Bee waist refers to the second word of a five-character poem, which must not be synchronized with the fifth word. The word is thick at both ends and thin in the middle, like a bee's waist.
The five characters of crane knee refer to the same words as the fifteen characters. The words are thin at both ends and thick in the middle, like the knees of a crane. According to Cai Kuanfu, the nearest neighbor thinks that the first word of five-character is voiced, the first word in the middle is voiced, such as bee waist, the first two words are voiced, and the first word in the middle is voiced, such as crane knee. )
Rhyme means that if the five-character poem uses "new" as rhyme, the first nine words should not be added with the words "people, Tianjin, neighbors, style and Chen" (that is, it conflicts with rhyme).
Xiaoyun refers to the overlapping crime except rhyme (that is, the nine-character mutual crime).
There is a big button in Fat Girl, that is, five words have the word "moon", so it is not allowed to add the words "fish, yuan, Ruan, wish" and "moon" at the same time.
Zhengniu is a small button, which takes "non-combination, agreement and entry" as a group. The word "non-combination" is already in one sentence of five words, so the words "non-combination, agreement and entry" should not be added, resulting in a four-tone disease.
Shen Yue said that he was criticized by Zhong Rong and others at that time. Song's "Cang Shi Style" also said: "There is no need to stop writing poems, and the disadvantages are unfounded."
On the Rhyme of Metric Poems
In ancient poetry, meter is not strict. In the Qi and Liang Dynasties, people began to pay attention to meter when writing poems. After a long period of brewing, the so-called "metrical poems" appeared in the Tang Dynasty. In order to distinguish it from the traditional poetic style, at that time, this kind of metrical poetry was called "modern poetry" or "modern poetry", and it was also called "ancient poetry". But today, "ancient poetry" is of course very old, and "modern poetry" has a history of more than 1000 years.
Rhyme is a very regular poetic style, and there are strict restrictions on parallelism and rhyme. The word "rhyme" can be interpreted as regularity, melody and discipline. According to my personal understanding, I want to discuss with my friends my experience in reading poems, about the rhyme of metrical poems.
rhyme
The so-called rhyming (also called rhyming and Ye Yun) means putting the words with the same rhyme in the designated position.
? The so-called rhyme is to classify words with the same vowels into one category, which is called rhyme. Words with homophones are homophones.
Any poem needs rhyme, no matter ancient or modern, Chinese or foreign, such as the Book of Songs, Chuci, and free poems after the May 4th Movement. Lyrics of popular songs now; Foreign Shakespeare's Sonnets, Tagore's Gitanjali, Mayakovski's Lenin and so on. The difference is that there are more or less restrictions on rhyme, and there are strict and wide restrictions. This is also the biggest difference between poetry and other literary genres.
What we often use to write modern poetry now is the New Prose Rhyme written by Wang Wenyu in the Southern Song Dynasty, which is what the world calls 108 Pingshui Rhyme. Every rhyme has more or less words. A lot, of course, is that the author has more room to choose and the poem is easy to write; Less, like "Shang Ping Sanjiang Rhyme Department", there are only 15 words in total. It is very difficult to write a "seven rhymes" and choose five rhymes from it. But the ancients liked to write poems with this narrow rhyme to show their talents and skills.
In A Dream of Red Mansions, the sons and daughters of the Grand View Garden once got together and chanted about Bai Haitang. A * * * wrote six "seven laws", among which Lin Daiyu wrote:
Half-rolled curtains cover the door, and the ice is ground into earth jade as a basin.
Steal a pear for three cents and borrow a plum blossom for a soul.
The moon cave fairy sews robes, and the woman who always wipes crow marks in my heart in autumn.
Who is shy and silent? I'm tired of leaning against the west wind at night.
The rhyming words "door, basin, soul, scar and faint" in the last poem are all in the "Shang Ping Thirteen Yuan Rhyme Department". Writing poems with these five rhyming words is all specified in advance and the order cannot be reversed.
Rhyme is an important means to enhance the musicality of poetry. In order to make the tone of modern poetry harmonious and easy to remember, the rules are very strict. From the poem Ode to Bai Hai Tang in A Dream of Red Mansions, we can also see that the ancients were very particular about rhyme. However, we need to understand that we should not be too addicted to rhyme and destroy the essence of poetry. Occasionally there is a rhyme or two, which is also allowed by the ancients.
rule
There are strict rules on rhyme in modern poetry, which can be summarized as follows: the first sentence can be put or taken off, and the next sentence must be put on rhyme.
1, even sentences rhyme
There are 2468 rhymes in metrical poems and 24 rhymes in quatrains. Whether it is a metrical poem or a quatrain, the first sentence may or may not rhyme. For example, the first sentence of the rhyming "Seven Wonders":
? Biedongda (Normal University)
Thousands of miles away, Huang Yun is intoxicated in the daytime, and the north wind blows geese and snow in succession.
Mochow has a vast road ahead, and everyone knows you.
Leyou Tomb (Li Shangyin)
In the evening, I was unhappy and drove to Gu.
Sunset, infinitely beautiful, only near dusk.
The first sentence of Leyou Tombs doesn't rhyme, but two or four sentences rhyme. Generally speaking, it is common that the first sentence of five-character poems does not rhyme, and it is also common that the first sentence of seven-character poems rhymes.
2. Only bet on rhymes:
It is almost a dead rule that modern poetry can only rhyme. In fact, in the style of modern poetry, if words are pronounced, they will feel awkward, so the ancients can consciously abide by this law, and there are few counterexamples in memory for reference. On the contrary, among some friends, some people appreciate the sound and rhythm of modern poetry. I wonder what their basis is.
3, a rhyme to the end, the middle can not change rhyme.
Ancient poetry (ancient style) is allowed to change rhyme halfway, but modern poetry is not allowed.
? The rhyme feet of ancient poetry can be mixed with those of adjacent rhymes, such as one east and two winters, four branches and five micro-rhymes, which is probably the basis of the so-called new rhyme. However, the rhyme of modern poetry must strictly only use words with the same rhyme. Even if the number of words in this rhyme is small (called narrow rhyme), it cannot be mixed with words in other rhymes. Otherwise, it is called rhyme, which is the taboo of modern poetry.
For example, a friend used "difficulty, leisure, pill, cold and noodles" in a rhyme. The five words rhyme, "difficulty, pill and cold" belong to "fourteen cold in the upper level", while "leisure and beauty" belong to "fifteen deletion in the upper level" This is not called "new rhyme" or "modern rhyme", but "rhyme". Poetry can be written as classical poetry or free verse, but we can't stubbornly classify them as "modern poetry", that is, "metrical poetry", which can only mislead future generations who study poetry. In fact, this rhyming poem can be changed as long as the author sits down and deliberates. Unfortunately, many poets only know "high yield" and don't know "high precision"; I only know how to say hello and sing, but I don't know how to study on the ground. Lack of Jia Dao's "careful thinking" spirit in the Tang Dynasty, perhaps this is the sadness of our online poetry circle today!
If modern poetry rhymes with the first sentence, it can borrow adjacent rhymes. Because the first sentence can be put or not, you can bend the rules. Some netizens recently left me a message saying: "Song people just want to innovate, and some don't talk about meter. Isn't Song poetry worthless? " Who said that Song poetry doesn't talk about meter? Look at the poems of Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Shi and others. Can you give some examples that don't talk about rice? Song people's poems like to rhyme the first sentence and borrow neighboring rhymes. Maybe this friend regards this as "innovation".
For example, Huang Tingjian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote "Climbing Yueyang Tower and Looking at Junshan in the Rain";
Eyes full of wind and rain, leaning on the column alone, there are twelve knots in Hunan and Hubei.
It's a pity that I can't face the lake, but I can only see Junshan in the Yinshan pile.
The words "Huan" and "Shan" in this song belong to the fifteenth deletion of the sound, but the first sentence borrows the "column" of the fourteenth cold. This is called borrowing neighboring rhymes, which became popular in the late Tang Dynasty and became a trend in the Song Dynasty.
Sing a song with others.
From the internet, there are many poems sung together, including free poems and modern poems; There are metrical poems and modern poems; With the content and thought of chorus; There is no connection between the original poem and the chorus ... This reflects the vigorous development of network culture, and it is also a good thing that the majority of netizens like to write poems! However, if this phenomenon continues, it will be a concern for the development of our excellent Chinese culture!
What is a chorus? This is related to the rhyme of this poem. Without the rhyme rules of Ping Yun Shui and the perfection of Metric Poetry, there would be no chorus. Chorus is to rhyme according to the rhyme used in other people's poems, which is called "harmony rhyme" or "step rhyme" "Harmony poem" and "harmony poem" are "harmony rhyme"! No rhyme, what makes you? You haven't figured out the basic problem yet. Aren't you making peace? There are three main ways of "harmonious poetry":
1, secondary rhyme: also known as prosody, that is, using the same rhyme words in the original poem, and the order must be the same, which is the most common way. This is the case with the song "Ode to Bai Hai Tang" in the above Dream of Red Mansions.
2, rhyme: that is, use the rhyming words in the original poem, but not necessarily in their order.
3. Rhyme: Use words that rhyme with the original poem, but don't use words that rhyme with the original poem.